FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\Trl[R85]

Trl^R85/Trl^ex15 males are unable to produce viable offspring. The testes are 2-4 times smaller than normal and in 90% of cases only early stage (2- and 4-cell) germline cysts are present. Most of the mutant males have empty seminal vesicles, but 5% have a single mature, motile sperm. Mitochondrial defects are seen starting from the spermatogonia stage, with the mitochondria being much larger than normal, having a pale matrix and lacking cristae in many areas. At later stages of spermatogenesis autophagosome formation and massive lysis of the cytoplasm is seen.

Approximately 50% of Trl^R85/Trl³⁶² males are fertile, with seminal vesicles containing a small number of motile sperm. The testes are 1.5-3 times smaller than normal. Mitochondria are swollen and poorly condensed in spermatogonia and polar spermatocytes. Spermatocyte degradation is seen.

Defects in primordial germ cell (PGC) migration are seen in Trl^R85/Trl^ex15 embryos. Some of the PGCs fail to migrate, and those that do are scattered throughout the embryo.

(Dorogova et al., 2014)

Trl^R85/+ enhances the position effect variegation at the w locus which is seen in In(1)w^m4 flies.

4% of heterozygous adult males show transformation of A6 to A5.

(Nakayama et al., 2012)

Cytoplasmic actin filaments are completely absent in 18% of Trl^R85 mutant egg chambers, and the nurse cell nuclei block the ring canals.

Trl^en82/Trl^R85 mutant females lay one or two eggs per day, compared to 30-50 in wild type females. The size of the eggs varies from 320 to 400 micrometres, which is small compared to >500 micrometres seen in wild type flies. The eggs are elliptical and have short chorionic appendages.

Structural abnormalities are seen in the ovaries of Trl^en82/Trl^R85 mutant females from stage 10 of egg chamber development. Follicle cells are often localized to the posterior part of the oocyte and do not cover the posterior surface. Abnormal migration of centripetal cells is also seen. Many egg chambers contain oocytes of an irregular shape and many oocytes are localized in the nurse cell region. Not all cytoplasm from the nurse cells is transferred to the oocyte in many egg chambers, resulting in a 'dumpless' phenotype. Numerous degrading egg chambers are seen with abnormal chromatin condensation in the nurse cells at stages 9 and 10. This is not usually seen in wild type. Most nurse cells demonstrate no significant abnormalities in the structure of cytoplasmic actin filaments formed before the phase of rapid transport at stage 10B, however these filaments look thinner, less organised and are less evenly distributed over the chamber. Cytoplasmic actin filaments are completely absent in 1.8% of egg chambers, and the nurse cell nuclei block the ring canals in these egg chambers.

(Ogienko et al., 2008)

Trl^R85 homozygous larvae do not reach third instar. Trl^R85/Trl^13C larvae do develop till third instar, though their imaginal discs are very small. When Trl^R85 germ-line clones are made, only very few progeny are obtained. The phenotype of the few progeny obtained is variable, ranging from unfertilised eggs in most cases to embryos developing cuticle with various defects. The unfertilised eggs exhibit a defect in micropyle formation. Those embryos that are fertilised have completely defective anterior, and denticle belts are not properly formed. When Trl^R85 somatic clones are made (in a Minute background) various phenotypes are seen. In general most clones display a lack of bristles and no clones present any obvious homeotic transformations. Clones in the eyes, the proboscis and palpi sometimes reduce their sizes. In the thorax, the notum is often split and there is a clear disappearance of both macrochaetae and microchaetae. In the wing margin, clones running along the dorsal-ventral border usually delete the triple row of bristles. Clones in the wing blade, produce wings with blisters, reduced sizes, and a "held-out" phenotype is sometimes seen. In legs, most of the clones show a lack of bristles, in the first leg of males, clones show a reduction of the number of sex comb hairs which invariably is accompanied by a lack of surrounding bristles in the clones.

