FB2024_04 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\Thor
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Thor
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Thor
Annotation Symbol
CG8846
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0261560
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
24 publicly available
Gene Summary
Thor (Thor) encodes a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein that is controlled by the product of tor. It contributes to translation regulation, response to environmental stress and cell growth regulation. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

4E-BP, 4EBP, d4E-BP, d4EBP, 4E-BP1

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
23F3-23F3
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-10
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:3478434..3479612
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (23 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding
inferred from direct assay
(Igreja et al., 2014, Miron et al., 2001)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:eIF4E1; FB:FBgn0015218
(Hernandez et al., 2005)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:eIF4E4; FB:FBgn0035709
(Hernandez et al., 2005)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:eIF4E5; FB:FBgn0035823
(Hernandez et al., 2005)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:eIF4E7; FB:FBgn0040368
(Hernandez et al., 2005)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:eIF4E3; FB:FBgn0265089
(Hernandez et al., 2005)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000292586
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008606
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (18 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (18 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in antibacterial humoral response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
involved_in cellular response to insulin stimulus
inferred from direct assay
(Miron et al., 2003)
involved_in cellular response to oxidative stress
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Chchd2; FB:FBgn0260747
(Meng et al., 2017)
involved_in determination of adult lifespan
inferred from direct assay
(Zid et al., 2009)
involved_in immune response
inferred from expression pattern
(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
involved_in insulin receptor signaling pathway
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:InR; FB:FBgn0283499
(Tandon and Sarkar, 2021)
inferred from direct assay
(Miron et al., 2003)
involved_in negative regulation of cell size
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Cully et al., 2010)
involved_in negative regulation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex assembly
inferred from direct assay
(Igreja et al., 2014)
involved_in negative regulation of translational initiation
inferred from direct assay
(Igreja et al., 2014)
involved_in regulation of cell growth
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Miron et al., 2001)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Akt; FB:FBgn0010379
(Miron et al., 2001)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Pi3K92E; FB:FBgn0015279
(Miron et al., 2001)
involved_in regulation of mitochondrial translation
inferred from direct assay
(Zid et al., 2009)
involved_in regulation of terminal button organization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Deivasigamani et al., 2014)
involved_in regulation of translation at presynapse, modulating synaptic transmission
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
inferred from direct assay
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
involved_in response to bacterium
inferred from direct assay
(Wagner et al., 2009)
involved_in response to oxidative stress
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Tettweiler et al., 2005)
involved_in response to starvation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Tettweiler et al., 2005)
inferred from direct assay
(Zid et al., 2009)
involved_in triglyceride metabolic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Teleman et al., 2005)
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway
inferred from direct assay
(Tran et al., 2013)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in negative regulation of translational initiation
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008606
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000292586
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Igreja et al., 2014)
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
inferred from direct assay
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
is_active_in neuromuscular junction
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
inferred from direct assay
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000292586
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the eIF4E-binding protein family. (Q9XZ56)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Thor (Thor) encodes a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein that is controlled by the product of tor. It contributes to translation regulation, response to environmental stress and cell growth regulation. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Pathway (FlyBase)
Insulin-like Receptor Signaling Pathway Core Components -
The Insulin-like Receptor (IR) signaling pathway in Drosophila is initiated by the binding of an insulin-like peptides to the Insulin-like receptor (InR). (Adapted from FBrf0232297, FBrf0230017 and FBrf0229989.)
Pvr Signaling Pathway Core Components -
PDGF/VEGF (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)-receptor related (Pvr) encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by the binding of PDGF- and VEGF-related factors (Pvf1,Pvf2 or Pvf3). Pvr has been shown to activate the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade, the PI3K kinase pathway, TORC1 (FBrf0222697), Rho family small GTPases (FBrf0221764, FBrf0180198) and the JNK cascade (FBrf0180198), in a context-dependent manner. (Adapted from FBrf0222697 and FBrf0221727).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Repressor of translation initiation that regulates eIF4E1 activity by preventing its assembly into the eIF4F complex (PubMed:11389445, PubMed:19804760, PubMed:25702871). Hypophosphorylated form competes with eIF4G1 and strongly binds to eIF4E1, leading to repress translation (PubMed:25702871). In contrast, hyperphosphorylated form dissociates from eIF4E1, allowing interaction between eIF4G1 and eIF4E1, leading to initiation of translation (PubMed:25702871). Acts as a regulator of various biological processes, such as innate immunity, cell growth or synaptic transmission (PubMed:10811906, PubMed:11389445, PubMed:27525480). Acts downstream of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) to regulate cell growth (PubMed:11389445). Extends lifespan upon dietary restriction by regulating the mitochondrial translation (PubMed:19804760). Acts as a regulator of lifespan in response to cold by regulating the mitochondrial translation (PubMed:28827349). Acts as a negative regulator of presynaptic release of neurotransmitter in motor neurons: Thor expression is induced in response to insulin signaling, leading to prevent of translation of complexin (cpx), a protein known to regulate the exocytosis of synaptic vesicles (PubMed:27525480). Acts as a negative regulator of synaptic strength at the neuromuscular junction: Thor expression in response to acute fasting prevents translation, thereby suppressing retrograde synaptic enhancement (PubMed:27916456).
(UniProt, Q9XZ56)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

