FB2024_04 , released June 25, 2024
Aberration: Dmel\In(1)wm4
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General Information
Symbol
In(1)wm4
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Inversion (1) white-mottled
FlyBase ID
FBab0004257
Feature type
chromosomal_inversion
Also Known As
wm4, wm4e, In(1)wm4
Computed Breakpoints include

3C2;h28

Sequence coordinates
X:2,766,979..2,768,245 (In(1)w[m4]:bk1)
(Vogel et al., 2009)
Member of large scale dataset(s)
Nature of Aberration
Cytological Order
Progenitor
Mutagen
X ray
Class of aberration (relative to wild type)
chromosomal_inversion
(FlyBase, 2007)
Class of aberration (relative to progenitor)
chromosomal_inversion
(The Moscow Regional Drosophila melanogaster Stock Center, Dubna, Tartof et al., 1984, Slobodyanyuk and Serov, 1983, Gersh, 1967)
Breakpoints

3C2;20B

(Gersh, 1967)

3C1-3C2;20A

(Slobodyanyuk and Serov, 1983)

3C1-3C2;h28

(Tartof et al., 1984)

3C2-3C3;20B

(The Moscow Regional Drosophila melanogaster Stock Center, Dubna)
Causes alleles
Carries alleles
Transposon Insertions
Formalized genetic data

l(1)2Ea << bk1 << w << CR << bk2

Genetic mapping information
Comments

Breakpoint reported to map between R5 cordinates X:2661012 and X:2662278 .

(Vogel et al., 2009)

Breakpoint(s) molecularly mapped

(Pirrotta et al., 1983)

Left (3C1-2) breakpoint at -24.5 kb in the restriction map of the w locus (0 point at site of the copia insertion in wa); right (20F) breakpoint near 5' end of a Type I mobile element (Tartof et al., 1984). Left breakpoint less than 3kb distal to the w-a copia insertion (Pirrotta et al., 1983).

Comments on Cytology

Distal inversion breakpoint is ~20kb from the 3' end of the w locus, the proximal inversion breakpoint is within centric heterochromatin distal to bb. Heterochromatic breakpoint is flanked by a Type I mobile element (FBrf0040503).

(Judd, 1995)

Proximal breakpoint defines the distal boundary of the bb locus.

(Appels and Hilliker, 1982)

Proximal breakpoint is approximate. The distal breakpoint is to the left of w and the proximal breakpoint is to the left of bb.

(Gersh, 1967)

Limits of break 1 from polytene analysis (FBrf0018623) Limits of break 2 from polytene analysis (FBrf0040503)

Sequence Crossreferences
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank
DNA sequence
Protein sequence
Gene Deletion and Duplication Data
Genes Deleted / Disrupted
Complementation Data
Completely deleted / disrupted
Partially deleted / disrupted
Molecular Data
Completely deleted
Partially deleted
Genes NOT Deleted / Disrupted
Complementation Data
 
Molecular Data
 
Genes Duplicated
Complementation Data
Completely duplicated
Partially duplicated
Molecular Data
Completely duplicated
Partially duplicated
Genes NOT Duplicated
Complementation Data
 
Molecular Data
 
Affected Genes Inferred by Location
    Phenotypic Data
    In combination with other aberrations

    The X heterochromatin in Dp(1)A140 appears to suppress the eye colour variegation phenotype of In(1)wm4.

    (Berloco et al., 2014)

    The X heterochromatin in Dp(1;f)1173 appears to suppress the eye colour variegation phenotype of In(1)wm4.

    (Berloco et al., 2014)

    The X heterochromatin in Dp(1;f)1187 appears to suppress the eye colour variegation phenotype of In(1)wm4.

    (Berloco et al., 2014)

    The X heterochromatin in Dp(1;f)1205 appears to suppress the eye colour variegation phenotype of In(1)wm4.

    (Berloco et al., 2014)

    The X heterochromatin in Dp(1;f)1346 appears to suppress the eye colour variegation phenotype of In(1)wm4.

    (Berloco et al., 2014)

    The autosomal heterochromatin in Dp(2;f)e51 appears to suppress the eye colour variegation phenotype of In(1)wm4.

    (Berloco et al., 2014)

    The autosomal heterochromatin in Dp(2;f)e58 appears to suppress the eye colour variegation phenotype of In(1)wm4.

    (Berloco et al., 2014)

    The autosomal heterochromatin in Dp(2;f)e97 appears to suppress the eye colour variegation phenotype of In(1)wm4.

    (Berloco et al., 2014)

    The position effect variegation (PEV) at the w locus seen in the In(1)wm4 chromosome is suppressed if males are also carrying one of Df(Y)bb-465, Df(Y)bb-76, Df(Y)l-481, Df(Y)l-498, Df(Y)l-510 or Df(Y)l-473.

    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)

    Df(3L)Aprt-21 dominantly enhances the position effect variegation of the w gene caused by In(1)wm4.

