FB2024_03 , released April 23, 2024
Gene: Dmel\sav
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\sav
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
salvador
Annotation Symbol
CG33193
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0053193
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
salvador (sav) encodes a scaffold protein involved in the Hippo signalling pathway. It promotes membrane recruitment of the kinase encoded by hpo and its assembly with the product of wts. [Date last reviewed: 2018-11-15] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

shar-pei

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-77
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:23058609..23061304
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (23 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VY77
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VFG8
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008717741
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR030030
Biological Process (17 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (13 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in hippo signaling
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:wts; FB:FBgn0011739
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:wts; FB:FBgn0011739,FLYBASE:sav; FB:FBgn0053193
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:wts; FB:FBgn0011739
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:hid; FB:FBgn0003997
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (7 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in apoptotic process
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR030030
involved_in hippo signaling
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008717741
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR030030
traceable author statement
traceable author statement
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008717741
traceable author statement
Cellular Component (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
colocalizes_with cell-cell junction
inferred from direct assay
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytosol
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008717741
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
salvador (sav) encodes a scaffold protein involved in the Hippo signalling pathway. It promotes membrane recruitment of the kinase encoded by hpo and its assembly with the product of wts. [Date last reviewed: 2018-11-15]
Pathway (FlyBase)
Hippo Signaling Pathway Core Components -
The Hippo signaling pathway is an intracellular kinase cascade in which hpo kinase in complex with sav, phosphorylates wts kinase which, in turn, phosphorylates yki transcriptional co-activator leading to its cytosolic retention. Activation of the Hippo pathway results in the down-regulation of cell proliferation and up-regulation of apoptosis, limiting tissue size. (Adapted from FBrf0224870).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Plays a key role in the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki) oncoprotein. The Hippo/SWH signaling pathway inhibits the activity of the transcriptional complex formed by Scalloped (sd) and Yki and the target genes of this pathway include cyclin-E (cycE), diap1 and bantam. Required for cell cycle exit in eye imaginal disk and hid-induced apoptotic cell deaths that are part of normal retinal development. Activation of Drice in eye imaginal disk by either Hid or Rpr is almost completely blocked by Sav expression.
(UniProt, Q9VCR6)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

scaffold protein - restricts cell numbers in vivo by functioning as a dual regulator of cell proliferation and apoptosis - physically interacts with Warts - the stability of Salvador (Sav), which is believed to promote Hippo/Warts association, is crucially dependent on its binding partner Hippo

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\sav for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VCR6)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0084356
2235
608
FBtr0303509
2220
603
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0083749
68.1
608
9.92
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with Wts via its WW domains. Interacts (via FBM motif) with Mer (via FERM domain). Interacts with Kibra. Interacts with Hpo (via SARAH domain). Interacts with jub.

(UniProt, Q9VCR6)
Post Translational Modification

Phosphorylated by Hpo.

(UniProt, Q9VCR6)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\sav using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

0.50

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
colocalizes_with cell-cell junction
inferred from direct assay
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\sav in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 16 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 23 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of sav
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of sav
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 3 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC | somatic clone & dendritic tree
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (7)
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (7)
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (8)
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (12)
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
8 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:sav. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
2 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
Show/hide secondary interactors 
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
Select Layout:
Legend:
Protein
RNA
Selected Interactor(s)
Other Interaction Browsers

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
protein-protein
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show/hide secondary interactors 
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
esyN Network Key:
Suppression
Enhancement
Other Interaction Browsers

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
suppressible
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
Interacts with Wts via its WW domains. Interacts (via FBM motif) with Mer (via FERM domain). Interacts with Kibra. Interacts with Hpo (via SARAH domain). Interacts with jub.
(UniProt, Q9VCR6 )
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Hippo Signaling Pathway Core Components -
The Hippo signaling pathway is an intracellular kinase cascade in which hpo kinase in complex with sav, phosphorylates wts kinase which, in turn, phosphorylates yki transcriptional co-activator leading to its cytosolic retention. Activation of the Hippo pathway results in the down-regulation of cell proliferation and up-regulation of apoptosis, limiting tissue size. (Adapted from FBrf0224870).
Metabolic Pathways
External Data
Linkouts
KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
3R
Recombination map
3-77
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
94D10-94D10
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}GclmL0580 and P{EP}hhEP3521
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Notes

Located on the right arm of chromosome 3

Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (12)
Genomic Clones (16)
 

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (116)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     

    polyclonal

    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        sav acts cell autonomously in class IV neurons.

        dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene.

        sav is required for the proper termination of cell proliferation during imaginal disc development.

        sav promotes both cell cycle exit and apoptosis.

        Identification: Isolated as a mutation that causes overgrowth in homozygous clones in the eye.

        Mutations in sav abolish developmentally controlled programmed cell death in homozygous clones in the eye.

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: salvador CG13831

        Source for merge of: CG13831 CG13832

        Source for merge of: sav anon-WO0172774.152

        Additional comments

        Annotations CG13831, CG13832 merged as CG33193 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

        Source for merge of CG13831 CG13832 was a shared cDNA ( date:010720 ).