messenger RNA 5' cap binding protein - regulates translation during environmental stress - Ecdysone promotes growth of imaginal discs through the regulation of Thor Acute fasting regulates retrograde synaptic enhancement through a 4E-BP-dependent mechanism

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Thor for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9XZ56)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Thor-RA
FBtr0077524
NM_057947
755
117
Thor-RB
FBtr0345289
NM_001298659
667
117
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

0.85 (northern blot)

(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Thor-PA
FBpp0077213
12.9
117
10.19
Q9XZ56
NP_477295
AAF51100
Thor-PB
FBpp0311456
12.9
117
10.19
Q9XZ56
NP_001285588
AHN54103
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

117 aa isoforms: Thor-PA, Thor-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

117 (aa)

(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Hypophosphorylated Thor/4E-BP competes with eIF4G1 to interact with eIF4E1; insulin stimulated Akt1 or Tor phosphorylation of Thor/4E-BP causes dissociation of the complex allowing eIF4G1 to bind and consequent initiation of translation.

(UniProt, Q9XZ56)
Post Translational Modification

Phosphorylation at Thr-37, Thr-46, Ser-65 and Thr-70, corresponding to the hyperphosphorylated form, impairs its ability to prevent the interaction between eIF4G1 and eIF4E1, without affecting its interaction with free eIF4E1 (PubMed:14645523, PubMed:25702871). Phosphorylated in rtesponse to insulin (PubMed:11389445). Phosphorylation at Thr-46 is regulated by Tor and constitutes the major phosphorylation event that regulates activity (PubMed:14645523).

(UniProt, Q9XZ56)
Domain

The YXXXXLphi motif mediates interaction with eIF4E1 (PubMed:11389445). Compared to other members of the family this YXXXXLphi is atypical and interaction with eIF4E1 is weaker (PubMed:11389445).

(UniProt, Q9XZ56)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Thor using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.85

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
anlage in statu nascendi
(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain anlage in statu nascendi
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
antennal anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
antennal anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior endoderm anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
amnioserosa
(Fisher et al., 2012)
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
amnioserosa
(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
apoptotic amnioserosa
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic Malpighian tubule
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval nervous system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval salivary gland
(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral cord neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral midline of embryo
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
embryonic stage -- adult stage
(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
third instar larval stage
testis
(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
adult stage & oogenesis
nurse cell
(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
ovary
(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
Additional Descriptive Data

Thor transcripts are detected at all stages on northern blots and are strongly induced upon infection. They are observed by in situ hybridization in the embryonic central nervous system and in the reproductive systems of males and females. They are observed third instar male testis and in adult female ovaries.

(Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
medullary zone of lymph gland primary lobe
(Dragojlovic-Munther and Martinez-Agosto, 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Igreja et al., 2014)
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
inferred from direct assay
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
is_active_in neuromuscular junction
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
inferred from direct assay
(Mahoney et al., 2016)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Thor in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 20 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 16 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Thor
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Thor
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 7 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal | recessive
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cell size, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
abnormal feeding behavior, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
abnormal immune response
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ppk.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
abnormal stress response
abnormal stress response, with Scer\GAL4arm.PS
abnormal stress response | adult stage
chemical resistant, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
chemical sensitive
decreased cell number, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
decreased cell number | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
decreased cell size | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
decreased speed of aging, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
long lived, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
long lived | nutrition conditional, with Scer\GAL4arm.PS
short lived
short lived, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
visible, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
visible, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
visible | adult stage
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
1st posterior cell, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
adult abdominal fat mass, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
adult brain, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
dopaminergic PPL1 neuron
embryonic/larval fat body, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
embryonic/larval somatic muscle cell, with Scer\GAL4kirre.PU
embryonic myoblast, with Scer\GAL4kirre.PU
larval multidendritic class IV neuron | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ppk.PU
muscle cell, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
muscle cell of A1-7 dorsal acute muscle 1, with Scer\GAL4kirre.PU
NMJ bouton | decreased number | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
retina, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
segment border muscle cell, with Scer\GAL4kirre.PU
terminal bouton, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
type I bouton, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
wing disc, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing disc | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (4)
Hsap\EIF4EBP1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
3  
Hsap\EIF4EBP2
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\EIF4EBP3
11 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\C8orf88
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)
Rnor\Eif4ebp1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Eif4ebp2
11 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Eif4ebp3
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC100912373
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)
Mmus\Eif4ebp2
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Eif4ebp1
11 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Eif4ebp3
11 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (1)
Xtro\eif4ebp2
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (5)
Drer\eif4ebp1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\eif4ebp2
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\eif4ebp3l
11 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\eif4ebp3
9 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\gra
2 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007781
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Thor. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 )
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1
    12 of 14
    602223
         