(Bejarano and Busturia, 2004)

Trl^R85/+ does not suppress the variegation of lt due to In(2LR)lt^G10 (seen in In(2LR)lt^G10/Df(2L)lt10 animals derived from lt¹⁶/Df(2L)lt10 females); there is no significant change in the percentage of pigmented Malpighian tubule cells. Trl^R85/+ does not suppress the variegation of lt due to In(2L)lt^X2 (seen in In(2L)lt^X2/Df(2L)lt10 animals derived from lt¹⁶/Df(2L)lt10 females); there is no significant change in the percentage of pigmented Malpighian tubule. Trl^R85/+ enhances the variegation of lt due to T(2;3)lt^X13 (seen in T(2;3)lt^X13/Df(2L)lt10 animals derived from lt¹⁶/Df(2L)lt10 females), so that the percentage of pigmented Malpighian tubule cells is decreased in the double mutant larvae. Trl^R85/+ does not suppress the variegation of lt due to In(2LR)lt^G10 (seen in In(2LR)lt^G10/lt¹ animals); there is no significant change in the amount of eye pigment in the double mutant adults.

(Weiler and Wakimoto, 2002)

Heterozygotes do not have extra sex combs on the 2nd or 3rd leg and do not show transformation of antenna to leg.

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Lethality occurs at hatching.

(Katokhin et al., 2001)

Does not effect position effect variegation at the bw locus caused by Byron.

(Sass and Henikoff, 1998)

Pairing sensitive repression is alleviated in iab-7 PRE lines that carry Trl^13C.

(Hagstrom et al., 1997)

Homozygotes die during the third larval instar with no obvious homeotic or other specific defects. Double homozygotes with z mutants show no cuticular defects.

(Laney and Biggin, 1996)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has homeotic phenotype, enhanceable by Taf3^Fa4a

(Chopra et al., 2008)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by pho¹

(Bejarano and Busturia, 2004)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has visible | dominant phenotype, enhanceable by +/Df(2R)Δ18

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has visible | dominant phenotype, enhanceable by +/Df(2R)Δ18

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85 has visible phenotype, enhanceable by corto[+]/corto⁴²⁰

(Lopez et al., 2001)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of visible | dominant | homeotic phenotype of Pc³

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of visible phenotype of corto⁴²⁰

(Lopez et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of visible | dominant | homeotic phenotype of brm[+]/brm², trx^E2

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of visible | dominant | homeotic phenotype of ash1¹⁷, trx^B11/trx[+]

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Other

Statement

Reference

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has homeotic phenotype

(Chopra et al., 2008)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has visible phenotype

(Bejarano and Busturia, 2004)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has visible | dominant phenotype

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has visible | dominant phenotype

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, pho[+]/pho¹ has visible | homeotic phenotype

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl^R85, pho¹ has visible | homeotic phenotype

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl^R85, ash1²² has visible | dominant | homeotic phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl^R85, brm² has visible | dominant | homeotic phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl^R85, trx^B11 has visible | dominant | homeotic phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, ash1²² has visible | dominant | homeotic phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, brm² has visible | dominant | homeotic phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, trx^B11 has visible | dominant | homeotic phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has haltere phenotype, enhanceable by Taf3^Fa4a

(Chopra et al., 2008)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has wing | ectopic phenotype, enhanceable by Taf3^Fa4a

(Chopra et al., 2008)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has haltere phenotype, enhanceable by +/Df(2R)Δ18

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has mesothoracic tergum phenotype, enhanceable by +/Df(2R)Δ18

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has wing | ectopic phenotype, enhanceable by +/Df(2R)Δ18

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has haltere phenotype, enhanceable by +/Df(2R)Δ18

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has mesothoracic tergum phenotype, enhanceable by +/Df(2R)Δ18

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has wing | ectopic phenotype, enhanceable by +/Df(2R)Δ18

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85 has humerus phenotype, enhanceable by corto[+]/corto⁴²⁰

(Lopez et al., 2001)

NOT Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

Trl^R85 has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Alh^unspecified

(Perrin et al., 2003)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

Trl^R85 has phenotype, non-suppressible by Alh^unspecified

(Perrin et al., 2003)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

Trl^R85 is an enhancer of haltere | ectopic phenotype of Ubx^Cbx-1

(Bejarano and Busturia, 2004)

