FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\sens[E2]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\sens^E2

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0098023

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\sens

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

loss of function allele

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Chandrasekaran and Beckendorf, 2003)

loss of function allele

(Nolo et al., 2001, Nolo et al., 2000)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1999.7.3)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Nucleotide substitution: G?A.

(Wang et al., 2010)

Amino acid replacement: ??term.

(Wang et al., 2010)

G to A transition at coordinate 3L:13393009 (release 5), resulting in a nonsense mutation.

(Wang et al., 2010)

Stop codon in the middle of the coding sequence.

(Nolo et al., 2000)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

3L:13,399,909..13,399,909 [-]

Nucleotide change:

C13399909T

Reported nucleotide change:

G?A

Amino acid change:

Q240term | sens-PA

Reported amino acid change:

??term

Comment:

The nucleotide change was reported in the context of surrounding sequence but on the negative strand.

(Wang et al., 2010)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

chaeta | cell autonomous | somatic clone

(Nolo et al., 2000)

chaeta | somatic clone

(Pi et al., 2004)

dorsal row of wing sensilla | somatic clone

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

embryonic/larval oenocyte precursor

(Witt et al., 2010)

embryonic/larval salivary gland

(Chandrasekaran and Beckendorf, 2003)

embryonic/larval salivary gland | embryonic stage

(Fox et al., 2013)

eo neuron | somatic clone | increased number

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

external sensory organ precursor cell IIa | somatic clone

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

external sensory organ precursor cell IIb | somatic clone | increased number

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

mechanosensory chaeta | somatic clone

(Acar et al., 2006)

medulla | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^sca-109-68, sens^UAS.cNa

(Morey et al., 2008)

medullary intrinsic neuron Mi1 | pupal stage | somatic clone

(Trush et al., 2019)

microchaeta | cell autonomous | somatic clone

(Nolo et al., 2000)

ommatidium | somatic clone (with sens^E1)

(Frankfort et al., 2001)

photoreceptor cell R2 | somatic clone

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

photoreceptor cell R5 | somatic clone

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

photoreceptor cell R7 | somatic clone (with sens^E1)

(Frankfort et al., 2001)

photoreceptor cell R8 | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone (with sens^E1)

(Frankfort et al., 2001)

photoreceptor cell R8 | larval stage | somatic clone

(Trush et al., 2019)

photoreceptor cell R8 | pupal stage | somatic clone

(Trush et al., 2019)

photoreceptor cell R8 | somatic clone

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

photoreceptor cell R8 | somatic clone (with sens^E1)

(Frankfort et al., 2001)

postorbital bristle | somatic clone

(Acar et al., 2006)

thecogen cell | somatic clone

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

tormogen cell | cell autonomous | somatic clone

(Nolo et al., 2000)

tormogen cell | somatic clone

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

trichogen cell | somatic clone

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

trichome of the posterior wing margin | somatic clone

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

ventral row of wing sensilla | somatic clone

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

In sens^E2 clones, R8 photoreceptors are missing in the larval/pupal eye; the ring-like Mi1 axon terminals are also missing from the pupal M9-M10 layers.

(Trush et al., 2019)

Mutant embryos show extensive salivary gland cell death at late stages.

(Fox et al., 2013)

The number of segments containing oenocytes, the number of oenocytes per segment and the total number of oenocytes per embryo are all significantly decreased in sens^E2 mutant embryos as compared to controls.

(Witt et al., 2010)

sens^E2 homozygous clones in the eye (in which sens^Scer\UAS.cNa is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^sca-109-68 which rescues R8 cell differentiation, but is not expressed during the late phase of R8 axon targeting) show targeting defects in the medulla; thicker columns, which likely indicate mistargeting of R8 axons to the M6 layer are seen, as well as columns in which the R7 axon terminated in the M6 layer while the R8 axon crosses into a neighbouring column.

(Morey et al., 2008)

sens^E2 mutant clones lose almost all mechanosensory bristles.

The number of post-orbital bristles in sens^E2 mutant clones is less than a third of the wild-type number.

(Acar et al., 2006)

sens^E2/+ flies do not show a wing bristle phenotype.

Induction of sens^E2 clones in the wing leads to a loss of mechanosensory bristles in the anterior wing margin and loss of the noninnervated bristles of the posterior wing margin.

