FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\per[L1]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\per^L1

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0013653

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\per

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

per^L

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Kyriacou, 1990)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Amino acid replacement: V243D.

(Curtin et al., 1995, Huang et al., 1995, Colot et al., 1988)

The missense mutation falls in the PAS domain.

(Huang et al., 1995)

Amino acid replacement: V243D. V243 lies in a conserved hydrophobic region just N-terminal to the first PAS repeat.

(Huang et al., 1993)

Nucleotide substitution.

(Tully et al., 1992)

Nucleotide substitution: T3629A.

(Gailey et al., 1991)

Missense mutation.

(Hardin et al., 1990)

Nucleotide substitution: T?A. Amino acid replacement: V245D. Mutation is in exon 3.

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

X:2,689,032..2,689,032 [+]

Nucleotide change:

T2689032A

Amino acid change:

V243D | per-PA; V243D | per-PB

Reported amino acid change:

V243D

Comment:

Site of nucleotide substitution in mutant inferred by FlyBase based on reported amino acid change.

(Colot et al., 1988)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

per^L1 mutant adults have their longest daytime sleep bout significantly later than controls.

(Lamaze et al., 2018)

Majority of per^L1 mutant adults show a distinct ultradian rhythmicity in walking activity under constant light conditions, which however is not significantly different from that exhibited by wild-type flies. per^L1 flies do not show ultradian rhythmicity in walking under constant dark conditions.

(Seki and Tanimura, 2014)

per^L1 mutants exhibit period lengths than are not temperature compensated and that lengthen with higher temperatures.

(Saez et al., 2011)

Mutant flies have locomotor activity rhythms with 28.1 hour periods (longer than wild type) when the free running period is determined in constant darkness conditions at 25[o]C after 4 days of 12 hour light: 12 hour dark conditions.

(Sun et al., 2010)

Under constant darkness conditions at 25[o]C, flies show rhythmic locomotor activity, but the period is longer than the wild-type period length (29.0 +/- 0.6 hours compared to 24.0 +/- 0.1 hours respectively).

The evening peak of activity occurs later than normal in mutant flies under 12 hour light: 12 hour dark conditions.

(Ko et al., 2007)

Mutant flies have a circadian locomotor activity period of 29.6 +/- 0.1 hours (compared to 23.6 +/- 0.1 hours for wild-type flies).

(Lin et al., 2002)

Shows a temperature compensation defect in that average period differs by 2.3hr between 20^oC and 29^oC.

(Bao et al., 2001)

per^L1 flies show normal initial behavioural response to cocaine exposure, but not sensitization to a subsequent exposure.

(Andretic et al., 1999)

The period of the interpulse interval (IPI) of the male courtship song is 72.0 seconds (wild-type value is 67.9 seconds).

(Alt et al., 1998)

Mean courtship bout duration in per^L1 males is not significantly different from that of wild-type males.

(Roche et al., 1998)

19% of flies are arrhythmic with respect to locomotor activity under constant darkness conditions. The period of activity is 28.8 +/- 0.2 hours (longer than wild-type flies).

(Rutila et al., 1998)

Homozygous flies show nocturnal activity rhythm at both 25^oC and 30^oC under 12 hour light:12 hour dark conditions. Flies show clear freerunning locomotor activity rhythms under constant darkness. The freerunning period decreases significantly with decreased temperature, in contrast to wild-type flies which show little change in freerunning period with increased temperature. Locomotor rhythms can be entrained to temperature cycles under constant lighting conditions, but the entrainability is reduced compared to wild-type flies.

(Tomioka et al., 1998)

Circadian period is 29 hours.

(Rutila et al., 1996)

Lengthen circadian rhythms.

(Zeng et al., 1996)

Free running period of 29.6 hours.

(Curtin et al., 1995)

Mutation has no effect on larval heartbeat.

(Dowse et al., 1995)

Lengthens the free-running period of the locomotor activity rhythm from 24 to 28.5 hours under constant darkness.

