FB2024_04 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\egr
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\egr
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
eiger
Annotation Symbol
CG12919
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0033483
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
22 publicly available
Gene Summary
eiger (egr) encodes the TNF superfamily ligand that activates the intracellular JNK pathway through its receptor encoded by grnd or wgn. Its roles include cell death, tumor suppression, tumor promotion, growth regulation, host defense, pain sensitization, and nutrient response. [Date last reviewed: 2018-10-11] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

TNF, TNF-α, TNFα, Wengen, Ect1

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
46E1-46E3
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-62
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:10078366..10084210
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (31 terms)
Molecular Function (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:wgn; FB:FBgn0030941
(Kanda et al., 2002)
enables receptor ligand activity
inferred from direct assay
(Palmerini et al., 2021)
enables signaling receptor binding
inferred from direct assay
(Andersen et al., 2015)
enables tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding
inferred from direct assay
(Kanda et al., 2002)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Moreno et al., 2002)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables receptor ligand activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001032094
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables tumor necrosis factor receptor binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR006052
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:11892
(Igaki et al., 2002)
Biological Process (23 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (23 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in apical protein localization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wang et al., 2006)
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect apoptotic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Andersen et al., 2015, Shklover et al., 2015)
inferred from direct assay
(Moreno et al., 2002)
involved_in asymmetric protein localization involved in cell fate determination
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wang et al., 2006)
involved_in cellular response to amino acid starvation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Agrawal et al., 2016)
involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Berkey et al., 2009, Brandt et al., 2004)
involved_in engulfment of apoptotic cell
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Etchegaray et al., 2012)
involved_in glial cell proliferation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kato et al., 2009)
involved_in immune response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Brandt et al., 2004)
involved_in innate immune response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Schneider et al., 2007)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Mabery and Schneider, 2010)
involved_in melanization defense response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bidla et al., 2007)
involved_in negative regulation of multicellular organism growth
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Agrawal et al., 2016)
involved_in negative regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Ank2; FB:FBgn0261788
(Keller et al., 2011)
acts_upstream_of negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Muliyil et al., 2020)
involved_in neuron cellular homeostasis
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Ank2; FB:FBgn0261788
(Keller et al., 2011)
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of apoptotic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Das et al., 2023)
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of cell migration
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ma et al., 2013)
involved_in positive regulation of JNK cascade
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Das et al., 2023, Jaiswal et al., 2023)
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of programmed cell death
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Li et al., 2019, Sun et al., 2019, Wang et al., 2018, Andersen et al., 2015, Chabu and Xu, 2014, Ma et al., 2014, Ma et al., 2013, Ma et al., 2012, Kanda et al., 2011, Geuking et al., 2009, Narasimamurthy et al., 2009, Xue et al., 2007, Geuking et al., 2005, Igaki et al., 2002, Kanda et al., 2002, Moreno et al., 2002)
involved_in positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kanda et al., 2011)
involved_in positive regulation of sensory perception of pain
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Babcock et al., 2009)
involved_in response to tumor cell
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Parisi et al., 2014)
involved_in tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Das et al., 2023, Jaiswal et al., 2023, Li et al., 2019, Sun et al., 2019, de Vreede et al., 2018, Wang et al., 2018, Agrawal et al., 2016, Andersen et al., 2015, Chabu and Xu, 2014, Ma et al., 2014, Ma et al., 2012, Kanda et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2010, Geuking et al., 2009, Narasimamurthy et al., 2009, Xue et al., 2007, Geuking et al., 2005, Kauppila et al., 2003, Igaki et al., 2002, Kanda et al., 2002, Moreno et al., 2002)
involved_in wound healing
inferred from expression pattern
(Jaiswal et al., 2023)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in immune response
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR006052
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in extracellular space
inferred from direct assay
(Agrawal et al., 2016)
inferred from direct assay
(Moreno et al., 2002)
is_active_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Ma et al., 2014, Igaki et al., 2009, Igaki et al., 2002)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Shklover et al., 2015)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in extracellular space
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001032094
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in membrane
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR006052
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. (Q8MUJ1)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
eiger (egr) encodes the TNF superfamily ligand that activates the intracellular JNK pathway through its receptor encoded by grnd or wgn. Its roles include cell death, tumor suppression, tumor promotion, growth regulation, host defense, pain sensitization, and nutrient response. [Date last reviewed: 2018-10-11]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
UNCLASSIFIED RECEPTOR LIGANDS -
This group comprises receptor ligands that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.
Pathway (FlyBase)
TNFα-Eiger Signaling Pathway Core Components -
The Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) signaling pathway is activated by Eiger (egr) binding to a member of the TNF receptor superfamily. The signal is primarily transduced via the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) cascade, leading to cell death. (Adapted from FBrf0225608.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Cytokine which acts as a ligand for wgn (PubMed:12894227). Also acts as a ligand for grnd (PubMed:25874673). Induces apoptosis by triggering JNK signaling (PubMed:12065414, PubMed:12176339, PubMed:12894227). Required for JNK-dependent non-autonomous apoptosis through release from apoptotic cells and activation of apoptosis in neighboring cells (PubMed:24066226). Required for JNK-independent damage-induced apoptosis in the embryonic central nervous system through regulation of the pro-apoptotic gene hid (PubMed:25754009). Involved in the innate immune response to extracellular pathogens (PubMed:17381241). Plays a role in the melanization immune response through its involvement in the rupture of crystal cells and subsequent release of prophenoloxidase (PubMed:17356067). Following UV-induced epidermal damage, released from apoptotic epidermal cells, binds to the wgn receptor on nociceptive sensory neurons and plays a role in development of thermal allodynia, a responsiveness to subthreshold thermal stimuli which are not normally perceived as noxious (PubMed:19375319). Involved in glial cell division induced by neuronal programmed cell death and injury (PubMed:19019992). Has tumor suppressor activity and eliminates oncogenic cells from epithelia, thereby maintaining epithelial integrity (PubMed:19289090).
(UniProt, Q8MUJ1)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