Sensory precursors within sens^E2 clones are able to divide, but there is a delay in their division compared with wild-type precursors. The resulting mutant sensory clusters contain multiple neurons and an occasional sheath cell but lack a socket cell in 98% of cases. This indicates that there is a pIIa-to-pIIb transformation in these clones followed by a sheath-to-neuron transformation later in the lineage.

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

In sens^E2 homozygous somatic clones in the eye disc, photoreceptor R8 differentiates prematurely as a founder R2/R5 cell which then recruits a reduced number of photoreceptors compared to wild-type. In clones in the resulting adult eyes, ommatidia are disrupted, but there are no undifferentiated regions.

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

Mutant larvae have small salivary glands, about a half to a third of the size of normal salivary glands. IN addition the salivary glands of stage 16 mutant larvae are smaller than stage 13 embryos, suggesting the loss may be progressive. The mutant salivary glands have less cells than wild-type. The salivary placodes appear to be normally specified and a re similar to wild-type placodes in size and cell numbers. IN addition salivary ducts are normal. Cells in the salivary glands undergo ectopic apoptosis from late stage 12 through to stage 14.

(Chandrasekaran and Beckendorf, 2003)

When somatic clones of sens^E2/sens^E1 in the eye are made in a Minute background, normally constructed ommatidia containing photoreceptors mutant for sens can only form if the R8 photoreceptor had at least one functional copy of sens. Large patches of mutant ommatidia are readily recovered in adults. These clones are disorganised and of variable size. The number of ommatidia and the spacing between them is not changed from the surrounding wild-type tissue. However all ommatidia have a striking similarity: they do not contain a discernable R8 or R7 photoreceptors.

(Frankfort et al., 2001)

Heterozygotes do not show a loss of wing margin phenotype.

(Nolo et al., 2001)

Homozygous clones lack bristles, sockets and microchaetae. The phenotype is cell autonomous.

(Nolo et al., 2000)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

sens^E2 has visible | somatic clone phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Eq/phyl^UAS.Tag:MYC

(Pi et al., 2004)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

sens^E2/sens[+] is a suppressor | partially of visible phenotype of mir-9a^J22/mir-9a^E39

(Bejarano et al., 2010)

sens^E2 is a suppressor | somatic clone of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4^ap-md544, sc^UAS.cHa

(Nolo et al., 2000)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

sens^E2/sens[+] is a non-suppressor of increased cell death phenotype of mir-9a^J22

(Bejarano et al., 2010)

Other

Statement

Reference

sens^E2, svp¹ has lethal - all die during embryonic stage phenotype

(Mishra et al., 2013)

pnr[+]/pnr^VX6, sens^E2 has visible | dominant phenotype

(Asmar et al., 2008)

pnr[+]/pnr^VX4, sens^E2 has visible | dominant phenotype

(Asmar et al., 2008)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

sens^E2 has embryonic/larval salivary gland phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^arm.PS/BacA\p35^UAS.cHa

(Chandrasekaran and Beckendorf, 2003)

sens^E2 has embryonic/larval salivary gland phenotype, suppressible by Df(3L)H99

(Chandrasekaran and Beckendorf, 2003)

sens^E2 has embryonic/larval salivary gland phenotype, suppressible by Df(3L)XR38

(Chandrasekaran and Beckendorf, 2003)

sens^E2 has embryonic/larval salivary gland phenotype, suppressible by hid⁰⁵⁰¹⁴

(Chandrasekaran and Beckendorf, 2003)

sens^E1/sens^E2 has photoreceptor cell R8 | somatic clone | cell non-autonomous phenotype, suppressible by ro^x63

(Frankfort et al., 2001)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

sens^E2 has adult thorax & microchaeta | somatic clone phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU/da^UAS.cGa

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

sens^E2 has eo neuron | increased number | somatic clone phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU/da^UAS.cGa

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

sens^E2 has trichogen cell | somatic clone phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU/da^UAS.cGa

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

sens^E2 has tormogen cell | somatic clone phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU/da^UAS.cGa

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

sens^E2 has dorsal row of wing sensilla | somatic clone phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU/BacA\p35^UAS.cHa

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

sens^E2 has ventral row of wing sensilla | somatic clone phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU/BacA\p35^UAS.cHa

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

sens^E2 has chaeta | somatic clone phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Eq/phyl^UAS.Tag:MYC

(Pi et al., 2004)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

sens^E2/sens[+] is an enhancer of medial row of triple row of wing sensilla phenotype of sc^10-1