(Murata et al., 1995)

No larvae exhibit appreciable diel rhythms under cycling conditions of light or temperature. Larvae are also not rhythmic under free-running conditions.

(Sawin et al., 1994)

Mutants display long circadian rhythm and males produce long song rhythms. This genetic coupling found in males does not extend to females, females have a preference for wild type courtship song over the mutant long song rhythm.

(Greenacre et al., 1993)

Long cycle duration, the evening peak of activity is shifted to a later time than wild type.

(Hamblen-Coyle et al., 1992)

Evening activity peak is shifted to an later time in light-dark regimes.

(Hardin et al., 1992)

Males perform poorly in conditioned inhibition of courtship toward females but males learn normally when they were exposed longer to females during training. Males also suppress their courtship of immature males.

(Tully et al., 1992)

Measures of acquisition at intermediate and maximum levels and of 30 min memory retention are normal. Mean Courtship Index (CI) for males exposed to fertilised females for 30 mins does not differ significantly from control males with no courtship experience or after exposure to other fertilised females. After 30 mins exposure of an immature male to another immature male a significantly suppressed response to another immature male is observed. P{per13.2} and P{per14.6} transgenic flies have long-period phenotypes.

(Gailey et al., 1991)

The activity rhythm period of per^L1/Y flies is lengthened by CkIIβ^And, by 1.6 hours.

(Konopka et al., 1991)

Pupal and larval stages are lengthened. The circadian locomotor activity rhythms of adults exhibit 28-30 hour periodicities at 25^oC. At lower temperatures in constant darkness adults exhibited shortened periodicities, at higher temperatures the periodicities were lengthened. In conditions of cycling light (12h light and 12h darkness) the pacemaker can be reset to exhibit 24h rhythmicity and the 'evening peaks' of locomotor activity are in the evening.

(Hall, 1990)

per^L1 larvae develop significantly more slowly than wild-type larvae. per^L1 flies eclose significantly more slowly than wild-type flies.

(Kyriacou et al., 1990)

Individuals have longer circadian rhythms than wild type, eclosion profiles remain arrhythmic under a light dark cyle but can be entrained to a temperature cycle (Konopka, PhD Thesis, Pasadena). The effect on circadian behaviour is matched by the effect on the song cycle, a long 80 sec lovesong cycle (Kyriacou and Hall, Anim Behav 37:850 ). Flies develop slower than wild type under a variety of environmental conditions when the circadian behaviour is arrhythmic (Kyriacou, Heredity, in press). Males show defective courtship conditioning (Jackson, J. Comp. Phys. A 151: 545).

(Kyriacou, 1990)

The average period of locomotor activity rhythm decreases with decreasing temperature. The period decreases by about 1.0 hour when per^L1 flies are transferred to constant infrared light after 10 days of constant light. The light intensity threshold for maximum lengthening of the period and production of arrhythmia is decreased compared to wild-type.

(Konopka et al., 1989)

Mutants show reduced activity of Tdc gene product.

(Livingstone and Tempel, 1983)

circadian rhythms; long period adults stain poorly with anti-PER antibody (Siwicki, Eastman, Petersen, Rosbasch and Hall, 1988)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

per^L1 has abnormal circadian rhythm phenotype, enhanceable by tim^UL

(Rothenfluh et al., 2000)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

per^L1 has abnormal circadian rhythm phenotype, suppressible by dco^S

(Bao et al., 2001)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

per^L1 has abnormal circadian rhythm phenotype, non-suppressible by dco^S

(Bao et al., 2001)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

per^L1 is an enhancer of abnormal circadian rhythm | adult stage phenotype of Df(2L)BSC278/PRL-1^LL07771

(Kula-Eversole et al., 2021)

per^L1 is an enhancer of abnormal circadian rhythm phenotype of tim^UL

(Rothenfluh et al., 2000)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

per^L1 has phenotype, enhanceable by tim^rit

(Matsumoto et al., 1999)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

per^L1 has phenotype, suppressible by tim^SL

(Rutila et al., 1996)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

per^L1 is an enhancer of phenotype of tim^rit

(Matsumoto et al., 1999)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

per^L1 ; CkIIα^Tik/+ flies have a circadian locomotor activity period of 32.5 +/- 0.1 hours (compared to 23.6 +/- 0.1 hours for wild-type flies).