TNF superfamily; type II membrane protein - ligand of Wengen that induces cell death by activating the JNK pathway

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\egr for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q8MUJ1)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
egr-RA
FBtr0088405
NM_165735
2166
415
egr-RB
FBtr0088406
NM_206069
2148
409
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
egr-PA
FBpp0087493
46.9
415
5.63
Q8MUJ1
NP_724878
AAF58848
egr-PB
FBpp0087494
46.3
409
5.74
NP_995791
AAS64883
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Post Translational Modification

N-glycosylated.

The soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing.

(UniProt, Q8MUJ1)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\egr using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.02

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 5
organism | dorsal
(Kauppila et al., 2003)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
anterior endoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain anlage in statu nascendi
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
antennal anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 5
dorsal ectoderm anlage
(Stathopoulos et al., 2002)
organism | dorsal
(Maezawa et al., 2009)
embryonic stage 6 -- 8
amnioserosa anlage
(Kauppila et al., 2003)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
amnioserosa anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9
primordial germ cell
(Maezawa et al., 2009)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
amnioserosa primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 12
neurogenic region | segmentally repeated
(Kauppila et al., 2003)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
amnioserosa
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
larval foregut atrium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ridge
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic head epidermis

Comment: reported as procephalon

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval brain

Comment: reported as procephalon

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 15 -- 16
larval ventral nerve cord | restricted
(Kauppila et al., 2003)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage -- adult stage
organism
(Kauppila et al., 2003)
Additional Descriptive Data

During germ band extension, egr is expressed in the neurogenic region, apposed the expression of wgn in the mesoderm. At embryonic stage 15-16, egr is expressed in a subset of cells in the condensing nerve cord.

(Kauppila et al., 2003)

eiger is expressed in the dorsal region of the embryo corresponding to the presumptive dorsal ectoderm.