    (Nakayama et al., 2007)

    The position effect variegation of the w gene seen in In(1)wm4 flies is partially suppressed by one copy of Df(2L)DS5 or Df(2L)DS6.

    (Ner et al., 2002)

    The position effect variegation of w seen in In(1)wm4 is suppressed by one copy of Df(3R)crb-F89-4.

    (Shareef et al., 2001)

    Variegation is not affected by Df(2R)pk-sple-51/+, Df(2R)nap2/+, Df(2R)sple-D2/+, Df(2R)sple-D1/+, Df(2R)pk30/+ or Df(2R)pk30/Df(2R)pk30/+.

    (Green et al., 2000)

    Position effect variegation (PEV) at the w locus caused by In(1)wm4 is dominantly enhanced by Dp(2;2)Mdh and suppressed by Df(2R)en-A or Df(2R)en-SFX31.

    (Sinclair et al., 1998)

    The position effect variegation at the w locus caused by In(1)wm4 is suppressed by Df(3R)Ace-HD1.

    (Cleard et al., 1997)

    The position effect variegation of w caused by In(1)wm4 is enhanced by Df(2L)cl-h1 and Df(2L)cl-h4. This phenotype is suppressed by Hel25E+t4.5; the level of variegation seen in In(1)wm4 ; Df(2L)cl-h4/Hel25E+t4.5 flies is the same as seen in In(1)wm4/+ flies.

    (Eberl et al., 1997)

    The position effect variegation of Sb caused by T(2;3)SbV is suppressed by In(1)wm4. The T(2;3)SbV chromosome may have a slight suppressing effect on the variegation of w caused by In(1)wm4 in males.

    (Lloyd et al., 1997)
    NOT in combination with other aberrations

    A notable enhancement of position effect variegation in observed in the presence of B chromosomes, small, heterochromatic chromosomes that are transmitted in a non-Mendelian manner.

    (Bauerly et al., 2014)

    In(1)wm4 silences w expression in most cells of the eye, leading to a variegated eye colour much lighter than normal.

    (Zhu et al., 2008)

    Tn10\tetRey.3.5.T:Hsim\VP16-mediated expression of Hsap\HMGA1MATH20.tetO in In(1)wm4 flies results in significant derepression of the w gene and a general loss of the variegating phenotype. Tetracycline treatment inhibits Hsap\HMGA1MATH20.tetO-induced suppression of PEV. Tn10\tetRey.3.5.T:Hsim\VP16-mediated expression of Hsap\HMGA1MATH11.tetO in In(1)wm4 flies results in no significant derepression of the w gene, no loss of the variegating phenotype.

    (Girard et al., 1998)

    The position effect variegation at the w locus caused by In(1)wm4 is enhanced by Su(var)3-7+t6.5.

    (Cleard et al., 1997)

    HDAC115-1 enhances the variegation of w in In(1)wm4 flies and in 5-10% of the eyes patches of ommatidia show disorganisation characteristic of the rst mutation (enhancement of variegation allows the silencing to spread past the w locus to inactivate rst in a fraction of the cells).

    (De Rubertis et al., 1996)

    Variegated eye phenotype is enhanced in the presence of mod(mdg4)ul, mod(mdg4)u2 and mod(mdg4)B2, eyes appear yellow with orange spots. In the presence of su(Hw)MC the phenotype is no longer enhanced and the eye phenotype returns to wild type. These results indicate that the variegating phenotype is caused by the su(Hw) protein.

    (Gerasimova et al., 1995)

    z+ In(1)wm4 flies reared at 25oC have dark red/brown mottled eyes. z1 In(1)wm4 males and females have fewer red/brown patches on a lighter background, paired copies of In(1)wm4 are not repressed to z eye colour (lemon yellow). Repression of In(1)wm4 by z1 cannot be restored by Su(var)205. zv77h In(1)wm4 females and males have almost bleached white eye colour with a few scattered red facets, Su(var)205 only moderately suppresses PEV.

    (Judd, 1995)

    Wowγb, Wowγe and Wowhd1 act as suppressors of variegation of w in In(1)wm4.

    (Birchler et al., 1994)

    The position effect variegation caused by In(1)wm4 is dominantly suppressed by Su(z)121.

    (Birve and Rasmuson-Lestander, 1994)

    Carnitine compounds (L-Carnitine, L-Acetylcarnitine and L-Propionylcarnitine) show a significant suppression on w variegation. Butyrate gives a weaker suppression. In males the suppression effect of the compounds was seen at all concentrations, but in females the effect is weak and is only seen with high concentrations.

    (Fanti et al., 1994)

    In(1)wm4 flies show position effect variegation at the w locus, at 23oC the phenotype varies from a sectored red and white eye to a red eye peppered with small flecks of red and brown pigmented ommatidia.

    (Locke et al., 1988)

    Eyes have a "sectored" phenotype - ommatidia are either fully pigmented or not pigmented at all.

    (Tartof et al., 1984)

    Enhances the expression of PgdA in larvae and adults.