        EIF4EBP2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 2
        12 of 14
        602224
             
            EIF4EBP3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 3
            11 of 14
            603483
                Functional Complementation Data
                Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                Interactions
                Summary of Physical Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                Show/hide secondary interactors 
                (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
                Select Layout:
                Legend:
                Protein
                RNA
                Selected Interactor(s)
                Other Interaction Browsers
                View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                RNA-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                Thor - AGO1
                anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
                (Hong et al., 2009)
                Thor - stau
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
                (Mahoney et al., 2016)
                protein-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                Thor - CG15784
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - CG3335
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - CG8060
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - CG8728
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - CG8939
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - CSN4
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - Cul3
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - Hexo2
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - Hsc70-3
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - Hsp68
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - ImpL2
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - Lrrk
                enzymatic study, autoradiography
                (Imai et al., 2008)
                Thor - Lst8
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - NAT1
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - Ns3
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - PRAS40
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - Ref1
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - Rm62
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL10
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL13
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL13A
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL14
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL17
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL18
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL18A
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL23
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL27
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL28
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL30
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL35A
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL36
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL7A
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL8
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpL9
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpS11
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpS14a
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpS15Aa
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpS23
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpS6
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpS7
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - RpS9
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - Rpp20
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - Rpp25
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - Sarm
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - Sin1
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - UQCR-C1
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - alt
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - eIF3g1
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - eIF4E1
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant, Identification by mass spectrometry, two hybrid, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining, x-ray crystallography, far western blotting, autoradiography
                (Grüner et al., 2016, Vinayagam et al., 2016, Peter et al., 2015, Peter et al., 2015, Igreja et al., 2014, Hernández et al., 2013, Hernandez et al., 2012, Glatter et al., 2011, Hernandez et al., 2005)
                Thor - eIF4E3
                two hybrid
                (Layana et al., 2023, Hernandez et al., 2005)
                Thor - eIF4E4
                two hybrid
                (Hernandez et al., 2012, Hernandez et al., 2005)
                Thor - eIF4E5
                two hybrid
                (Shao et al., 2023, Hernandez et al., 2012, Hernandez et al., 2005)
                Thor - eIF4E7
                two hybrid
                (Hernandez et al., 2005)
                Thor - mTor
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - nonA
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - qkr58E-3
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - raptor
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - sqd
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - unk
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Glatter et al., 2011)
                Thor - vig2
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Thor - yps
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                Summary of Genetic Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show/hide secondary interactors 
                (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
                esyN Network Key:
                Suppression
                Enhancement
                Other Interaction Browsers
                View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                Thor
                suppressible
                Madm
                (Mushtaq et al., 2022)
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                Akt
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Miron et al., 2001)
                Chchd2
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Meng et al., 2017)
                Cul1
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Wong et al., 2013)
                Ddrgk1
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Li et al., 2023)
                eIF4E1|park
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Ottone et al., 2011)
                foxo
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Tettweiler, 2005, Tettweiler et al., 2005)
                LamC
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Chandran et al., 2019)
                LamC
                enhanceable
                Thor
                (Chandran et al., 2019)
                Lrrk
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Lee et al., 2010, Imai et al., 2008)
                Madm
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Mushtaq et al., 2022)
                park
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Tain et al., 2009)
                Pi3K92E|btl::Egfr
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Read et al., 2009)
                Pink1
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Koh et al., 2012, Tain et al., 2009)
                Vap33
                suppressible
                Thor
                (Deivasigamani et al., 2014)
                External Data
                Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
                Hypophosphorylated Thor/4E-BP competes with eIF4G1 to interact with eIF4E1; insulin stimulated Akt1 or Tor phosphorylation of Thor/4E-BP causes dissociation of the complex allowing eIF4G1 to bind and consequent initiation of translation.
                (UniProt, Q9XZ56 )
                Linkouts
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                Pathways
                Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                Insulin-like Receptor Signaling Pathway Core Components -
                The Insulin-like Receptor (IR) signaling pathway in Drosophila is initiated by the binding of an insulin-like peptides to the Insulin-like receptor (InR). (Adapted from FBrf0232297, FBrf0230017 and FBrf0229989.)
                Pvr Signaling Pathway Core Components -
                PDGF/VEGF (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)-receptor related (Pvr) encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by the binding of PDGF- and VEGF-related factors (Pvf1,Pvf2 or Pvf3). Pvr has been shown to activate the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade, the PI3K kinase pathway, TORC1 (FBrf0222697), Rho family small GTPases (FBrf0221764, FBrf0180198) and the JNK cascade (FBrf0180198), in a context-dependent manner. (Adapted from FBrf0222697 and FBrf0221727).
                Metabolic Pathways
                External Data
                Linkouts
                KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                Chromosome (arm)
                2L
                Recombination map
                2-10
                Cytogenetic map
                23F3-23F3
                Sequence location
                FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Evidence for location
                23F3-23F3
                Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}ThorEP818&P{lacW}Thork07736 and P{PZ}oddrF111&P{PZ}for06860
                Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Notes
                References
                23F5-23F6
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Spradling et al., 1999)
                23F-24A
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Rodriguez et al., 1996)
                23F5-23F6
                (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
                Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                Location