(Stathopoulos et al., 2002)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 9
primordial germ cell
(Maezawa et al., 2009)
third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval wrapping glial cell | subset
(Keller et al., 2011)
embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | restricted
(Keller et al., 2011)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in extracellular space
inferred from direct assay
(Agrawal et al., 2016)
inferred from direct assay
(Moreno et al., 2002)
is_active_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Ma et al., 2014, Igaki et al., 2009, Igaki et al., 2002)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Shklover et al., 2015)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{GAL4}egrGAL4
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval wrapping glial cell | subset
(Keller et al., 2011)
Reporter: P{ST.lexA::HG}SE315
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval gut
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\egr in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 18 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 29 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of egr
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of egr
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
FlyBase_internaltransgene_features:cell lethal:cell lethal | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
partially lethal - majority die | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
partially lethal - majority live | temperature conditional, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4rn-GAL4-5
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cell death | adult stage | nutrition conditional
abnormal cell migration | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
abnormal cell migration | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
abnormal cell migration | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
abnormal feeding behavior, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
abnormal feeding behavior, with Scer\GAL4Lsp2.PH
abnormal feeding behavior (with egr1)
abnormal feeding behavior (with egr3)
abnormal immune response
abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4Lsp2.PH
abnormal immune response | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
abnormal immune response | adult stage (with egr1)
abnormal immune response | adult stage (with egr3)
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage | progressive
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage | conditional
abnormal size, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
abnormal size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
abnormal size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
abnormal size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
abnormal size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4sd-SG29.1
abnormal starvation stress response | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PP
decreased cell death | embryonic stage | conditional
decreased cell number | adult stage | progressive
decreased occurrence of cell division | embryonic stage 13 | conditional
decreased occurrence of cell division | embryonic stage 13 | conditional, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
decreased size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
decreased size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
decreased size | adult stage | somatic clone, with Ecol\lexADBD.R85E08, Hsap\RELAAD.Hsp70
decreased size | adult stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4rn-GAL4
increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4C-765
increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4FRT.Act5C
increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4rn-GAL4-5
increased cell death | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
increased cell death | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
increased cell death | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
increased cell death | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4dpp.PU
increased cell death | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
increased cell death | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
increased cell death | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4rn-GAL4-5
increased cell number | embryonic stage | conditional
increased cell number | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Hand.Δ
majority die during P-stage | male limited, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
neoplasia | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
some die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr.PU
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4bbg-C96
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.long
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PFa
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4rn-GAL4-5
visible | adult stage | somatic clone, with Ecol\lexADBD.R85E08, Hsap\RELAAD.Hsp70
visible | adult stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4rn-GAL4
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult abdomen, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
anterior crossvein | absent, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
anterior crossvein | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
egg chamber | nutrition conditional
embryonic/larval crystal cell | increased number | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Hand.Δ
embryonic/larval hemolymph | third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval hemolymph | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4He.PZ
embryonic/larval optic stalk, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
embryonic/larval plasmatocyte, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
embryonic/larval salivary gland | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
eye, with Scer\GAL4FRT.Act5C
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.long
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PFa
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
eye | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
eye-antennal disc, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
eye-antennal disc | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
eye disc morphogenetic furrow | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
eye photoreceptor cell | decreased number
eye photoreceptor cell | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
follicle cell | nutrition conditional
larval ventral nerve cord | embryonic stage | conditional
lipid droplet | adult stage | increased number
lipid droplet | adult stage | increased number, with Scer\GAL4sv.PJ
macrochaeta & mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
macrochaeta & scutellum, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
male genitalia, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
neuron | embryonic stage | conditional
ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
retina
retina, with Scer\GAL4sv.PJ
scutellar bristle | decreased number, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
scutellum, with Scer\GAL4pnr.PU
scutellum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
ventral furrow, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG
ventral midline of embryo | embryonic stage 13 | conditional
wing, with Scer\GAL4bbg-C96
wing, with Scer\GAL4C-765
wing, with Scer\GAL4vg.PM
wing | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4rn-GAL4-5
wing | somatic clone, with Ecol\lexADBD.R85E08, Hsap\RELAAD.Hsp70
wing | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4rn-GAL4