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

sens^E2/sens[+] is an enhancer of eo neuron phenotype of sc^10-1

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

sens^E2/sens[+] is an enhancer of tormogen cell phenotype of sc^10-1

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

sens^E2 is an enhancer of photoreceptor neuron | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43, ru¹

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

sens^E2/sens[+] is a suppressor | partially of mechanosensory chaeta | increased number | adult stage phenotype of Rbfox1^RNAi.UAS, Scer\GAL4^sca-109-68

(Shukla et al., 2017)

sens^E2/sens[+] is a suppressor | partially of wing margin phenotype of mir-9a^J22/mir-9a^E39

(Bejarano et al., 2010)

sens^E2/sens[+] is a suppressor | partially of anterior postalar bristle phenotype of mir-9a^J22/mir-9a^E39

(Bejarano et al., 2010)

sens^E2/sens[+] is a suppressor | partially of dorsocentral bristle phenotype of mir-9a^J22/mir-9a^E39

(Bejarano et al., 2010)

sens^E2 is a suppressor | somatic clone of adult thorax & macrochaeta phenotype of Scer\GAL4^ap-md544, sc^UAS.cHa

(Nolo et al., 2000)

sens^E2 is a suppressor | somatic clone of adult thorax & microchaeta phenotype of Scer\GAL4^ap-md544, sc^UAS.cHa

(Nolo et al., 2000)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

sens^E2/sens[+] is a non-suppressor of wing pouch phenotype of mir-9a^J22/mir-9a^E39

(Bejarano et al., 2010)

Other

Statement

Reference

sens^E2, svp¹ has Rh5 photoreceptor of Bolwig organ phenotype

(Mishra et al., 2013)

sens^E2, svp¹ has Rh6 photoreceptor of Bolwig organ | increased number phenotype

(Mishra et al., 2013)

pnr[+]/pnr^VX6, sens^E2 has dorsocentral bristle phenotype

(Asmar et al., 2008)

pnr[+]/pnr^VX4, sens^E2 has dorsocentral bristle phenotype

(Asmar et al., 2008)

Egfr^E1, sens^E2 has eye phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

Egfr^E1, sens^E2 has ommatidium phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

Egfr^E1, sens^E2 has ommatidium | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

Egfr^E1, sens^E2 has eye | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

Egfr[+]/Egfr^E1, sens^E2 has ommatidium | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

Egfr[+]/Egfr^E1, sens^E2 has eye | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Heterozygosity for sens^E2 partially suppresses the supernumerary thoracic sensory bristle phenotype of individuals expressing Rbfox1^{dsRNA.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^sca-109-68.

(Shukla et al., 2017)

sens^E2 svp¹ double mutant embryos have the same number of photoreceptors as wild type, but none of them express Rh5 and an increased number express Rh6.

(Mishra et al., 2013)

sens^E2/+ results in an approximately 35% reduction in the loss of wing margin caused by mir-9a^J22/mir-9a^E39. sens^E2/+ does not rescue the increased cell death seen in the wing discs of mir-9a^J22/mir-9a^E39 animals.

sens^E2/+ partially suppresses the formation of ectopic dorsocentral and anterior postalar bristles seen in mir-9a^J22/mir-9a^E39 adults.

(Bejarano et al., 2010)

sens^E2/pnr^VX4 double heterozygotes show loss of dorsocentral bristles.

sens^E2/pnr^VX6 double heterozygotes show loss of dorsocentral bristles.

(Asmar et al., 2008)

sc^10-1; sens^E2/+ flies show a severe loss of stout bristles at the wing margin in comparison to sc^10-1 single mutants, which show a small loss of these bristles. At the pupal level the sc^10-1; sens^E2/+ double mutants are almost completely lacking the neurons that should have developed from the mechanosensory precursors; this is an enhancement of the reduced number of neurons seen in sc^10-1 single mutant pupae. The double mutants also show a greater loss of socket cells than the single mutants.

Thoracic clones that express da^Scer\UAS.cGa, under the control of Scer\GAL4^tub, in a sens^E2 background results in clones that lack microchaetae. Sensory organ precursors in these clones generate extra neurons but no shaft or socket cells, which is similar to sens^E2 single mutant clones.