                2-10

                (FlyBase, 2016)

                2-8.3

                (Comeron et al., 2012)
                Left of (cM)
                Right of (cM)
                Notes
                Stocks and Reagents
                Stocks (24)
                Genomic Clones (18)
                 

                Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

                cDNA Clones (73)
                 

                Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                RNAi and Array Information
                Linkouts
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                Antibody Information
                Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                 
                Commercially Available Antibodies
                 
                Cell Line Information
                Publicly Available Cell Lines
                 
                  Other Stable Cell Lines
                   
                    Other Comments

                    The Thor translational inhibitor is a relevant foxo target gene. Cellular stress may activate foxo and inhibit growth through the action of target genes such as Thor. Transcriptionally downregulated after 2h of insulin stimulation in Kc167 cells. Contains fkh response elements (FHREs) in the genomic upstream or intronic sequences.

                    (Junger et al., 2003)

                    Thor participates in host immune defence and connects a translational regulator with innate immunity.

                    (Bernal and Kimbrell, 2000)

                    The activity of eIF-4E is modulated by phosphorylation and by direct interaction with Thor.

                    (Lachance and Lasko, 1997)

                    Identified in a screen to find interactors with eIF-4E from a cDNA expression library. When bound to eIF-4E, Thor prevents the integration of eIF-4E into the translationally active eIF-4F complex. Thor may be involved in the translational regulation of specific mRNAs throughout development and adult fly life.

                    (Miron et al., 1997)

                    Cg25C is a member of the infection inducible enhancer detector strains.

                    (Rodriguez et al., 1996)
                    Relationship to Other Genes
                    Source for database merge of

                    Source for merge of: Thor l(2)06270

                    (Mendes et al., 2009)

                    Source for merge of: Thor anon-WO0172774.158

                    (FlyBase, 1996-)
                    Additional comments

                    "l(2)06270" probably corresponds to "Thor"; the P{PZ} insertion in the "l(2)0627006270" allele maps 20bp upstream of the 5' end of the CT9265 transcript of "Thor".

                    (Misra, 2000.11.18)

                    Source for merge of Thor anon-WO0172774.158 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

                    (FlyBase, 1996-)
                    Nomenclature History
                    Source for database identify of
                    Nomenclature comments
                    Etymology

                    Ecol\lacZ reporter gene expression from the Thor enhancer trap insertion P{lacW}Thork13517 increases upon infection, and so the gene is named "Thor" after the Nordic legendary character that was often called upon to use his hammer to protect mankind from harm.