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
wing disc, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
wing disc, with Scer\GAL4sd-SG29.1
wing disc | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Ubx.PdC
wing disc | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing disc | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4dpp.PU
wing disc | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4rn-GAL4-5
wing margin, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (7)
Hsap\EDA
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\TNFSF13
3 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TNFSF12
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TNFSF12-TNFSF13
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TNFSF13B
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TNF
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TNFSF11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (8)
Rnor\Eda
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Tnfsf13
3 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tnfsf12
2 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tnfsf13b
2 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Cd40lg
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tnf
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tnfsf11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tnfsf14
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (8)
Mmus\Eda
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Tnfsf13
3 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tnfsf12
2 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tnfsf13b
2 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Cd40lg
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tnf
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tnfsf11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tnfsf14
1 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
Xtro\LOC101730941
5 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\eda
2 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\ltb
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\tnfsf13b
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (7)
Drer\eda
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\tnfsf13
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tnfsf12
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tnfsf13b
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\cd40lg
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tnfa
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tnfsf14
1 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006771
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:egr. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 5 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
EDA; ectodysplasin A
model of  tooth agenesis
IEA
(FlyBase, 2019-)
model of  ectodermal dysplasia 1
IEA
(FlyBase, 2019-)
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 9 )
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
EDA; ectodysplasin A
4 of 14
300451
TNFSF13; TNF superfamily member 13
3 of 14
604472
      Functional Complementation Data
      Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
      Interactions
      Summary of Physical Interactions
      Summary of Genetic Interactions
      esyN Network Diagram
      Show/hide secondary interactors 
      (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
      esyN Network Key:
      Suppression
      Enhancement
      Other Interaction Browsers
      View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
      Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      POSH|egr
      enhanceable
      Akt
      (Tsuda et al., 2010)
      POSH|egr
      suppressible
      Akt
      (Tsuda et al., 2010)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Akt|POSH
      (Tsuda et al., 2010)
      egr
      suppressible
      Apc2
      (Zhang et al., 2015)
      egr
      suppressible
      apt
      (Harris et al., 2020)
      egr
      suppressible
      arm
      (Zhang et al., 2015)
      egr
      enhanceable
      aspr
      (Harris et al., 2020)
      egr
      suppressible
      ben
      (Ma et al., 2014)
      egr
      suppressible
      bsk
      (Velentzas et al., 2018, Ren et al., 2017, Zhang et al., 2015, Ma et al., 2012, Mathew et al., 2011, Geuking et al., 2005, Igaki et al., 2002, Moreno et al., 2002)
      egr|CtBP
      suppressible
      bsk
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      suppressible
      Cat
      (Yang et al., 2013)
      upd1|egr
      enhanceable
      CtBP
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr|Ilp8
      enhanceable
      CtBP
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      enhanceable
      CtBP
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr|mirr
      enhanceable
      CtBP
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      suppressible
      CYLD
      (Xue et al., 2007)
      egr
      suppressible
      Cyt-c-d
      (Yang et al., 2013)
      egr
      suppressible
      Dark
      (Moreno et al., 2002)
      egr
      suppressible
      Diap1
      (Ma et al., 2012, Portela et al., 2010, Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009, Igaki et al., 2002, Moreno et al., 2002)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Diap1
      (Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009, Igaki et al., 2002)
      egr
      suppressible
      Dronc
      (Ma et al., 2012, Igaki et al., 2002, Moreno et al., 2002)
      egr
      suppressible
      dsh
      (Zhang et al., 2015)
      egr
      enhanceable
      ebi
      (Lim et al., 2012)
      egr
      suppressible
      Edem1
      (Pathak and Varghese, 2021)
      egr
      suppressible
      esc
      (Harris et al., 2020)
      egr
      enhanceable
      fmt
      (Ma et al., 2017)
      egr
      suppressible
      G56
      (Geuking et al., 2005)
      egr
      suppressible
      G87
      (Geuking et al., 2005)
      egr
      suppressible
      Glyat
      (Ren et al., 2017)
      egr
      suppressible
      grnd
      (Andersen et al., 2015)
      egr
      suppressible
      Gtpx
      (Yang et al., 2013)
      egr
      suppressible
      hep
      (Sun et al., 2019, Geuking et al., 2009, Polaski et al., 2006, Igaki et al., 2002)
      egr|CtBP
      suppressible
      hep
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      suppressible
      hid
      (Rhiner et al., 2010)
      egr
      suppressible
      hrm
      (Velentzas et al., 2018)
      egr
      suppressible
      Hsp60D
      (Arya and Lakhotia, 2008)
      egr
      suppressible
      HUWE1
      (Yanku et al., 2018)
      CtBP|egr
      suppressible
      Ilp8
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      CtBP|egr
      enhanceable
      Ilp8
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Ire1
      (Zheng et al., 2023)
      egr
      suppressible
      kay
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr|CtBP
      suppressible
      kay
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      suppressible
      lic
      (Sun et al., 2019)
      egr
      suppressible
      lic|hep
      (Sun et al., 2019)
      egr
      suppressible
      lncRNA:Hsrω
      (Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009)
      Diap1|egr
      suppressible
      lncRNA:Hsrω
      (Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009)
      egr
      enhanceable
      lncRNA:Hsrω
      (Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009)
      puc|egr
      suppressible
      lncRNA:Hsrω
      (Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Lrrk
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      suppressible
      Lrrk
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Marf
