FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Allele: Scer\GAL4ple.PF
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General Information
Symbol
Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Species
S. cerevisiae
Name
pale construct of Friggi-Grelin
FlyBase ID
FBal0322968
Feature type
allele
Associated gene
Associated Insertion(s)
Carried in Construct
Also Known As
TH-GAL4, ple-GAL4, THGAL4, (TH)-Gal4, pleGAL4, TH Gal4, TH, Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH)-GAL4, P{TH-GAL4}, Tyrosine hydroxylase-GAL4
Transgenic product class
Nature of the Allele
Transgenic product class
Carried in construct
Cytology
Description

A ple genomic fragment from -4168 to +136bp relative to the transcription start site is fused upstream of sequence encoding a GAL4 driver plus a 3' translation termination element from the Hsp70 gene. The ple coding sequence (from +183 to +6820 relative to the transcription start site) is fused downstream of the Hsp70 translation termination sequence (so that any regulatory sequences present in the coding region are included, but the ple coding sequence is not translated).

Allele components
Component
Use(s)
Regulatory region(s)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome
Curation Data
Type
Location
Additional Notes
References
Variant Molecular Consequences
Associated Sequence Data
DNA sequence
Protein sequence
 
Expression Data
Reporter Expression
distribution deduced from reporter (Gal4 UAS)
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
ellipsoid body

Comment: medium expression

eye

Comment: faint expression

Additional Information
Statement
Reference

Drives expression in dopaminergic neurons.

Expression driven by ScerGAL4ple.PF was restricted via a transgenic cell class-lineage intersection (CLIn) system to a subset of neuronal clusters - PPM3 and a subset of PPM2 and PPL1 neurons - of specific Type II neuroblast lineages using KlacKDRstg14. All 8 PPM3 neurons are part of the DM6 neuroblast lineage, two of these, originating from the first larval born secondary neuroblast, are EB neurons, while the mFB and vFB neurons originate from other secondary neuroblasts. The subset of PPM2 neurons are part of the DM2 (0-1 neurons), DM3 (0-1 neurons) and DM4 (1 neuron) neuroblast lineages. The 2 dFB neurons of the dopaminergic PPL1 cluster are part of the DL1 neuroblast lineage, while the remaining 5 non-dFB neurons are part of the DL2 neuroblast lineage. These 5 neurons include a MB-alpha neuron of the dopaminergic PPL1 cluster, a MB-alpha' neuron of the dopaminergic PPL1 cluster, a mushroom body vertical lobe arborizing neuron 1 and a further neuron that targets the superior medial protocerebrum and superior intermediate protocerebrum.

ScerGAL4ple.PF drives expression in 1-3 SP1 neurons, 1-4 SP2 neurons, 3-6 IP neurons, all LP1 neurons, 2-4 LP2 neurons, 1-3 SE1 neurons, 1-3 adult serotonergic LP3 neurons and 1 adult serotonergic AP neuron. Additionally, it also drives expression in small numbers (1-14) of non-serotonergic neurons adjacent to SP1, SP2, IP, LP1, LP2, LP3, SE1, SE3, T1, T2, T3, and abdominal serotonergic neurons.

ScerGAL4ple.PF drives expression in all dopaminergic neurons of the PAL PPM1/2, PPL1. PPM3 and PPL2 clusters which project to the vertical lobes of the mushroom body, the ellipsoid and the fan-shaped body. Expression is only found in around 10% of dopaminergic neurons of the PAM cluster.

ScerGAL4ple.PF drives expression in the dopaminergic PPL1 neurons (includes MB-MP1, MB-V1 and MB-MV1 neurons), PPL2ab, in 118 PAM neurons per hemisphere (includes MB-M3 neurons), in PPM3, in 1 PPM1 neuron per hemisphere, in PPM2, PPL2c, VUM1 and VUM2 neurons. Expression of ScerGAL4ple.PF is also detected in dopaminergic T1, SVP1, D1 and SP1 neurons.

ScerGAL4ple.PF drives expression in a subset of the dopaminergic neurons in the adult brain labelled by ple : around 8 PAM neurons, 5 PAL neurons, 4 PPM1 neuron, 8 PPM2 neurons, 7 PPM3 neurons, 11 PPL1 neurons and 6 PPL2 neurons.

Expression observed in neurons that innervate the mushroom body vertical lobes and peduncles, the fan-shaped body and the protocerebral bridge.

ScerGAL4ple.PF is expressed in approximately 12 PPL1, 11 PPL2, 8 PPM1/2, 7 PPM3 and 5 PAL dopaminergic neurons, but is not expressed well in the PAM cluster. PAL neurons are seen to project across the midline. Neurons of the PPM1/2 cluster are seen to project ventrally. PPL1 cluster neurons are seen to project medially and dorsally towards the mushroom body, and the PPM3 neurons are observed to project towards the central complex.