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

In rho^7M43; ru¹; sens^E2 triple mutant clones, no photoreceptors differentiate except for a few photoreceptors near the clonal boundary, presumably rescued non-autonomously by neighboring wild-type cell. No rescue of photoreceptor development is seen when these triple mutant clones are made in a ro^x63 homozygous background. Adult eyes containing sens^E2 homozygous somatic clones induced in an Egfr^E1/+ background are smaller than wild-type. Within the clone there are reduced numbers of ommatidia, as well as gaps of tissue between ommatidia, a phenotype similar to that seen in Egfr^E1 homozygotes.

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

Expression of phyl^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} under the control of Scer\GAL4^Eq1 fails to rescue external sensory organ formation in homozygous sens^E2 clones in the notum.

(Pi et al., 2004)

When Df(3L)H99 (A deficiency that uncovers grim, rpr and W) is combined with sens^E2, 93% of salivary glands are normal in size (compared with 0% for sens^E2 mutants). The addition of W⁰⁵⁰¹⁴ or Df(3L)XR38 (which removed rpr) partially suppresses this phenotype as well, though the suppression by W⁰⁵⁰¹⁴ is quantitatively and qualitatively weaker than Df(3L)XR38.

(Chandrasekaran and Beckendorf, 2003)

The addition of ro^x63 suppresses the photoreceptor cell R8 phenotype seen in sens^E2/sens^E1 somatic clones.

(Frankfort et al., 2001)

Clones of sens^E2 in the thorax suppress the extra micro- and macrochaetae produced by expression of sc^Scer\UAS.cHa under the control of Scer\GAL4^ap-md544.

(Nolo et al., 2000)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Expression of BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa, under the control of Scer\GAL4^tub, in sens^E2 clones fails to rescue the wing margin bristle loss.

(Jafar-Nejad et al., 2006)

Complementation and Rescue Data

Complements

sens^SX67

(Nolo et al., 2001)

Fails to complement

sens^SX67R12

(Nolo et al., 2001)

sens^E1

(Nolo et al., 2001)

sens^E53

(Nolo et al., 2001)

sens^E54

(Nolo et al., 2001)

sens^E58

(Nolo et al., 2001)

sens^E69

(Nolo et al., 2001)

sens^Ly-1

(Nolo et al., 2001)

sens^M256

(Nolo et al., 2001)

sens^I235

(Nolo et al., 2001)

Rescued by

sens^E2 is rescued by sens^g.+t

(Acar et al., 2006)

Partially rescued by

sens^E2 is partially rescued by sens^1CCg

(Acar et al., 2006)

Not rescued by

sens^E2 is not rescued by sens^1CCg

(Acar et al., 2006)

sens^E2 is not rescued by sens^2CCg

(Acar et al., 2006)

sens^E2 is not rescued by sens^3CCg

(Acar et al., 2006)

Comments

Expression of sens^g.+t is able to rescue the external sensory organs in adult sens^E2 clones, which lose almost all mechanosensory bristles.

Expression of sens^1CCg is able to rescue many of the external sensory organs in adult sens^E2 clones, which lose almost all mechanosensory bristles.

Expression of sens^3CCg is unable to rescue the external sensory organs in adult sens^E2 clones, which lose almost all mechanosensory bristles.

Expression of sens^g.+t is able to rescue loss of post-orbital bristles in sens^E2 clones.

Expression of sens^1CCg is able to partially restore the number of post-orbital bristles in sens^E2 clones to approximately two-thirds of the wild-type.

Expression of sens^3CCg is unable to rescue the loss of post-orbital bristles in adult sens^E2 clones.

Expression of sens^2CCg is unable to rescue the loss of post-orbital bristles in adult sens^E2 clones.

Expression of sens^g.+t rescues the lethality of sens^E2 homozygous embryos.

Expression of sens^1CCg does not rescue the lethality of sens^E2 homozygous embryos. However, a significant rescue of PNS development is observed. The rescue is however, not complete, as some of the neurons are lost. In addition, the neurons exhibit differentiation, axon guidance, and fasciculation defects.

Expression of sens^3CCg does not rescue the lethality of sens^E2 homozygous embryos. sens^3CCg also does not rescue the PNS defects associated with sens^E2.

(Acar et al., 2006)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (5)

Bloomington

5311

sens^E2 red¹ e¹/TM6B, Tb⁺

58450

w^*; sens^E2 P{neoFRT}80B/TM6B, Tb⁺

40960

y¹ w^*; P{UAS-Mmus\Gfi1}3; mwh¹ sens^E2/TM3, Sb¹