ark, hac-1, dapaf-1, Apaf-1, Apaf-1-related killer
CED-4 domain protein that links mitochondrial events to activation of caspases during programd cell death
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Dark for information on other features
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AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.
Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Gene model reviewed during 5.50
7.0 (northern blot)
5 (northern blot)
5.5 (unknown)
None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.
1440, 531 (aa)
1440 (aa)
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Dark using the Feature Mapper tool.
The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).
Comment: maternally deposited
The longer form of Dark transcript appears to be the predominantly expressed form. It is detected in embyros, larvae, pupae, and S2 cells on northern blots. It is expressed ubiquitously in embryos and in larval eye and wing discs.
The short form of Dark transcript appears to be the minor form which is detected in embryos.
Dark transcripts are detected at all stages assayed on northern blots. Levels are elevated in times associated with histolysis of larval tissues (third instar larvae and early pupae). Levels are lowest in embryos and adults.
Dark transcripts are broadly distributed in preblastoderm embryos. By stage 7, transcripts are predominantly located in the ventral neurogenic region and around several invagination furrows. In stages 10-11, the highest Dark transcript levels are found in the ectoderm and mesoderm of the procephalic region. Later, expression is observed in a segmentally repeated pattern. Dark expression is induced by X-ray or UV irradiation.
JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\Dark in JBrowse2-81
2-84.9
Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
Gene expression is increased in response to the presence of two copies of Scer\GAL4hs.PB.
Ark mutant hemocytes are completely resistant to a Smac mimetic (which antagonises inhibitor of apoptosis proteins) or cycloheximide.
Expression of Ark in the post-embryonic central nervous system is necessary to reverse organismal lethality and to produce a viable adult.
Ark is required for programmed cell death.
Removal of Ark results in profound developmental defects and lethality.
dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.
1 allele of l(2)SH0173 recovered in a P-insertion screen.
Loss of function mutations of Ark show reduced cell death and caspase activities in embryos.
Loss of function mutations in Ark attenuate programmed cell deaths during development, resulting in hyperplasia of the central nervous system and other abnormalities including melanotic tumours and defective wings.
Ark is required for normal cell death during embryonic development.
Loss of Ark function causes reduced cell death.
Transcription unit identified during molecular analysis of the RhoGEF2 region.
Source for merge of: Ark anon-53Fa
Source for merge of: Ark Hac1
Source for merge of: l(2)SH0173 Ark
Source for merge of Ark Hac1 was sequence comparison ( date:991227 ).
Source for identity of: Dark Ark
Changed from 'Ark' to 'Dark' to reflect common usage in the literature.