Approximately 127 ScerGAL4ple.PF expressing cells can be identified in the adult protocerebrum. ScerGAL4ple.PF is highly expressed in neurons that terminate in the vertical lobes of the mushroom body and in the lateral part of the mushroom body horizontal lobes. There are also a few fibers wrapped around the distal tip of the mushroom body horizontal lobes.

ScerGAL4ple.PF drives expression in the dopaminergic cluster PAL, PPL1, PPL2ab, PPM1, 10 neurons of the PPM2 cluster, 8 neurons of the PPM3 cluster and 13 neurons of the PAM cluster.

ScerGAL4ple.PF generally labels all dopaminergic neurons.

ScerGAL4ple.PF labelled neurons that innervated, particularly, the , midregion of the peduncle, the heel, alpha lobe and lateral region of the gamma lobe. Labelled processes ate also found surrounding the median portion of the beta and gamma lobes. Expression in larva is similar to adults, with ScerGAL4ple.PF driving expression in neurons that innervate the the vertical lobes and heel.

 
Reporter construct used in assay
Human Disease Associations
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Disease
Interaction
References
Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
 
Disease-implicated variant(s)
 
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In

dopaminergic neuron & adult brain, with Septin4UAS.cMa

mitochondrion & dopaminergic neuron, with MarfUAS.Tag:FLAG

mitochondrion & dopaminergic neuron, with Opa1UAS.Tag:FLAG

mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron, with parkUAS.Tag:HA

mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron, with Pink1RNAi.UAS.cYa

mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron, with Pink1UAS.cYa

Detailed Description
Statement
Reference

Inactivation of a subset of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells (using Ctet\tetXTNT-LC.FRT.stop.UAS and Scer\FLP1335 with Scer\GAL80tsh-GAL80) in males slightly, but significantly reduces copulation duration, with no effect on the frequency of successful matings or copulation latency, compared to controls.

Brief, but not prolonged, thermogenetic activation (using TrpA1UAS.(B).cKa at 31[o]C) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells in larvae significantly increases mouth hook contractions, compared to controls.

Inhibition (using shi1.UAS at 32[o]C) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells, or the combined set of Scer\GAL4ple.PF and Scer\GAL4GMR58E02 cells, in adults does not affect startle-induced climbing behavior, compared to controls.

Thermogenetic activation (using TrpA1UAS.(B).cKa at 32[o]C) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells, or the combined set of Scer\GAL4ple.PF and Scer\GAL4GMR58E02 cells in adults significantly reduces startle-induced climbing behavior, compared to controls; in the case of activation of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells alone, flies display normal spontaneous locomotion.

Optogenetic activation (using Crei\ChR2XXL.UAS with blue light) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells in adults significantly reduces startle-induced climbing behavior, compared to controls.

Activation of Scer\GAL4ple.PF-expressing dopaminergic neurons for two hours results in increased resistance to paraquat intoxication. Dramatically reduced survival is seen following direct application of paraquat to the ventral nerve cord (VNC) of decapitated flies compared with unactivated controls.

Inhibition (using shi1.UAS at 32[o]C) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells in adults significantly reduces 5 min (single-trial conditioned) aversive taste memory, compared to controls.

Inhibition (using shi1.UAS at 29[o]C) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells in adults significantly reduces the number of animals capable of flight, compared to controls; animals that do not fly have significant wing coordination defects, compared to controls; there is also a significant reduction in the duration of electrophysiological spiking in dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscles in response to an air puff, compared to controls.

Inhibition (using Hsap\KCNJ2UAS.EGFP) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells, in combination with a Gal80[ts] transgene to restrict expression to the adult stage, significantly reduces the number of animals capable of flight, compared to controls; there is also a significant reduction in the number of animals that display electrophysiological spiking in dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscles in response to an air puff, compared to controls.

Inhibition of neural activity in Scer\GAL4ple.PF-expressing neurons does not affect sensitivity to (S,Z,Z)-CH503 (a more potent stereoisomer of the gustatory sex pheromone CH503). As in wild type flies, courtship defects are seen in response to (S,Z,Z)-CH503.

Inhibition of synaptic release (using Ctet\TeTxLCUAS.cUa, in combination with a Gal80[ts] transgene to restrict expression to the 3 hours prior to analysis) or enhancing dopamine reuptake (using DATUAS.cKa, in combination with a Gal80[ts] transgene to restrict expression to the 3 hours prior to analysis) in Scer\GAL4ple.PF neurons results in a significant increase in larval feeding, compared to controls. In the case of enhanced dopamine reuptake (DATUAS.cKa expression), the reduction in food intake observed when larvae are moved to essential amino acid-deficient food is significantly abolished, compared to controls.

Thermogenetic activation (using TrpA1UAS.cUa at 29[o]C for 3 hours, in combination with a Gal80[ts] transgene to restrict expression to the 3 hours prior to analysis) or reducing dopamine reuptake (using DATVDRC.cUa, in combination with a Gal80[ts] transgene to restrict expression to the 16 hours prior to analysis) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF neurons results in a significant decrease in food intake, compared to controls.