                    (Rodriguez et al., 1996)
                    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (45)
                    Reported As
                    Symbol Synonym
                    153432_at
                    (Kristensen et al., 2005)
                    43-BP
                    (Hietakangas and Cohen, 2007)
                    4E-BP
                    (Yun et al., 2024, Bakopoulos et al., 2023, Banzai and Nishimura, 2023, Dai et al., 2023, Feng et al., 2023, Li et al., 2023, Sanal et al., 2023, Tuo et al., 2023, Bahuguna et al., 2022, Lee et al., 2022, Myers et al., 2022, Noguchi et al., 2022, Wang et al., 2022, Zhao et al., 2022, Baumgartner et al., 2021, Chatterjee and Perrimon, 2021, Han et al., 2021, Hou and Pei, 2021, Layalle et al., 2021, Liguori et al., 2021, Ma et al., 2021, McDonald et al., 2021, Oliveira et al., 2021, Song et al., 2021, Yang et al., 2021, Yang et al., 2021, Yoshinari et al., 2021, Yu and Hyun, 2021, Cheng et al., 2020, Chittoor-Vinod et al., 2020, Frank et al., 2020, Jawkar and Nongthomba, 2020, Kim et al., 2020, Kim et al., 2020, Ma et al., 2020, Miller et al., 2020, Chatterjee et al., 2019, Harsh et al., 2019, Wei et al., 2019, Xi et al., 2019, Zheng et al., 2019, Inoue et al., 2018, Kang et al., 2018, Liu et al., 2018, Nowak et al., 2018, Rode et al., 2018, Staats et al., 2018, Tamirisa et al., 2018, Zeng et al., 2018, Chang et al., 2017, Hoedjes et al., 2017, Huang et al., 2017, Kang et al., 2017, Kim et al., 2017, Lee et al., 2017, Mathew et al., 2017, Meng et al., 2017, Murillo-Maldonado and Riesgo-Escovar, 2017, Vasudevan et al., 2017, Wu et al., 2017, Yun et al., 2017, Brill et al., 2016, David-Morrison et al., 2016, Donovan and Marr, 2016, Kakanj et al., 2016, Langston et al., 2016, Tio et al., 2016, Calap-Quintana et al., 2015, Das and Dobens, 2015, Figueroa-Clarevega and Bilder, 2015, Fischer et al., 2015, Frankel et al., 2015, Kohlmaier et al., 2015, Lin et al., 2015, Mensah et al., 2015, Nässel et al., 2015, Obata and Miura, 2015, Okada et al., 2015, Suh et al., 2015, Tiebe et al., 2015, Yan et al., 2015, Charroux and Royet, 2014, Huang et al., 2014, Igreja et al., 2014, Lanet and Maurange, 2014, Liu et al., 2014, Metaxakis et al., 2014, Mirth et al., 2014, Mulakkal et al., 2014, Obata et al., 2014, Owusu-Ansah and Perrimon, 2014, Ulgherait et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Bai et al., 2013, Esslinger et al., 2013, Hernández et al., 2013, Hwang et al., 2013, Ibar et al., 2013, Karpac et al., 2013, Kayashima et al., 2013, Kwak et al., 2013, Lanet et al., 2013, Mason-Suares et al., 2013, Olson et al., 2013, Owusu-Ansah et al., 2013, Subramanian et al., 2013, Tixier et al., 2013, Tran et al., 2013, Wong et al., 2013, Bolukbasi et al., 2012, Hernandez et al., 2012, Homem and Knoblich, 2012, Iliadi et al., 2012, Lee et al., 2012, Pallares-Cartes et al., 2012, Poernbacher et al., 2012, Rera et al., 2012, Xu et al., 2012, Zitserman et al., 2012, Alic et al., 2011, Alic et al., 2011, Boyd et al., 2011, Liu et al., 2011, Muñoz-Soriano and Paricio, 2011, Oldham, 2011, Ottone et al., 2011, Partridge et al., 2011, Slack et al., 2011, Söderberg et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Bauer et al., 2010, Bjedov et al., 2010, Bryk et al., 2010, Demontis and Perrimon, 2010, Gehrke et al., 2010, Grönke et al., 2010, Kim et al., 2010, Kühnlein, 2010, LaFever et al., 2010, Lam et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2010, Liu and Lu, 2010, Mahapatra et al., 2010, Mesquita et al., 2010, Stumpfe et al., 2010, Iwasaki et al., 2009, Tain et al., 2009, Duncan, 2008, Flatt et al., 2008, Harvey et al., 2008, Hernandez et al., 2008, Imai et al., 2008, Lee et al., 2008, Lee et al., 2008, Teleman et al., 2008, Wang et al., 2008, Yu et al., 2008, Ahrens et al., 2007, Hoshizaki and Gibbs, 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Fuss et al., 2006, Hennig et al., 2006, Teleman and Cohen, 2006, Colombani et al., 2005, Hernandez et al., 2005, King-Jones and Thummel, 2005, Teleman et al., 2005, Teleman et al., 2005, Jenkins and Lasko, 2004, Jorgensen and Tyers, 2004, Pan et al., 2004, Nijhout, 2003, Oldham and Hafen, 2003, Saucedo and Edgar, 2002, Adams et al., 2000, Lehner, 1999, Won et al., 1999, Lachance and Lasko, 1997, Miron et al., 1997)
                    4E-BP1
