NMJ size is significantly reduced in S6kIIign-Δ58-1 mutants compared with wild type controls. The number and area of pre-synaptic active zones per NMJ is significantly reduced in S6kIIign-Δ58-1 mutants. The number and area of post-synaptic GluRIID fields are also reduced. The ratio between active zones and GluRIID fields is unchanged from wild type and no apposition defects are observed. Bouton number is increased, but they are smaller in size and contain fewer synaptic sites.
The amplitude of spontaneous miniature excitatory junctional potentials is reduced in S6kIIign-Δ58-1 mutant larvae.
In the axons of S6kIIign-Δ58-1 mutant larvae, fewer mitochondria are transported in the anterograde direction compared with controls. The percentage of stationary mitochondria is significantly increased. Transport of mitochondria in the retrograde direction is unaffected.
Mutant flies have a short locomotor activity circadian period compared to wild type.
The circadian periodicity of locomotor activity in S6kIIign-Δ58-1 mutant adults at 20'C is > 1hour shorter than that seen in controls. At higher temperatures, this difference with controls is reduced. Resetting of the circadian cycle by light occurs normally in these animals.
Absolute bouton number at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) at segment A3 in muscle 6/7 is significantly higher in S6kIIign-Δ58-1 third instar larvae compared to controls. The bouton number per muscle area is also significantly higher in the mutant larvae compared to controls. Both type 1s and type 1b boutons show an increase in absolute bouton number at the NMJ and an increase in bouton number per muscle area.
The average number of synapses per bouton and the size of synapses at the NMJ of S6kIIign-Δ58-1 larvae is not significantly different from that of wild-type larvae.
S6kIIign-Δ24-3/S6kIIign-Δ58-1 flies show reduced operant conditioning measured by heat box learning in both genders. However, S6kIIign-Δ58-1 homozygotes do not show this phenotype.
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 males and females show an impairment in pavlovian olfactory discrimination learning, with a 40% lower performance index in 3 min, 30 min and 3 hour memory. However, S6kIIign-Δ58-1/Y; S6kIIt6.5/+ flies perform as well as wild-type flies in pavlovian oflactory conditioning memory tests.
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 has abnormal locomotor rhythm phenotype, suppressible by CkIIβAnd
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 has abnormal locomotor rhythm phenotype, suppressible by CkIIαTik
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 has abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by rl[+]/rl10a
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is a non-suppressor of abnormal locomotor rhythm phenotype of CkIIβAnd
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is a non-suppressor of abnormal locomotor rhythm phenotype of CkIIαTik
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 has NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by rl[+]/rl10a
CkIIβAnd/Y or CkIIαTik/Y suppress the shorter circadian periodicity of locomotor activity seen in S6kIIign-Δ58-1/Y mutant adults. The resulting animals have a longer circadian periodicity of locomotor activity than wild-type or S6kIIign-P1/Y controls - a phenotype identical to that seen in S6kIIign-Δ58-1/Y mutant adults.
The increase in bouton number per muscle area that is seen at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in S6kIIign-Δ58-1 larvae is significantly suppressed by rl10a/+, although the increase in absolute bouton number that is seen at the NMJ in S6kIIign-Δ58-1 larvae is not suppressed by rl10a/+.
S6kIIign-Δ58-1/Y ; rlSem/+ double mutant larvae do not have a higher number of boutons at the neuromuscular junction than either single mutant.
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is rescued by S6kIIUAS.cBa/Scer\GAL4tim.UAS
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is rescued by S6kIIUAS.cBa/Scer\GAL4P2.4.Pdf
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is rescued by S6kIIt6.5
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is rescued by S6kIIEGFP
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is rescued by S6kIIt6.5
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is partially rescued by S6kII+tCH322-75N12
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4tim.PE/S6kIIUAS.cRa
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is partially rescued by S6kIIUAS.cRa/Scer\GAL4tim.UAS
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is partially rescued by S6kIIUAS.cRa/Scer\GAL4P2.4.Pdf
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is partially rescued by S6kIIUAS.cRa/Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is not rescued by S6kIIR902A.UAS.Tag:MYC/Scer\GAL4tim.UAS
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is not rescued by S6kIIK213R.R902A.UAS.Tag:MYC/Scer\GAL4tim.UAS
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is not rescued by S6kIIK597M.UAS.Tag:MYC/Scer\GAL4P2.4.Pdf
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is not rescued by S6kIIT732A.UAS.Tag:MYC/Scer\GAL4P2.4.Pdf
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is not rescued by S6kIIS515A.UAS.Tag:MYC/Scer\GAL4tim.UAS
S6kIIign-Δ58-1 is not rescued by S6kIIS515D.UAS.Tag:MYC/Scer\GAL4tim.UAS
Expression of S6kII+tCH322-75N12 suppresses the reduction in NMJ size, and reduced number and area of pre-synaptic active zones seen in S6kIIign-Δ58-1 mutants, but does not suppress the reduced number and area of post-synaptic GluRIID fields. The reduction in spontaneous miniature excitatory junctional potential (mini) amplitude is not rescued. Frequency of minis and quantal content (the number of vesicles releases per action potential) are similar to wild type.
Expression of S6kIIScer\UAS.cBa under the control of Scer\GAL4tim.Scer\UAS or Scer\GAL4P2.4.Pdf completely rescues the short-period locomotor activity phenotype of S6kIIign-Δ58-1 flies.
Expression of S6kIIK231R.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC under the control of Scer\GAL4tim.Scer\UAS rescues the short-period locomotor activity phenotype of S6kIIign-Δ58-1 flies.
Expression of S6kIIT732E.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC under the control of Scer\GAL4P2.4.Pdf rescues the short-period locomotor activity phenotype of S6kIIign-Δ58-1 flies.
Expression of S6kIIK597M.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC or S6kIIT732A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC under the control of Scer\GAL4P2.4.Pdf fails to rescue the short-period locomotor activity phenotype of S6kIIign-Δ58-1 flies.
Expression of either S6kIIR902A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC, S6kIIK213R.R902A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC, S6kIIS515A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC or S6kIIS515D.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC under the control of Scer\GAL4tim.Scer\UAS fails to rescue the short-period locomotor activity phenotype of S6kIIign-Δ58-1 flies.
The defects in locomotor circadian rhythm seen in S6kIIign-Δ58-1 mutant adults are rescued by S6kIIt6.5 (insertion P{S6kIIt6.5}5-5) and partially rescued by S6kScer\UAS.cMa with Scer\GAL4tim.PE, Scer\GAL4tim.Scer\UAS or Scer\GAL4P2.4.Pdf.