      (Yang et al., 2013)
      egr|CtBP
      enhanceable
      mirr
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      suppressible
      Mkk4
      (Geuking et al., 2009)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Mmp1
      (Harris et al., 2020)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Mnat9
      (Mok and Choi, 2021)
      egr
      suppressible
      msn
      (Igaki et al., 2002, Moreno et al., 2002)
      egr
      suppressible
      Mtl|Rac1|Rac2
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      suppressible
      Myc
      (Harris et al., 2020)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Myc
      (Harris et al., 2020)
      egr
      suppressible
      nopo
      (Ma et al., 2012)
      egr
      suppressible
      pan
      (Zhang et al., 2019, Zhang et al., 2015)
      egr
      suppressible
      POSH
      (Tsuda et al., 2010, Zhang et al., 2010)
      egr
      enhanceable
      POSH
      (Tsuda et al., 2010)
      egr
      suppressible
      POSH|Rel
      (Tsuda et al., 2010)
      egr
      enhanceable
      PpV
      (Ma et al., 2017)
      egr
      enhanceable
      PpV|fmt
      (Ma et al., 2017)
      egr
      suppressible
      PpV|fmt
      (Ma et al., 2017)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Pten
      (Tsuda et al., 2010)
      POSH|egr
      suppressible
      Pten
      (Tsuda et al., 2010)
      egr
      suppressible
      puc
      (Andersen et al., 2015, Ma et al., 2012, Narasimamurthy et al., 2009, Moreno et al., 2002)
      egr
      enhanceable
      puc
      (Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009, Moreno et al., 2002)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Rab5
      (Igaki et al., 2009)
      egr
      suppressible
      Rab7
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Rab7
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      suppressible
      Rab21
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Rab21
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Rac1
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      suppressible
      Rac1
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Rel
      (Tsuda et al., 2010)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Rho1
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      suppressible
      rpr
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      CtBP|egr
      suppressible
      rpr
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      suppressible
      sgg
      (Zhang et al., 2015)
      egr
      suppressible
      slpr::Tak1
      (Stronach et al., 2014)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Sos
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      suppressible
      spoon
      (Das et al., 2023)
      egr
      enhanceable
      spoon
      (Das et al., 2023)
      egr
      suppressible
      Tab2
      (Geuking et al., 2005)
      egr
      suppressible
      Tace
      (Chabu and Xu, 2014)
      egr|bsk
      enhanceable
      Tace
      (Chabu and Xu, 2014)
      egr
      suppressible
      Tak1
      (Andersen et al., 2015, Stronach et al., 2014, Ma et al., 2012, Narasimamurthy et al., 2009, Polaski et al., 2006, Geuking et al., 2005, Igaki et al., 2002)
      egr
      suppressible
      Toll-7
      (Ding et al., 2022)
      egr
      suppressible
      Traf6
      (Andersen et al., 2015, Ma et al., 2012, Xue et al., 2007)
      egr
      suppressible
      Uba1
      (Pfleger et al., 2007)
      egr
      suppressible
      Uev1A
      (Ma et al., 2013)
      egr|CtBP
      enhanceable
      upd1
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr|CtBP
      suppressible
      upd2
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr|CtBP
      suppressible
      upd2|upd3
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr|CtBP
      suppressible
      upd3
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      suppressible
      Vav
      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      egr
      suppressible
      wal
      (Yang et al., 2013)
      egr
      suppressible
      wg
      (Zhang et al., 2019, Zhang et al., 2015)
      egr
      enhanceable
      wg
      (Harris et al., 2020)
      CtBP|egr
      suppressible
      wg
      (Worley et al., 2018)
      egr
      suppressible
      wgn
      (Kanda et al., 2002)
      egr
      enhanceable
      Xbp1
      (Zheng et al., 2023)
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      Akt
      suppressible
      egr
      (Tsuda et al., 2010)
      Alg3
      enhanceable
      egr
      (de Vreede et al., 2018)
      Alg3
      suppressible
      egr
      (de Vreede et al., 2018)
      Ank2
      suppressible
      egr
      (Keller et al., 2011)
      dlg1
      enhanceable
      egr
      (Parisi et al., 2014)
      dlg1
      suppressible
      egr
      (Parisi et al., 2014)
      dlg1
      enhanceable
      egr|Tl
      (Parisi et al., 2014)
      Edem1
      suppressible
      egr
      (Pathak and Varghese, 2021)
      hid
      suppressible
      egr
      (Shklover et al., 2015)
      Hipk
      suppressible
      egr
      (Blaquiere et al., 2018)
      Hipk
      enhanceable
      egr
      (Blaquiere et al., 2018)
      Mnat9
      suppressible
      egr
      (Mok and Choi, 2021)
      Mnat9
      enhanceable
      egr
      (Mok and Choi, 2021)
      Noc1
      suppressible
      egr
      (Mirzoyan et al., 2023)
      Pi3K92E|btl::Egfr
      suppressible
      egr
      (Portela et al., 2019)
      Rab11
      enhanceable
      egr
      (Tiwari and Roy, 2009)
      Ras85D
      suppressible
      egr
      (Chabu and Xu, 2014, Wu et al., 2009)
      Ras85D|shg
      enhanceable
      egr
      (Igaki et al., 2006)
      Ras85D|Uba1
      suppressible
      egr
      (Yan et al., 2009)
      Ras85D|scrib
      suppressible
      egr
      (Katheder et al., 2017, Andersen et al., 2015)
      Rok
      suppressible
      egr
      (Khoo et al., 2013)
      RpS3|yki
      suppressible
      egr
      (Wada et al., 2021)
      scrib
      suppressible
      egr
      (Parisi et al., 2014, Khoo et al., 2013, Igaki et al., 2009)
      scrib
      enhanceable
      egr
      (Ohsawa et al., 2011)
      Strip
      suppressible
      egr
      (La Marca et al., 2019)
      Toll-7
      suppressible
      egr
      (Ding et al., 2022)
      Vha44
      suppressible
      egr
      (Petzoldt et al., 2013)
      vtd
      suppressible
      egr
      (Liu et al., 2015)
      External Data
      Linkouts
      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      Pathways
      Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
      TNFα-Eiger Signaling Pathway Core Components -
      The Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) signaling pathway is activated by Eiger (egr) binding to a member of the TNF receptor superfamily. The signal is primarily transduced via the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) cascade, leading to cell death. (Adapted from FBrf0225608.)
      Metabolic Pathways
      External Data
      Linkouts
      KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
      Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
      Chromosome (arm)
      2R
      Recombination map
      2-62
      Cytogenetic map
      46E1-46E3
      Sequence location
      FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Evidence for location
      46E1-46E3
      Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Adamk13906&P{EP}Pka-R2EP2162 and P{PZ}14-3-3ζ07103
      Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Notes
      References
      Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
      Location