                    (Johnson and Leatherman, 2021, Chatterjee et al., 2019, Xia et al., 2016, Griciuc et al., 2014, Lin et al., 2013, Chakrabarti et al., 2012, Findlay et al., 2007, Findlay et al., 2005, McManus and Alessi, 2002)
                    4EBP
                    (Krejčová et al., 2023, Li et al., 2023, Lovegrove et al., 2023, Mirzoyan et al., 2023, Deshpande et al., 2022, Ratnaparkhi and Sudhakaran, 2022, Clerbaux et al., 2021, Zhao et al., 2021, Bjedov and Rallis, 2020, Coelho, 2020, Ingaramo et al., 2020, Koyama et al., 2020, Kwon et al., 2020, Luo et al., 2020, P et al., 2020, Sênos Demarco et al., 2020, Texada et al., 2020, Yuan et al., 2020, Katsube et al., 2019, Texada et al., 2019, Moehlman et al., 2018, Haller et al., 2017, Kapahi et al., 2017, Lee et al., 2017, Lin et al., 2017, Strilbytska et al., 2017, Barry and Thummel, 2016, Dobson et al., 2016, Hentze et al., 2015, Kim and Lee, 2015, Matsuda et al., 2015, Ghosh et al., 2014, Gündner et al., 2014, Liu et al., 2014, Metaxakis et al., 2014, Song et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Koyama et al., 2013, Na et al., 2013, Okamoto et al., 2013, Rajan and Perrimon, 2013, Rallis et al., 2013, Tixier et al., 2013, Grewal, 2012, Kapuria et al., 2012, Wang et al., 2012, Musselman et al., 2011, Birse et al., 2010, Cully et al., 2010, Francis et al., 2010, Zhang et al., 2010, Hyun et al., 2009, Nuzhdin et al., 2009, Wang et al., 2009, McNeill et al., 2008, Wang et al., 2008, Hall et al., 2007, Hietakangas and Cohen, 2007, Libert, 2007, Wessells et al., 2007, Yoshikane et al., 2007, Zid et al., 2007, Edgar, 2006, Lasko, 2000)
                    4e-BP
                    (Frank, 2014, Soh et al., 2013)
                    4e-bp
                    (Harvey et al., 2008)
                    4eBP
                    (Post et al., 2019, Mahoney et al., 2016, Barrio et al., 2014, Slack et al., 2010, Naylor and Tatar, 2007)
                    4ebp
                    (Li et al., 2023, Ohhara and Yamanaka, 2022, Ohhara et al., 2021, Pathak and Varghese, 2021, Fan et al., 2020, Strilbytska et al., 2020, Kang et al., 2017, Liao et al., 2017, Chen et al., 2015, Alic et al., 2014, Becker et al., 2010, Hsieh et al., 2010)
                    BcDNA.HL08053
                    (Tsang, 1999.3.2)
                    BcDNA:HL08053
                    CG8846
                    (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Glatter et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ellis and Carney, 2010, Mosallanejad et al., 2010, Sun et al., 2010, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Hernandez-Romano et al., 2008, Pal et al., 2007, Pile et al., 2003)
                    CT8705
                    (Ceriani et al., 2002)
                    Dm 4E-BP
                    (Miron et al., 1999)
                    Phas1
                    (Kai et al., 2005, Coulier et al., 2000, Lemaitre, 2000.12.20, Misra, 2000.11.18, Spradling et al., 1999)
                    Thor
                    (Balakireva et al., 2024, Hersperger et al., 2024, Kosakamoto et al., 2024, Li et al., 2024, Mattila et al., 2024, Srivastav et al., 2024, Abruzzi et al., 2023, Bland, 2023, Deng et al., 2023, Floc'hlay et al., 2023, Khalili et al., 2023, Layana et al., 2023, Lovegrove et al., 2023, Shao et al., 2023, Wippich et al., 2023, Adashev et al., 2022, Beaver et al., 2022, Deshpande et al., 2022, Ding et al., 2022, Karam et al., 2022, Liu et al., 2022, Mushtaq et al., 2022, National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Sano et al., 2022, Varga et al., 2022, Yan et al., 2022, Bonfini et al., 2021, De Groef et al., 2021, Fabian et al., 2021, Gan et al., 2021, He et al., 2021, Keith et al., 2021, Morin-Poulard et al., 2021, Pennemann et al., 2021, Tiwari and Mandal, 2021, Wang et al., 2021, Wang et al., 2021, Zhou et al., 2021, Chattopadhyay and Thirumurugan, 2020, Feuillette et al., 2020, Funk et al., 2020, Hood et al., 2020, Khan et al., 2020, Kierdorf et al., 2020, Luo et al., 2020, Nakamura et al., 2020, Neamtu et al., 2020, Tang et al., 2020, Vandehoef et al., 2020, Banerjee et al., 2019, Blice-Baum et al., 2019, Brunet Avalos et al., 2019, Chandran et al., 2019, Erwin and Blumenstiel, 2019, Houtz et al., 2019, Huang et al., 2019, Kockel et al., 2019, Krittika and Yadav, 2019, Li et al., 2019, Melcarne et al., 2019, Scopelliti et al., 2019, Stobdan et al., 2019, Zirin et al., 2019, Buhler