        Source for merge of sav anon-WO0172774.152 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of
        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology

        The gene is called "shar-pei" because of the mutant folded cuticle phenotype in the head, which resembles the folded skin of Shar-pei dogs.

        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        CG13832
        Salvador
        Salvador/Shar-pei
        Sav
        (Bonello et al., 2023, Cho and Jiang, 2021, Mohajan et al., 2021, Gou et al., 2020, Mohammadi et al., 2020, Sahu and Mondal, 2020, van Soldt and Cardoso, 2020, Yeom et al., 2020, Gokhale and Pfleger, 2019, Meltzer, 2019-, Meltzer et al., 2019, Bae and Luo, 2018, Cairns et al., 2018, Elbediwy and Thompson, 2018, Enomoto et al., 2018, Fletcher et al., 2018, Fulford et al., 2018, Kim and Jho, 2018, Jang et al., 2017, Richardson and Portela, 2017, Tue et al., 2017, Becker et al., 2016, Chung et al., 2016, Fallahi et al., 2016, Jahanshahi et al., 2016, Meng et al., 2016, Yadav et al., 2016, Aerne et al., 2015, Bae et al., 2015, Cao et al., 2015, Dent et al., 2015, Irvine and Harvey, 2015, Li et al., 2015, Thompson and Sahai, 2015, Wang et al., 2015, Sadeqzadeh et al., 2014, Andersen et al., 2013, Degoutin et al., 2013, Deng et al., 2013, Enderle and McNeill, 2013, Huang et al., 2013, Johnston, 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Matsui and Lai, 2013, Puram and Bonni, 2013, Rister et al., 2013, Wehr et al., 2013, Wu and Wu, 2013, Yin et al., 2013, Fausti et al., 2012, Hergovich and Hemmings, 2012, Jin et al., 2012, Liu et al., 2012, Chan et al., 2011, Genevet and Tapon, 2011, Halder and Johnson, 2011, Laprise, 2011, Reddy and Irvine, 2011, Salah and Aqeilan, 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Zhao et al., 2011, Ribeiro et al., 2010, Yu et al., 2010, Yu et al., 2010, Zeng et al., 2010, Oh and Irvine, 2009, Zhang et al., 2009, Jukam and Claude, 2008, Oh and Irvine, 2008, Zhai et al., 2008, Dong et al., 2007, Jukam and Desplan, 2007, Polesello and Tapon, 2007, Hariharan, 2006, Polesello et al., 2006, Formstecher et al., 2005)
        anon-WO0172774.152
        sav
        (Kroeger et al., 2024, Gao et al., 2022, Li et al., 2022, Liu et al., 2022, Dong et al., 2021, Gogia et al., 2021, Gong et al., 2021, Lindsey et al., 2021, Sang et al., 2021, Tokamov et al., 2021, Cairns et al., 2020, Morata and Calleja, 2020, Vissers et al., 2020, Chang et al., 2019, Fahey-Lozano et al., 2019, Snigdha et al., 2019, Albert et al., 2018, Baillon et al., 2018, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Gou et al., 2018, Yu and Pan, 2018, Baker, 2017, Su et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Jahanshahi et al., 2016, Jukam et al., 2016, Liu et al., 2016, Mao et al., 2016, Aerne et al., 2015, Dent et al., 2015, Doggett et al., 2015, Dong et al., 2015, Keder et al., 2015, Sun et al., 2015, Wang and Baker, 2015, Zaessinger et al., 2015, Chen et al., 2014, Huang and Kalderon, 2014, Huang et al., 2014, Rauskolb et al., 2014, Robbins et al., 2014, Tipping and Perrimon, 2014, Deng et al., 2013, Guo et al., 2013, Huang et al., 2013, Jukam et al., 2013, Jukam et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Yin et al., 2013, Hafezi et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Poon et al., 2012, Verghese et al., 2012, Yue et al., 2012, Bao et al., 2011, Fernández et al., 2011, Napoletano et al., 2011, Ohsawa et al., 2011, Poon et al., 2011, Baumgartner et al., 2010, Das Thakur et al., 2010, Grzeschik et al., 2010, Milton et al., 2010, Robinson et al., 2010, Shaw et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Parrish et al., 2009, Rhiner et al., 2009, Dutta and Baehrecke, 2008, Sun et al., 2008, Yu et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2008, Menut et al., 2007, Parrish et al., 2007, Polesello and Tapon, 2007, Tyler and Baker, 2007, Tyler et al., 2007, Wei et al., 2007, Bennett and Harvey, 2006, Cho et al., 2006, Colombani et al., 2006, Edgar, 2006, Emoto et al., 2006, Hamaratoglu et al., 2006, Polesello et al., 2006, Firth and Baker, 2005, Mikeladze-Dvali et al., 2005, Pantalacci, 2003)
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
        • FBgn0026180
        • FBgn0039046
        • FBgn0039047
        • FBgn0046446
        Datasets (1)
        Study focus (1)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        • bait_protein
        Interaction map generated by purification of Hippo pathway factors, with identification of copurifying proteins by mass spectrometry.
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 51 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
        References (262)