      2-62

      (FlyBase, 2016)

      2-60.2

      (Comeron et al., 2012)
      Left of (cM)
      Right of (cM)
      Notes
      Stocks and Reagents
      Stocks (22)
      Genomic Clones (23)
      cDNA Clones (44)
       

      Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

      cDNA clones, fully sequenced
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       

      monoclonal

      (Ruan et al., 2016)
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Gene expression is increased in response to the presence of two copies of Scer\GAL4hs.PB.

          (Liu and Lehmann, 2008)

          egr is a physiological ligand for the JNK pathway.

          (Igaki et al., 2002)

          egr can induce inhibitor-of-apoptosis (IAP)-sensitive cell death through the activation of the JNK pathway.

          (Igaki et al., 2002)
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of

          Source for merge of: egr BcDNA:RH51659

          (FlyBase, 1996-)
          Additional comments

          scaRNA:46E3 is located in intron of egr, on the opposite strand.

          (Tortoriello et al., 2009)

          Source for identity of eiger CG12919 was sequence comparison ( date:020710 ).

          (FlyBase, 1996-)

          Source for merge of egr BcDNA:RH51659 was a shared cDNA ( date:030728 ).

          (FlyBase, 1996-)
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: eiger CG12919

          (FlyBase, 1996-)
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology

          "eiger" stands for EDA-like cell death trigger.

          (Igaki et al., 2002)

          The protein is named "Eiger", in memory of the numerous mountaineers that have been killed by the Eiger Nordwand, the "wall of death".