    (Slobodyanyuk and Serov, 1983)

    Males and homozygous females are viable and fertile.

    (Lefevre and Wilkins, 1966)
    Stocks (22)
    Notes on Origin
    Discoverer

    Muller, 1929.

     
    Balancer / Genotype Variants of the Aberration
     
    Separable Components
     
    Other Comments
     

    The presence of a variegating chromosome and a modifier chromosome in the same parental genome can alter the amount the amount of variegation formed in the progeny. The genomic imprinting is not determined by the parental origin of the variegating chromosome but is instead determined by the genetic background the variegating chromosome is subjected to during gametogenesis.

    (Bishop and Jackson, 1996)

    w transvection is eliminated by PEV.

    (Judd, 1995)

    X ray-induced revertants of In(1)wm4 may or may not carry a segment of flanking heterochromatin: variegation is not controlled from immediately adjacent heterochromatic sequences at the euchromatin/ heterochromatin border but from a site more internal to the heterochromatin domain.

    (Tartof et al., 1989)

    A strongly variegating line has been designated In(1)wm4h.

    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (17)
    Reported As
    Symbol Synonym
    In(1)wm4
    (Gonzy et al., 2002)
    In(1)w-m4
    In(1)wm4
    (Delanoue et al., 2023, Fresán et al., 2020, Seong et al., 2020, Derkacheva et al., 2016, Hong and Choi, 2016, Verboon et al., 2015, Alekseyenko et al., 2014, Alekseyenko et al., 2014, Bauerly et al., 2014, Berloco et al., 2014, McCracken and Locke, 2014, Lim and Kelley, 2013, Prabhakaran and Kelley, 2012, Di Stefano et al., 2011, Sameny et al., 2011, Seong et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Macdonald et al., 2010, Prabhakaran and Kelley, 2010, Schneiderman et al., 2010, Phalke et al., 2009, Schneiderman et al., 2009, Vogel et al., 2009, Weiler and Chatterjee, 2009, Doheny et al., 2008, Schwendemann et al., 2008, Zhu et al., 2008, Nakayama et al., 2007, Lerach et al., 2006, Lloyd et al., 2003)
    In(1)whitem4
    (Shalaby et al., 2017)
    In(1)wm4
    (Prozzillo et al., 2021, Larson et al., 2012, Boivin and Dura, 1998)
    In(1)y1wm4
    (Li et al., 2017)
    In1wm4
    (Kaye et al., 2018)
    ln(1)white m4
    (Han et al., 2023)
    m4
    (Slobodyanyuk and Serov, 1983)
    w4-2880
    (Donaldson et al., 2002)
    wm4
    (Seong et al., 2020, Yao et al., 2018, McElroy et al., 2017, McCracken and Locke, 2016, Alekseyenko et al., 2014, McCracken and Locke, 2014, Nakayama et al., 2012, Seong et al., 2011, Schneiderman et al., 2010, Fagegaltier et al., 2009, Paredes and Maggert, 2009, Smolik, 2009, Vogel et al., 2009, Doheny et al., 2008, Zhu et al., 2008, Maines et al., 2007, Rudolph et al., 2007, Weiler, 2007, Bao et al., 2006, Lerach et al., 2006, Stephens et al., 2006, Haley et al., 2005, Eggert et al., 2004, McHugh et al., 2004, Weiler, 2004, Badugu et al., 2003, Lloyd et al., 2003, Malmanche and Clark, 2003, Mason et al., 2002, Schotta et al., 2002, Tulin et al., 2002, Granok et al., 2001, Mason and Konev, 2001, Reeves, 2001, Shareef et al., 2001, Weiler, 2001, Buchner et al., 2000, Green and Piergentili, 2000, Henikoff and Vermaak, 2000, Janssen et al., 2000, Hart and Laemmli, 1998, Sass and Henikoff, 1998, Sinclair et al., 1998, Bezborodova et al., 1997, Cleard et al., 1997, Larsson and Rasmuson-Lestander, 1997, Lloyd et al., 1997, The Moscow Regional Drosophila melanogaster Stock Center, Dubna, Gdula et al., 1996, Henikoff, 1996, Park and Yamamoto, 1995, Birchler et al., 1994, Moehrle and Paro, 1994, Shaffer et al., 1993, Sinclair et al., 1992, Henikoff, 1990, Spradling and Karpen, 1990, Tartof and Bremer, 1990, Tartof et al., 1984, Lefevre, 1968, Lefevre and Wilkins, 1966)
    wm4e
    (Verboon et al., 2015, Vogel et al., 2009)
    whitem4
    (Sasai et al., 2007, Bornemann et al., 2002)
    wm4
    (Eggert et al., 2003)
    Name Synonyms
    Inversion (1) white-mottled
    white mottled 4
    (McHugh et al., 2004)
    whitemottled4
    (Gvozdev et al., 2000)
    Secondary FlyBase IDs
    • FBal0018268
    References (184)