border follicle cell & filopodium | somatic clone
border follicle cell & filopodium | somatic clone | cell non-autonomous
shg1 heterozygous females show fewer germline stem cells per niche in the germarium.
The ommatidial under-rotation of Scer\GAL4hs.2sev>shgdCR3h.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-rs eyes is enhanced in flies with a shg1/+ background.
Clones mutant for shg1 in the imaginal wing disc have a roundish smooth shape and their cells are apically constricted.
Homozygous mutant embryos lack a head and ventral epidermis, which results in a lack of head and ventral cuticle. When homozygous somatic clones are made in nurse cells or border cells, the border cells are prevented from penetrating between nurse cells. The oocyte is also often mislocalized in clones, both germ-line clones and somatic clones in the follicle cells. When somatic clones are made in the follicle cells, mutant cells sort away from wild-type generating a smooth boundary at the interface.
Border cells in ovaries where the nurse cells are somatic clones of shg1, fail to migrate and do not form long (20-40 μm) or intermediate length (10-20 μm) cellular extensions. This is also the case for border cells that are part of a shg1 somatic clone, whether or not the adjacent nurse cells are also shg1 mutant.
When homozygous somatic clones are made in the thoracic epithelium, mutant cells have a smaller apical surface than their wild-type neighbours. Apical-basal polarity is defective in these cells.
Homozygous female germ line clones give rise to egg chambers with misplaced oocytes in 73% of cases. Region 2 cysts never stretch across the whole width of the germarium, thereby preventing the positioning of the oocyte in the centre of the flattened disk. The oocyte occupies random positions in these cysts. The misplaced oocytes are properly determined and have a normal karyosome. The oocyte is misplaced in 23% of mosaic cysts which contain a homozygous clone that includes the follicle cells at the posterior of the cyst. The misplaced oocyte lies adjacent to the wild-type follicle cells in these mosaic cysts. The oocyte is correctly localised in mosaic cysts where the homozygous clone includes only lateral or anterior follicle cells.
Eggs chambers of homozygous female germline clones show a number of defects, including mispositioning of the oocyte and disruptions of the actin cytoskeleton (such as floating ring canals). Nurse cells are an irregular size and shape and can be multinucleate. Nurse cell dumping is inhibited.
embryonic lethal. Embryonic cuticle has many small holes with necrotic rims. Head grossly distorted. Weak alleles show head defects and irregular flaws in segmentation pattern.
shg1 has decreased cell number | oogenesis | dominant phenotype, non-enhanceable by trolGD12341/Scer\GAL4bab1-Gal4
shg[+]/shg1 is an enhancer of abnormal planar polarity phenotype of Scer\GAL4hs.2sev, nmoUAS.cUa
shg1 is an enhancer of abnormal cell polarity phenotype of S05671
shg1 is an enhancer of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4en-e16E, armUAS.cWa
shg1 is an enhancer of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF, armUAS.cWa
shg1 is a non-enhancer of abnormal planar polarity | adult stage phenotype of FrlDN.UAS, Scer\GAL4sev.EP
shg1 is a suppressor of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF, shgi.UAS.Tag:SS(aos),Tag:MYC
shg1 is a suppressor of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4en-e16E, shgi.UAS.Tag:SS(aos),Tag:MYC
shg1 has germarium region 1 phenotype, non-enhanceable by trolGD12341/Scer\GAL4bab1-Gal4
shg1 has female germline stem cell | decreased number phenotype, non-enhanceable by trolGD12341/Scer\GAL4bab1-Gal4
shg[+]/shg1 is an enhancer of germarium cap cell phenotype of Scer\GAL4bab1-Gal4, trolGD12341
shg[+]/shg1 is an enhancer of germarium region 1 phenotype of Scer\GAL4bab1-Gal4, trolGD12341
shg[+]/shg1 is an enhancer of female germline stem cell | decreased number phenotype of Scer\GAL4bab1-Gal4, trolGD12341
shg[+]/shg1 is an enhancer of ommatidium phenotype of Scer\GAL4hs.2sev, nmoUAS.cUa
shg1 is an enhancer of ommatidium phenotype of S05671
shg1 is an enhancer of wing phenotype of Scer\GAL4en-e16E, armUAS.cWa
shg1 is an enhancer of eye phenotype of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF, armUAS.cWa
shg1 is a non-enhancer of ommatidium phenotype of FrlDN.UAS, Scer\GAL4sev.EP
shg[+]/shg1 is a suppressor | partially of ommatidium phenotype of ecspok
shg1 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF, shgi.UAS.Tag:SS(aos),Tag:MYC
shg1 is a suppressor of wing phenotype of Scer\GAL4en-e16E, shgi.UAS.Tag:SS(aos),Tag:MYC
knk1, shg1 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype
Gfat1zep-LP13/zep[+], shg1 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype
knk1/knk[+], shg1 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype
Gfat1zep-LP13, shg1 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype
Presence of shg1 does not significantly alter eye phenotypes seen in flies with FrlDN.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4sev.EP.
shg1/+ enhances the ommatidial over-rotation phenotype which is caused by expression of nmoScer\UAS.cUa under the control of Scer\GAL4hs.2sev.
Scer\GAL4arm.PS mediated expression of one or two doses of argos::shgi.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC fails to rescue the shg1/shg2 mutant phenotype. Scer\GAL4arm.PS mediated expression of argos::shgi.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in shg1 heterozygotes causes adhesion defects; 10-20% embryos exhibit strong head defects and holes in the ventral cuticle.
shg1 is rescued by shgUAS.cSa/Scer\GAL4arm.PS
shg1 is partially rescued by shgGGG-AAA.αTub84B
shg1 is partially rescued by shgΔβ.αTub84B
shg1 is partially rescued by shgαTub84B.PP
Scer\GAL4arm.PS mediated expression of shgScer\UAS.cSa rescues the cuticle to wild type and rescues most embryos to hatching.