et al., 2018, Duncan et al., 2018, Kang et al., 2018, Levis, 2018.8.30, Lin et al., 2018, Lopez et al., 2018, Ugrankar et al., 2018, Liao et al., 2017, Tsuyama et al., 2017, Vasudevan et al., 2017, Wang et al., 2017, Xu et al., 2017, Dobson et al., 2016, Gajan et al., 2016, Grüner et al., 2016, Kim et al., 2016, Kučerová et al., 2016, Strigini and Leulier, 2016, Vinayagam et al., 2016, Cagin et al., 2015, Calap-Quintana et al., 2015, Frankel et al., 2015, Hamilton et al., 2015, Katzenberger et al., 2015, Kohyama-Koganeya et al., 2015, Kopp et al., 2015, Kwon et al., 2015, Matsuda et al., 2015, Mensah et al., 2015, Peter et al., 2015, Peter et al., 2015, Sieber and Spradling, 2015, Wei et al., 2015, Bischof and FlyORF project members, 2014.6.20, Deivasigamani et al., 2014, Horiguchi et al., 2014, Igreja et al., 2014, Mirth et al., 2014, Mulakkal et al., 2014, Obata et al., 2014, Ruiz et al., 2014, Taylor et al., 2014, Ciurciu et al., 2013, Gendrin et al., 2013, Hernández et al., 2013, Kayashima et al., 2013, Nowak et al., 2013, Okamoto et al., 2013, Rallis et al., 2013, Soh et al., 2013, Subramanian et al., 2013, Taliaferro et al., 2013, Garelli et al., 2012, Koh et al., 2012, Paik et al., 2012, Pallares-Cartes et al., 2012, Papatheodorou et al., 2012, Pezzulo et al., 2012, Rera et al., 2012, Rynes et al., 2012, Tokusumi et al., 2012, Wong et al., 2012, Yampolsky et al., 2012, Ye et al., 2012, Zhang et al., 2012, Glatter et al., 2011, Marcu et al., 2011, Muñoz-Soriano and Paricio, 2011, Bauer et al., 2010, Becker et al., 2010, Blanco et al., 2010, De Luca et al., 2010, Demontis and Perrimon, 2010, Ellis and Carney, 2010, Fernández-Ayala et al., 2010, Kim et al., 2010, Kühnlein, 2010, LaFever et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2010, Mahapatra et al., 2010, Nagoshi et al., 2010, Sun et al., 2010, Alvarez-Ponce et al., 2009, Baker and Russell, 2009, Carpenter et al., 2009, Hong et al., 2009, Mendes et al., 2009, Owusu-Ansah and Banerjee, 2009, Tain et al., 2009, Walkiewicz and Stern, 2009, Kapelnikov et al., 2008, Libert et al., 2008, Pedersen et al., 2008, Curtis et al., 2007, Hall et al., 2007, Lasko and Sonenberg, 2007, Libert, 2007, Marygold et al., 2007, Zhang et al., 2007, Morozova et al., 2006, Greene et al., 2005, Terashima and Bownes, 2005, Bernal et al., 2004, Roxstrom-Lindquist et al., 2004)
                    Thor/EIF4EBP
                    (Zhang et al., 2012)
                    anon-WO0172774.158
                    d4E-BP
                    (Yoon et al., 2024, Santalla et al., 2022, Álvarez-Rendón et al., 2018, Malzer et al., 2018, Ghimire and Kim, 2017, Hong et al., 2016, Niehues et al., 2015, Bülow et al., 2014, Omata et al., 2014, Parisi et al., 2013, Katewa and Kapahi, 2011, Nishimura et al., 2011, Xiang et al., 2011, Bülow et al., 2010, Garrey et al., 2010, Gehrke et al., 2010, Georgiev et al., 2010, Kanao et al., 2010, Song et al., 2010, Stumpfe et al., 2010, Agrawal et al., 2009, Chang and Neufeld, 2009, Mendes et al., 2009, Zid et al., 2009, Imai et al., 2008, Lee et al., 2008, Curtis et al., 2007, Lasko and Sonenberg, 2007, Marr et al., 2007, Bourouis et al., 2005, Tettweiler, 2005, Tettweiler et al., 2005, Junger et al., 2004, Zhou et al., 2004, Jacinto and Hall, 2003, Junger et al., 2003, Miron et al., 2003, Kozma and Thomas, 2002, Miron et al., 2001, Miron et al., 2000, Miron et al., 1999)
                    d4E-BP1
                    (Wu and Storey, 2016, Jacinto and Hall, 2003)
                    d4EBP
                    (Zuko et al., 2021, Toshniwal et al., 2019, Wakabayashi et al., 2016, Niehues et al., 2015, Delanoue et al., 2010, Read et al., 2009, Zid et al., 2007, Luong et al., 2006, Wittwer et al., 2005, Puig et al., 2003)
                    d4e-bp
                    (Buch et al., 2008)
                    d4eBP
                    (Zhu et al., 2017, Banerjee et al., 2012, Wessells et al., 2009)
                    dthor
                    (Wagner et al., 2009)
                    eIF4E-BP
                    (Jin et al., 2020, Ahmed and Duncan, 2004)
                    l(2)06270
                    (Mendes et al., 2009)
                    l(2)k07736
                    (Beaton, 2000.1.31, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
                    l(2)k13517
                    p4EBP
                    (Ghosh et al., 2020)