          (Moreno et al., 2002)
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (22)
          Reported As
          Symbol Synonym
          BcDNA:RH51659
          CG12919
          (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Aradska et al., 2015, Ghimire and Kim, 2015, Walls et al., 2013, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Tortoriello et al., 2009, Grieder et al., 2007, Kai et al., 2005, Lee et al., 2003, Igaki et al., 2002)
          EGR
          (Nagai et al., 2021, Jackson et al., 2020)
          EIGER
          (Ismaila et al., 2024)
          Ect1
          (Stathopoulos and Levine, 2004, Stathopoulos et al., 2002)
          Egr
          (Colombani and Andersen, 2023, Krejčová et al., 2023, Li et al., 2023, Ratnaparkhi and Sudhakaran, 2022, Xu et al., 2022, Yu et al., 2022, Alvarez-Ochoa et al., 2021, Bilder et al., 2021, García-López et al., 2021, Herrera and Bach, 2021, Léopold, 2021, Meschi and Delanoue, 2021, Parra-Peralbo et al., 2021, Gerlach and Herranz, 2020, La Marca and Richardson, 2020, Malita and Rewitz, 2020, Texada et al., 2020, Ma et al., 2019, Mirzoyan et al., 2019, Bachtel et al., 2018, de Vreede et al., 2018, Poernbacher and Vincent, 2018, Richardson and Portela, 2018, Wang et al., 2018, Ma et al., 2017, Ren et al., 2017, Wang et al., 2017, Droujinine and Perrimon, 2016, Schimizzi et al., 2016, Toggweiler et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2016, O'Keefe et al., 2015, Wu et al., 2015, Zhang et al., 2015, Amoyel and Bach, 2014, Ma et al., 2014, Bangi, 2013, Khoo et al., 2013, Ma et al., 2012, Mathew et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2010, Wang et al., 2006)
          Eig
          (De Groef et al., 2021)
          Eiger
          (Nagata and Igaki, 2024, Sriskanthadevan-Pirahas et al., 2023, Li and Hidalgo, 2021, Madamanchi et al., 2021, Millet-Boureima et al., 2021, Oliveira et al., 2021, Ahmad et al., 2020, Kanda and Igaki, 2020, Manière et al., 2020, Ahmed-de-Prado and Baonza, 2018, Diwanji and Bergmann, 2018, Dutta et al., 2018, Enomoto et al., 2018, Xu et al., 2018, Padash Barmchi et al., 2016, Enomoto et al., 2015, Enomoto et al., 2015, Ratheesh et al., 2015, Khuong and Neely, 2013)
          Regg1
          (Geuking et al., 2009)
          TNF
          (Rajasekaran et al., 2021, Baker, 2020, Baker, 2017, Feng and Martin, 2015, Su, 2015, Chabu and Xu, 2014, Khoo et al., 2013, Pastor-Pareja and Xu, 2013, Kato et al., 2011)
          TNF-α
          (Ma et al., 2021, Koyama et al., 2020, Sorvina et al., 2020, Lim et al., 2012)
          TNFα
          (Liu et al., 2015, O'Keefe et al., 2015, Shaukat et al., 2015)
          darth
          (Chaudhary, 2002.5.28)
          dt1
          (Inohara, 1999.5.10)
          egr
          (Alaraby et al., 2024, Hersperger et al., 2024, Li et al., 2024, Stanković et al., 2024, Attrill, 2023, Loudhaief et al., 2023, Mirzoyan et al., 2023, Neophytou et al., 2023, O'Farrell et al., 2023, Petsakou et al., 2023, Sharpe et al., 2023, Beghelli et al., 2022, Crucianelli et al., 2022, Ding et al., 2022, Gracia-Latorre et al., 2022, Perlegos et al., 2022, Wu et al., 2022, Buhlman et al., 2021, Everetts et al., 2021, Joy et al., 2021, Klemm et al., 2021, Liang et al., 2021, Michki et al., 2021, Mok and Choi, 2021, Palmerini et al., 2021, Sanhueza et al., 2021, Tatapudy et al., 2021, Wada et al., 2021, Cho et al., 2020, Harris et al., 2020, Krautz et al., 2020, Nakajima et al., 2020, Portela et al., 2020, Zhou et al., 2020, Chang et al., 2019, Fahey-Lozano et al., 2019, Hall et al., 2019, Kockel et al., 2019, La Marca et al., 2019, Li et al., 2019, Luo et al., 2019, Mehta and Singh, 2019, Mishra-Gorur et al., 2019, Nakano et al., 2019, Parvy et al., 2019, Saavedra and Perrimon, 2019, Sanchez et al., 2019, Sun et al., 2019, Wu et al., 2019, Yang et al., 2019, Zhang et al., 2019, Zhang et al., 2019, Zhu et al., 2019, Cong et al., 2018, Doupé et al., 2018, Jia et al., 2018, Li et al., 2018, Lopez et al., 2018, Mondal et al., 2018, Parvy et al., 2018, Paul et al., 2018, Vanderheyden et al., 2018, Velentzas et al., 2018, Bastos et al., 2017, Katheder et al., 2017, Lee et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Agrawal et al., 2016, Fogarty et al., 2016, Harris et al., 2016, Kashio et al., 2016, Lim and Tsuda, 2016, Mao et al., 2016, Ruan et al., 2016, Sarov et al., 2016, Toggweiler et al., 2016, Xu et al., 2016, Andersen et al., 2015, Gene Disruption Project members, 2015-, Kavi et al., 2015, Panneton et al., 2015, Zhang et al., 2015, Taylor et al., 2014, Banerjee et al., 2013, Bangi, 2013, Herrera et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Ma et al., 2013, Petzoldt et al., 2013, Ruan et al., 2013, Saunders et al., 2013, Sun and Irvine, 2013, Chen et al., 2012, Kelsey et al., 2012, Lim et al., 2012, Pallavi et al., 2012, Stevens and Page-McCaw, 2012, van Bergeijk et al., 2012, Grusche et al., 2011, Igboin et al., 2011, Kato et al., 2011, Ohsawa et al., 2011, Sinenko et al., 2011, Cordero et al., 2010, Froldi et al., 2010, Kong et al., 2010, Mabery and Schneider, 2010, Neisch et al., 2010, Portela et al., 2010, Sun et al., 2010, Babcock and Galko, 2009, Berkey et al., 2009, Geuking et al., 2009, Igaki et al., 2009, Maezawa et al., 2009, Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009, Roeder et al., 2009, Tortoriello et al., 2009, Gilchrist et al., 2008, Akdemir et al., 2007, Bidla et al., 2007, Grieder et al., 2007, Peterson et al., 2007, Pfleger et al., 2007, Xue et al., 2007, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Igaki et al., 2006)
