FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\Gyc89Db
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Gyc89Db
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Guanylyl cyclase at 89Db
Annotation Symbol
CG14886
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0038436
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Enzyme Name (EC)
guanylate cyclase (4.6.1.2)
Gene Summary
Guanylyl cyclase at 89Db (Gyc89Db) encodes an atypical soluble guanylyl cyclase. It heterodimerizes with the product of Gyc88E to form an oxygen-sensitive soluble guanylyl cyclase, which likely functions as a neuronal oxygen detector, activated at reduced oxygen levels. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

Gyc-89Db

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-58
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:16477110..16481070
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (13 terms)
Molecular Function (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q8INF0
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q8INF0
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011645
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002902243
enables heme binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011644, InterPro:IPR038158
Biological Process (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011645
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002276750
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002902243
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred by curator from GO:0004383
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002902243
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family. (Q9VEU5)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
guanylate cyclase activity
GTP = 3',5'-cyclic GMP + diphosphate (4.6.1.2)
RHEA 13665:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Guanylyl cyclase at 89Db (Gyc89Db) encodes an atypical soluble guanylyl cyclase. It heterodimerizes with the product of Gyc88E to form an oxygen-sensitive soluble guanylyl cyclase, which likely functions as a neuronal oxygen detector, activated at reduced oxygen levels. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
SOLUBLE GUANYLATE CYCLASES ATYPICAL -
Atypical soluble guanylate cyclases are enzymes that synthesize cyclic GMP. These enzymes are activated in response to hypoxia, however they are only slightly activated by or are insensitive to nitric oxide. (Adapted from FBrf0179844).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Heterodimers with Gyc88E are activated in response to changing oxygen concentrations, alerting flies to hypoxic environments. Under normal oxygen concentrations, oxygen binds to the heme group and results in low levels of guanylyl cyclase activity. When exposed to reduced oxygen concentrations, the oxygen dissociates from the heme group resulting in activation of the enzyme.
(UniProt, Q9VEU5)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Gyc89Db for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VEU5)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0083294
2784
669
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0082745
75.9
669
5.64
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Heterodimer; with Gyc88E, in the presence of magnesium or manganese.

(UniProt, Q9VEU5)
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Gyc89Db using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.50

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

Embryonic expression is seen the brain, and in a segmentally repeated pattern in the ventral nerve cord starting at stage 15 or 16. Expression is observed in several peripheral neurons that innervate trachea, basiconical sensilla and the sensory cones in the posterior segments; embryonic PNS expression colocalizes with that of Gyc88E. In the third instar larva, expression is observed in scattered cells throughout the brain, but most prominently in a small cluster of cells in the anterior medial region of each brain lobe. Larval expression in the ventral ganglion is observed in scattered cells located laterally and at the midline.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Gyc89Db in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 1 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 7 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Gyc89Db
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Gyc89Db
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (23)
3 of 14
Yes
No
1  
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1  
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1  
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
45  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (22)
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1  
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (24)
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (11)
2 of 13
Yes
No
2 of 13
Yes
No
2 of 13
Yes
No
2 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (30)
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (39)
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
Yes
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
Yes
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (25)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
1 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
1 of 12
Yes
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Gyc89Db. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (27)
11 of 13
5 of 13
5 of 13
5 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
3 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    Select Layout:
    Legend:
    Protein
    RNA
    Selected Interactor(s)
    Other Interaction Browsers

    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    esyN Network Key:
    Suppression
    Enhancement
    Other Interaction Browsers

    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
    Heterodimer; with Gyc88E, in the presence of magnesium or manganese.
    (UniProt, Q9VEU5 )
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    External Data
    Linkouts
    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    3R
    Recombination map
    3-58
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    89B18-89B18
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}CSN5L4032 and P{EP}MESK4EP1015
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (9)
    Genomic Clones (14)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (3)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Gyc-89Db shows no guanylyl cyclase activity when expressed in COS-7 cells in the absence of additional subunits, in the presence of either Mg2+ or Mn2+ cofactor. When Gyc-89Db and Gycα99B are co-expressed in COS-7 cells in the presence of either Mg2+ or Mn2+, no guanylyl cyclase activity is detected. However, when Gyc-89Db and Gyc88E are co-expressed in COS-7 cells, the level of guanylyl cyclase activity, in the presence of either Mg2+ or Mn2+, is higher than when Gyc88E is expressed alone.

          COS-7 cells co-expressing Gyc88E and Gyc-89Db accumulate low levels of cGMP under normal atmospheric oxygen conditions and are potently activated under anoxic conditions, suggesting that the Gyc88E/Gyc-89Db protein heterodimers may act as oxygen sensors.

          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of
          Additional comments
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: Gyc-89Db CG14886

          Source for identity of: Gyc89Db Gyc-89Db

          Nomenclature comments

          Renamed from 'Gyc-89Db' to 'Gyc89Db' to be consistent with the nomenclature of other named genes encoding Guanylyl cyclases (and because the hyphen is superfluous).

          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (4)
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 40 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          References (38)