(Lin et al., 2002)

Long circadian period of per^L1 is suppressed by dco^S but the failure of temperature compensation of per^L1 is not.

(Bao et al., 2001)

per^L1;tim^UL flies have a circadian period lengths of about 41.3 hours.

(Rothenfluh et al., 2000)

per^L1, tim^rit double mutants show a period length of 32.9hr at 24^oC, which exceeds that expected for the summation of the individual effects. At 27^oC the period is 44.4hr.

(Matsumoto et al., 1999)

tim^SL can shorten the rhythm to 26 hours in per^L1 mutants. tim^SL can also shorten the time of eclosion.

(Rutila et al., 1996)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

per^SLIH

(Hamblen et al., 1998)

Comments

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

80918

y¹ per^L1 w^*

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Konopka, Benzer.

Comments

Long cycle period.

(Chen et al., 1992)

Long period mutation, cycles are not affected by expression of P{rh-per}.

(Zeng et al., 1994)

per nuclear translocation in pacemaker neurons is delayed compared to wild type, this delay is temperature sensitive.

(Curtin et al., 1995)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (6)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

per^L1

per^L

(Giesecke et al., 2023, Johnstone et al., 2022, Tang et al., 2022, Kula-Eversole et al., 2021, Singh et al., 2019, Fropf et al., 2018, Lamaze et al., 2018, Chen et al., 2015, Jang et al., 2015, Means et al., 2015, Seki and Tanimura, 2014, Tanenhaus et al., 2012, Saez et al., 2011, Sun et al., 2010, Ko et al., 2007, Dunlap, 2006, Schoning and Staiger, 2005, Yildiz et al., 2005, Allada et al., 2003, Stanewsky, 2003, Levine et al., 2002, Panda et al., 2002, Stanewsky, 2002, Bao et al., 2001, Rothenfluh et al., 2000, Sarov-Blat et al., 2000, Young, 2000, Blumenthal and Block, 1999, Matsumoto et al., 1999, Tyson et al., 1999, Alt et al., 1998, Hamblen et al., 1998, Roche et al., 1998, Rutila et al., 1998, Tomioka et al., 1998, Hall, 1997, Plautz et al., 1997, Rosato et al., 1997, Sakamoto et al., 1997, Tomioka et al., 1997, Dunlap, 1996, Lee et al., 1996, Rosbash et al., 1996, Rutila et al., 1996, van Gelder and Krasnow, 1996, Zeng et al., 1996, Barinaga, 1995, Curtin et al., 1995, Dowse et al., 1995, Huang et al., 1995, Levine et al., 1995, Price, 1995, Reppert and Sauman, 1995, Rosbash, 1995, Rutila et al., 1995, Zeng and Rosbash, 1995, Konopka et al., 1994, Kyriacou, 1994, Matsumoto et al., 1994, Sehgal et al., 1994, Zeng et al., 1994, Huang et al., 1993, Takahashi, 1993, Chen et al., 1992, Hardin et al., 1992, Takahashi, 1992, Rutila et al., 1991, Dowse et al., 1990, Kyriacou et al., 1990, Konopka et al., 1989)

per^Long

(Stanewsky, 2003)

per^l

(Lin et al., 2002, Belvin et al., 1999, Greenspan, 1997, Yamamoto et al., 1997, Sehgal et al., 1996, Goldbeter, 1995, Sehgal, 1995, Baylies et al., 1992, Baylies and Young, 1991, Smith and Konopka, 1981, Konopka, 1979)

per^long

(Livingstone and Tempel, 1983)

perL1

(Dunlap, 1996)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (112)

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