Trl^R85 is an enhancer of wing phenotype of Ubx^Cbx-1

(Bejarano and Busturia, 2004)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of adult abdominal segment 4 | ectopic phenotype of E(z)^Trm

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of adult abdominal segment 5 phenotype of E(z)^Trm

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic phenotype of E(z)^Trm

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of adult prothoracic segment phenotype of E(z)^Trm

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of antenna phenotype of Pc³

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of leg | ectopic phenotype of Pc³

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of mesothoracic leg phenotype of Pc³

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of metathoracic leg phenotype of Pc³

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of sex comb | ectopic phenotype of Pc³

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of humerus phenotype of corto⁴²⁰

(Lopez et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of adult metathoracic segment phenotype of brm[+]/brm², trx^E2

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is an enhancer of adult metathoracic segment phenotype of ash1¹⁷, trx^B11/trx[+]

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

Trl^R85 is a suppressor of abdominal segment 5 | ectopic phenotype of Abd-B^Mcp-1

(Bejarano and Busturia, 2004)

Trl^R85 is a suppressor of abdominal segment 4 phenotype of Abd-B^Mcp-1

(Bejarano and Busturia, 2004)

Trl^R85 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of CycE^JP

(Brumby et al., 2002)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is a suppressor of adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic phenotype of E(z)^Trm

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is a suppressor of adult metathoracic segment phenotype of E(z)^Trm

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85 is a suppressor of adult prothoracic segment phenotype of E(z)^Trm

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

Other

Statement

Reference

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has haltere phenotype

(Chopra et al., 2008, Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has wing | ectopic phenotype

(Chopra et al., 2008, Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Kr^If-1, Trl[+]/Trl^R85 has eye phenotype

(Sollars et al., 2003)

Kr^If-1, Trl^R85 has eye phenotype

(Sollars et al., 2003)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] has mesothoracic tergum phenotype

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has haltere phenotype

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has wing | ectopic phenotype

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has mesothoracic tergum phenotype

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has haltere phenotype

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has wing | ectopic phenotype

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, Ubx¹³⁰ has mesothoracic tergum phenotype

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

Trl^R85, pho¹ has sex comb | ectopic phenotype

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl^R85, pho¹ has mesothoracic leg phenotype

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl^R85, pho¹ has metathoracic leg phenotype

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl^R85, pho[+]/pho¹ has sex comb | ectopic phenotype

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl^R85, pho[+]/pho¹ has mesothoracic leg phenotype

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl^R85, pho[+]/pho¹ has metathoracic leg phenotype

(Busturia et al., 2001)

Trl^R85, ash1²² has adult metathoracic segment phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl^R85, brm² has adult metathoracic segment phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl^R85, trx^B11 has adult metathoracic segment phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, ash1²² has adult metathoracic segment phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, brm² has adult metathoracic segment phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Trl[+]/Trl^R85, trx^B11 has adult metathoracic segment phenotype

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Double heterozygosity for both polybromo^Δ86 and Trl^R85 enhances the position effect variegation at the w locus which is seen in In(1)w^m4 flies more strongly than either single polybromo^Δ86 and Trl^R85 heterozygote alone.

12% of Trl^R85/polybromo^Δ86 and Trl^R85/brm² double heterozygous adult males show transformation of A6 to A5.

(Nakayama et al., 2012)

Homozygosity for Trl^R85 slightly increases the eye colour in flies carrying w^{P1\loxP.ME.RW+}.

Homozygosity for Trl^R85 has no effect on the eye colour of flies carrying w^-ME.RW+.

(Sultana et al., 2011)

2.48% of flies carrying one copy of Trl^R85 and one copy of Ubx¹³⁰ show a mild haltere to wing transformation.

Homozygous bip2^Fa4a does not enhance the frequency of haltere to wing transformation seen in Trl^R85/TM2, Ubx¹³⁰ flies (2.73% of flies show transformations, compared to 2.48%), but it does enhance the severity of the transformation.