Inhibition (using Hsap\KCNJ2UAS.EGFP) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells, in combination with a Gal80[ts] transgene to restrict expression to the adult stage, significantly reduces aversive temperature or shock olfactory memory, compared to controls, with no effect on temperature avoidance.

Inhibition (using shi1.UAS at 33[o]C) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells in adults significantly reduces aversive, but not appetitive, 1-min visual memory, compared to controls; inhibition during training alone, but not testing, significantly reduces aversive, but not appetitive, 30-min visual memory, compared to controls; inhibition causes prolonged hyperactivity, compared to controls.

Thermogenetic activation (using TrpA1UAS.(B).cKa at 30[o]C) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells in fed or starved adults, in combination with a paired odor, results in a significant increase in 2-min associative aversive olfactory memory, compared to controls.

Inhibition (using shi1.UAS at 33[o]C) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells in adults during training and testing, or training alone, significantly reduces 30-min aversive, but not appetitive, olfactory memory, compared to controls; inhibition during training significantly reduces total aversive olfactory memory across multiple timepoints up to 9 hours and also reduces 2-hour anaesthesia-resistant memory, compared to controls; inhibition does not affect naive shock avoidance, compared to controls.

Thermogenetic activation (using TrpA1UAS.(B).cKa at 30[o]C) of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells in adults, in combination with a paired odor, results in a significant increase in 2-min and 2-hour aversive olfactory memory, compared to controls; this increase is no longer seen when activation is restricted to a smaller subset of Scer\GAL4ple.PF cells using Scer\GAL80ple.PK.

Larvae in which synaptic transmission has been blocked in the Scer\GAL4ple.PF-expressing dopaminergic neurons show a significantly reduced performance in aversive and appetitive olfactory learning (using amylacetate (AM) and benzaldehyde (BA)) compared to controls, although a small reduction in odor perception is observed. Salt perception is also similar to controls, but show some significant difference in sugar perception.

External Data
Interactions
Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhanced by
Statement
Reference
NOT Enhanced by
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Suppressed by
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NOT suppressed by
Statement
Reference

Scer\GAL4ple.PF, TrpA1UAS.(B).cKa has abnormal sleep | heat sensitive phenotype, non-suppressible by Dop1R2MB05108/Dop1R2MB05108

Scer\GAL4ple.PF, TrpA1UAS.(B).cKa has abnormal sleep | heat sensitive phenotype, non-suppressible by Dop2Rf06521

Scer\GAL4ple.PF, TrpA1UAS.(B).cKa has abnormal sleep | heat sensitive phenotype, non-suppressible by DopEcRc02142/DopEcRc02142

Enhancer of
Statement
Reference
NOT Enhancer of
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Suppressor of
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NOT Suppressor of
Statement
Reference
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
NOT Enhanced by
Suppressed by
Statement
Reference

Scer\GAL4ple.PF, Septin4UAS.cMa has dopaminergic neuron & adult brain phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4ple.PF/parkUAS.cMa

NOT suppressed by
Statement
Reference

Pink1UAS.cYa, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by Drp1Tag:FLAG,Tag:CALI(TC),Tag:HA

Pink1UAS.cYa, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by opa1-like[+]/Opa1EY09863

Pink1UAS.cYa, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by parkUAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF

Enhancer of
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NOT Enhancer of
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Suppressor of
Statement
Reference

Scer\GAL4ple.PF/parkUAS.Tag:MYC is a suppressor of mitochondrion & dopaminergic neuron phenotype of Pink1B9

Scer\GAL4ple.PF/Drp1UAS.Tag:HA is a suppressor of mitochondrion & dopaminergic neuron phenotype of Pink1B9

parkUAS.Tag:HA/Scer\GAL4ple.PF is a suppressor of mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron phenotype of Pink1B9

Scer\GAL4ple.PF/parkUAS.cMa is a suppressor | partially of dopaminergic neuron & adult brain phenotype of Scer\GAL4ple.PF, Septin4UAS.cMa

Scer\GAL4ple.PF/parkUAS.Tag:MYC is a suppressor | partially of mitochondrion & dopamine neuron & adult brain phenotype of Pink1B9

NOT Suppressor of
Statement
Reference

parkUAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF is a non-suppressor of mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron phenotype of Pink1UAS.cYa, Scer\GAL4ple.PF

Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement
Reference
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement
Reference
Complementation and Rescue Data
Comments
Images (0)
Mutant
Wild-type
Stocks (3)
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

F. Friggi-Grelin

Comments
Comments

A ple genomic fragment from +183 to +6820bp relative to the transcription start site, which contains the ple coding region, including introns, is fused downstream of the 3' translation termination element from the Hsp70 gene which is present in Scer\GAL4ple.5'.

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )
Synonyms and Secondary IDs (5)
Reported As
Symbol Synonym
Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Scer\GAL4ple.PG
Name Synonyms
pale construct of Friggi-Grelin
pale construct of Goodwin
Secondary FlyBase IDs
  • FBal0181600
  • FBal0295341
References (402)