FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\br[2Bc-2]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\br^2Bc-2

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0006657

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\br

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

2Bc², l(1)t76

Key Links

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Bayer et al., 1997, Gonzy-Treboul et al., 1995, Gotwals and Fristrom, 1991)

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Liu and Restifo, 1998)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Bayer et al., 1997, Gotwals and Fristrom, 1991, Kiss et al., 1988, Belyaeva et al., 1982)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

lethal | recessive

(Bayer et al., 1997, Karim et al., 1993, Gotwals and Fristrom, 1991, Restifo and White, 1991, Kiss et al., 1988)

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with br^npr-6)

(Tzolovsky et al., 1999)

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive

(Fletcher and Thummel, 1995)

some die during pupal stage (with br^npr-6)

(Tzolovsky et al., 1999)

some die during pupal stage | recessive

(Fletcher and Thummel, 1995)

Phenotype Manifest In

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

br^2Bc-2/Y males raised at 25^oC show malrotated genitalia at full penetrance. Only 1% of br^2Bc-2/Dp(1;Y)y²67g19.1 males raised at 22-23^oC show this phenotype.

(Wilson et al., 2006)

At the onset of pupation, as staged by head eversion, br^2Bc-2 hemizygotes exhibit the following phenotypes: 1. Mutant animals always possess some remnants of the larval proventriculus and gastric caeca, but in some cases they possess larval midgut structures, including a larval esophagus, proventriculus, and gastric caeca. While larval midgut destruction does not occur properly in br^2Bc-2 hemizygotes, the adult epithelium is formed and the midgut appears to be arrested at a stage that is similar to the midgut of wild-type prepupae 2-4 h following puparium formation. 2. DNA fragmentation is detected in all larval midgut cells of br^2Bc-2 hemizygotes at the onset of pupation, as staged by head eversion. 3. Mutant midgut cells contain intact mitochondria and do not exhibit obvious alterations in cytosolic structures from midguts of third instar larvae other than containing large spaces. Between the white prepua stage and head eversion, br^2Bc-2 hemizygous mutant midguts decrease in length by an average of 65% in length compared to 85% in the wild-type.

(Lee et al., 2002)

Hemizygous males show neuropil fusion between the medulla and lobula, and between the lobula and lobula plate. The contour and thickness of the medulla, especially laterally, is irregular.

(Restifo and Wilson, 1998)

Homozygotes arrest development in late prepupae or in early pupae just after head eversion.

(Bayer et al., 1997)

Mutant males form a puparium that appears normal but has an orange cast. Development arrests shortly after pupation.

(Fletcher and Thummel, 1995)

Strong br allele.

(Gonzy-Treboul et al., 1995)

Lethality acts at the late prepupal or early pupal stage.

(Karim et al., 1993)

Failure of salivary gland degeneration. Reduction in dorso-ventral class of indirect flight muscles. Proventriculus abnormality: foregut-midgut junction less proventriculus-like in appearance. Malpighian tubules and yellow body failed to develop, pupae and pharate adults contain multiple convoluted tubules.

(Restifo and White, 1992)

There is no significant interaction between zip and br^2Bc-2.

(Gotwals and Fristrom, 1991)

38% penetrance of abnormal SEG-TG separation phenotype, 34% of individuals have an abnormal optic lobe position and 64% with brain fusion failure. A few individuals also showed failure of head eversion and overt holes in the cuticle.

(Restifo and White, 1991)

Puparium formation delayed by 12 hours. Puparia do not have a barrel-like shape.

(Belyaeva et al., 1982)

Puparium formation delayed 12 hr.

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Other

Statement

Reference

Eip74EF^DL-1, br^2Bc-2 has lethal | recessive | prepupal stage phenotype

(Fletcher and Thummel, 1995)

Eip74EF^neo24, br^2Bc-2 has lethal | recessive | prepupal stage phenotype

(Fletcher and Thummel, 1995)

Phenotype Manifest In

Other

Statement

Reference

Eip74EF^neo24, br^2Bc-2 has imaginal disc phenotype

(Fletcher and Thummel, 1995)

Eip74EF^neo24, br^2Bc-2 has puparium cuticle phenotype

(Fletcher and Thummel, 1995)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Double heterozygotes with Eip74EF^neo24 or Eip74EF^DL-1 show no effect on development. More than 25% of Eip74EF^neo24 carrying a single effective dose of br⁺ formed a misshapen puparium. This phenotype is 100% penetrant in a br^2Bc-2 mutant background. Most double mutants die during the prepupal stage, earlier than either br^2Bc-2 or Eip74EF^neo24 mutants alone. In 16% of double mutants eye development proceeds to the point where pigment can be observed, but other discs do not undergo morphogenesis. In double mutants with Eip74EF^DL-1 the lethal phase shifts earlier to the prepupal stage, and the puparium is extremely curved.

(Fletcher and Thummel, 1995)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Complements

br^BC1

(Gonzy et al., 2002)

Fails to complement

br^npr-6

(Tzolovsky et al., 1999)

Rescued by

br^2Bc-2 is rescued by br^{BRcore.NS.Z3.hs}

(Bayer et al., 1997)

Partially rescued by

br^2Bc-2 is partially rescued by br^BRcore.Z4.hs

(Bayer et al., 1997)

br^2Bc-2 is partially rescued by br^Z2.hs

(Bayer et al., 1997)

Not rescued by

br^2Bc-2 is not rescued by br^{BRcore.Q1.Z1.hs}

(Bayer et al., 1997)

br^2Bc-2 is not rescued by br^{BRcore.TNT.Q1.Z1.hs}

(Bayer et al., 1997)

Comments

Expression of the br^{BRcore.NS.Z3.hs} transgene partially rescues the malrotated genitalia phenotype of br^2Bc-2 males; this is inversely related to temperature, with 40% of flies showing the phenotype at 22-23^oC and only 14% showing the phenotype at 25^oC.

(Wilson et al., 2006)

br^2Bc-2 animals are rescued by expression of br^{BRcore.NS.Z3.hs} during larval development. Rescued flies that eclose have wild-type legs and wings and live for several days as fertile adults. br^2Bc-2 animals are partially rescued by expression of br^Z2.hs during larval development. Rescued flies that eclose have malformed wings and legs and die very soon after eclosing. br^2Bc-2 animals are not rescued by expression of br^{BRcore.Q1.Z1.hs} or br^{BRcore.TNT.Q1.Z1.hs} during larval development. br^BRcore.Z4.hs has a small effect on br^2Bc-2 when expressed using 37^oC heat shocks during larval development; some animals develop into late pupal stages, and very rarely, very malformed animals eclose.

(Bayer et al., 1997)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

29969

y¹ br^2Bc-2/Binsn

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

2Bc2

(Gonzy et al., 2002)

2Bc²

(Wilson et al., 2006, Lee et al., 2002, Biyasheva et al., 2001, Renault et al., 2001, Tzolovsky et al., 1999, Liu and Restifo, 1998, Restifo and Wilson, 1998, Bayer et al., 1997)

br^2Bc-2

l(1)2Bc²

l(1)2Bc^t76

(Belyaeva et al., 1980)

l(1)t76

(Solov'eva, 1992, Mazina et al., 1991, Mazina et al., 1990, Solovyeva and Belyaeva, 1989)

t76

(Belyaeva et al., 1982)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (27)

Report Sections

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