(Chopra et al., 2008)

Abd-B^Mcp-1, Trl^R85 double heterozygotes have a partially pigmented abdominal segment 4. Trl^R85/Ubx¹³⁰; pho¹ flies show an enhancement of the Ubx¹³⁰ phenotype in 18% of flies. 37% of Trl^R85/In(3R)Antp^rv1 flies show an antenna to leg phenotype, compared to the 25% observed in In(3R)Antp^rv1/+.

(Bejarano and Busturia, 2004)

10+/-2% of Kr^If-1/+ flies born to Trl^R85/+ mothers have outgrowths with ectopic vibrissae protruding from the ventral region of the eye, compared to less than 0.1% of Kr^If-1/+ flies born to isogenised wild-type mothers.

(Sollars et al., 2003)

Mutant weakly suppresses the CycE^JP rough eye phenotype.

(Brumby et al., 2002)

Ubx¹³⁰/Trl^R85 flies have a low penetrance of haltere to wing transformations and notal transformations. The penetrance of these phenotypes is significantly enhanced by heterozygosity for Df(2R)Δ18.

(Schwendemann and Lehmann, 2002)

45% of Pc³/Trl^R85 double heterozygotes have extra sex combs (on the 2nd or 3rd leg) and 25% of Pc³/Trl^R85 double heterozygotes show transformation of antenna to leg. 11% of Trl^R85/+ ; pho¹/+ double heterozygotes have extra sex combs (on the 2nd or 3rd leg) but they do not show transformation of antenna to leg.

(Busturia et al., 2001)

corto⁴²⁰ Trl^R85 double heterozygotes give a higher percentage of postpronotum defects than expected for an additive phenotype, indicating a synergistic interaction.

(Lopez et al., 2001)

Double heterozygotes with ash1²², trx^B11 or brm² show T3 to T2 transformations.

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

Trl^R85/Trl^ex15 is rescued by Trl^{Hsp83.GAGA-519}

(Dorogova et al., 2014)

Trl³⁶²/Trl^R85 is rescued by Trl^{Hsp83.GAGA-519}

(Dorogova et al., 2014)

Trl^R85/Trl^en82 is rescued by Trl^{Hsp83.GAGA-581}

(Ogienko et al., 2008)

Trl^R85/Trl^en82 is rescued by Trl^{Hsp83.GAGA-519}

(Ogienko et al., 2008)

Not rescued by

Trl^R85/Trl⁶² is not rescued by Trl^hs.PG

(Granok et al., 2001)

Trl^R85 is not rescued by Trl^hs.PG

(Granok et al., 2001)

Comments

Expression of Trl^{Hsp83.GAGA-581} rescues the egg chamber phenotypes seen in Trl^en82/Trl^R85 mutant females.

Expression of Trl^{Hsp83.GAGA-519} rescues the egg chamber phenotypes seen in Trl^en82/Trl^R85 mutant females.

(Ogienko et al., 2008)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (0)

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Comments

Attempts to make germ-line clones with this allele failed.

(Liaw et al., 1995)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

Df(3L)Trl^R85

(Ogienko et al., 2008)

DfTrlR85

(Katokhin et al., 2001)

GAGA^TrlR85

(Laney and Biggin, 1996)

R85

(Fedorova et al., 2006, Melnikova et al., 2004)

Trl⁸⁵

(Bengani et al., 2013, Sollars et al., 2003, Hodgson et al., 2001)

Trl^R85

(Ponrathnam et al., 2021, Ogienko et al., 2020, Arbouzova et al., 2019, Ueberschär et al., 2019, Karagodin et al., 2016, Singh and Mishra, 2015, Dorogova et al., 2014, Vasanthi et al., 2013, Nakayama et al., 2012, Sultana et al., 2011, Chen et al., 2009, Chopra et al., 2008, Fujioka et al., 2008, González et al., 2008, Ogienko et al., 2008)

Trl^ΔR85

(Sass and Henikoff, 1998)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (44)

Report Sections

Open Close