                    pp20
                    (Won et al., 1999)
                    thor
                    (Clémot et al., 2024, Lee and Min, 2024, Meng et al., 2024, Lee et al., 2023, Bahuguna et al., 2022, Higareda Alvear et al., 2021, Lee et al., 2021, Barretto et al., 2020, Ramond et al., 2020, Toshniwal et al., 2019, Galagovsky et al., 2018, Lee et al., 2017, Obata and Miura, 2015, Wong et al., 2015, Guo et al., 2014, Huang et al., 2014, Lacin et al., 2014, Karpac et al., 2013, Mortimer and Moberg, 2013, Karpac et al., 2011, Sharma et al., 2011, Tatar, 2011, Fan et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2010, Tohyama and Yamaguchi, 2010, Zhang et al., 2010, Hull-Thompson et al., 2009, Karpac et al., 2009, Wang et al., 2009, Buch et al., 2008, Wang et al., 2005, Seugnet et al., 2003, Lemaitre, 2000.12.20)
                    Name Synonyms
                    4E binding protein
                    (Mathew et al., 2017, Mirth et al., 2014, Song et al., 2014)
                    Eif4e-binding protein
                    (Zhu et al., 2017, Wessells et al., 2009)
                    Thor
                    (Keebaugh and Schlenke, 2014, Mason-Suares et al., 2013, Marcu et al., 2011, Becker et al., 2010, Hall et al., 2007, Pal et al., 2007, Terashima and Bownes, 2005, Roxstrom-Lindquist et al., 2004)
                    eIF-4E-binding protein
                    (Lachance and Lasko, 1997, Miron et al., 1997)
                    eIF4E binding protein
                    (Gündner et al., 2014)
                    eif-4e binding protein
                    (Mahoney et al., 2016)
                    eif4e-binding protein 4EBP
                    (Wessells et al., 2007)
                    eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein
                    (Hall et al., 2007)
                    eukaryotic initiation factor 4E- binding protein
                    (Langston et al., 2016)
                    eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein
                    (Xiang et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2009)
                    eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein
                    (LaFever et al., 2010)
                    eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein
                    (Lee et al., 2010)
                    insulin-stimulated eIF-4E binding protein
                    (Spradling et al., 1999)
                    lethal (2) 06270
                    translation initiation factor 4E binding protein
                    (Wong et al., 2013)
                    Secondary FlyBase IDs
                    • FBgn0022073
                    • FBgn0017459
                    • FBgn0020516
                    • FBgn0027067
                    • FBgn0046442
                    • FBgn0010616
                    Datasets (1)
                    Study focus (1)
                    Experimental Role
                    Project
                    Project Type
                    Title
                    • bait_protein
                    PPI_InR-Tor_interaction_map
                    Interaction map generated by purification of insulin pathway factors, with identification of copurifying proteins by mass spectrometry.
                    Study result (0)
                    Result
                    Result Type
                    Title
                    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 50 )
                    Sequence Crossreferences
                    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                    UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                    UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                    Other crossreferences
                    AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                    MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                    PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
                    Linkouts
                    Cell Signaling Technology - Commercial vendor for primary antibodies and antibody conjugates.
                    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                    iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                    Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                    References (633)