          eiger
          (Datta and Bangi, 2024, Floc'hlay et al., 2023, Boumard and Bardin, 2021, Lourido et al., 2021, Nishida et al., 2021, Coelho, 2020, Kato et al., 2018, Agrawal et al., 2016, Shklover et al., 2015, Piccirillo et al., 2014)
          regg1
          (Igaki et al., 2002)
          Name Synonyms
          Drosophila aspartate rich TNF homolog
          (Chaudhary, 2002.5.28)
          Eiger
          (Balakireva et al., 2024, Huang et al., 2024, Krejčová et al., 2024, Yun et al., 2024, Bernardes et al., 2023, Li et al., 2023, Colon-Plaza and Su, 2022, Enomoto and Igaki, 2022, Karanja et al., 2022, Bittern et al., 2021, Cong et al., 2021, De Groef et al., 2021, Dillard et al., 2021, Harnish et al., 2021, Hounsell and Fan, 2021, Mishra et al., 2021, Sanhueza et al., 2021, Sharma et al., 2021, Dutta et al., 2020, Mirzoyan et al., 2019, Stuelten et al., 2018, Yanku et al., 2018, Yuan et al., 2018, Diwanji and Bergmann, 2017, Muzzopappa et al., 2017, Eroglu and Derry, 2016, Fogarty et al., 2016, Kawamoto et al., 2016, Vanha-Aho et al., 2016, Su, 2015, Wu et al., 2015, Amoyel and Bach, 2014, Chabu and Xu, 2014, Dalui and Bhattacharyya, 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Bangi, 2013, Herrera et al., 2013, Khoo et al., 2013, Levayer and Moreno, 2013, Ma et al., 2013, Ríos-Barrera and Riesgo-Escovar, 2013, Samaraweera et al., 2013, Tang et al., 2013, Yang et al., 2013, Felix et al., 2012, Igboin et al., 2012, Jones et al., 2012, Igboin et al., 2011, Kato et al., 2011, Mathew et al., 2011, Mabery and Schneider, 2010, Neisch et al., 2010, O'Callaghan and Vergunst, 2010, Rousso et al., 2010, Geuking et al., 2009, Kato et al., 2009, Liu et al., 2009, Wu et al., 2009, Jones et al., 2008, Bidla et al., 2007, Bidla et al., 2007, Kuranaga and Miura, 2007, Xue et al., 2007, Igaki et al., 2006, Igaki et al., 2006, Wang et al., 2006, Bauer et al., 2005, Bauer et al., 2005, Brodsky et al., 2004, Leclerc and Reichhart, 2004, Moreno and Basler, 2003, Igaki, 2001.11.2)
          Eiger, tumour necrosis factor family member
          (Xu et al., 2016)
          TNF-α
          (Keller et al., 2011)
          Wengen
          (Igboin et al., 2012, Jones et al., 2008)
          eiger
          (Chen et al., 2023, Das et al., 2023, Taniguchi and Igaki, 2023, Destefanis et al., 2022, Havula et al., 2022, Karanja et al., 2022, Merino et al., 2022, Yu et al., 2022, Destalminil-Letourneau et al., 2021, Pathak and Varghese, 2021, Artiushin and Sehgal, 2020, Muliyil et al., 2020, Tamamouna et al., 2020, Luo et al., 2019, Kumar and Tiwari, 2018, Paul et al., 2018, He et al., 2017, Kenmoku et al., 2017, Taylor et al., 2017, Diaz-Garcia et al., 2016, Hou et al., 2016, Willsey et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2016, Bunker et al., 2015, Chittaranjan et al., 2015, Ghimire and Kim, 2015, Huang et al., 2015, Liu et al., 2015, Merino et al., 2015, Shklover et al., 2015, Kuang et al., 2014, Reim et al., 2014, Stronach et al., 2014, Bergwitz et al., 2013, Herrera et al., 2013, Levayer and Moreno, 2013, Pechkovsky et al., 2013, Pérez-Garijo et al., 2013, Chen et al., 2012, Cole et al., 2012.7.6, Etchegaray et al., 2012, Igboin et al., 2012, Jones et al., 2012, Lim et al., 2012, Marchal et al., 2012, Pallavi et al., 2012, Chen et al., 2011, Jiang et al., 2011, Kanda et al., 2011, Keller et al., 2011, Ohsawa et al., 2011, Cordero et al., 2010, Froldi et al., 2010, Portela et al., 2010, Rhiner et al., 2010, Sun et al., 2010, Tsuda et al., 2010, Zhang et al., 2010, Zhao et al., 2010, Adelman et al., 2009, Babcock and Galko, 2009, Babcock et al., 2009, Berkey et al., 2009, Cruz et al., 2009, Maezawa et al., 2009, Smith-Bolton et al., 2009, Tiwari and Roy, 2009, Tortoriello et al., 2009, Yan et al., 2009, Arya and Lakhotia, 2008, Gordon et al., 2008, Jones et al., 2008, Liu and Lehmann, 2008, Nicholson et al., 2008, Zhu et al., 2008, Firth and Baker, 2007, Peterson et al., 2007, Pfleger et al., 2007, Schneider et al., 2007, Wu and Silverman, 2007, Zeitouni et al., 2007, Lee et al., 2006, Polaski et al., 2006, Brandt et al., 2004, Igaki et al., 2002)
          tumor necrosis factor family member DT1
          (Inohara, 1999.5.10)
          wengen
          (O'Keefe et al., 2015)
          Secondary FlyBase IDs
          • FBgn0062838
          • FBgn0064801
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 57 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
          References (444)