FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\brwl
Open Close
General Information
Symbol
Dmel\brwl
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
brickwall
Annotation Symbol
CG3838
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0032130
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
22 publicly available
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

CC20

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
30B12-30B12
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-35
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:9568890..9573572
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (4 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004210
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000956409
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000956409
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of transcription regulator complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000956409
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
MADF-BESS DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION REGULATORS -
The MADF-BESS domain transcription regulators include a variety of activators and corepressors and chromatin modifying proteins. BESS domains are often present in combination with MADF domains. The BESS domain mediates protein-protein interactions. (Adapted from FBrf0155780 and FBrf0224045).
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\brwl for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VLA6)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
brwl-RA
FBtr0079834
NM_164859
2256
435
brwl-RB
FBtr0079835
NM_135454
3091
435
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
brwl-PA
FBpp0079432
48.1
435
7.29
Q9VLA6
NP_723469
AAF52788
brwl-PB
FBpp0079433
48.1
435
7.29
Q9VLA6
NP_609298
AAN10696
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

435 aa isoforms: brwl-PA, brwl-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\brwl using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.33

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
central brain anlage in statu nascendi
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | segmentally repeated
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
antennal anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
anterior endoderm anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
head mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium

Comment: reported as ventral nerve cord anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
foregut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic neuroblast of ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
Bolwig organ
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic head sensory system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic proventriculus
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
germline cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
gonad
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
wandering third instar larval stage
wing pouch | restricted
(Molnar et al., 2012)
wing hinge primordium | restricted
(Molnar et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\brwl in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 12 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of brwl
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of brwl
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)Exel7042
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
partially lethal - majority die | recessive
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable | recessive
Other Phenotypes
Allele
decreased cell number | oogenesis (with brwlKG00824)
decreased cell number | oogenesis (with brwlMI05456)
decreased occurrence of cell division | oogenesis (with brwlKG00824)
decreased occurrence of cell division | oogenesis (with brwlMI05456)
increased cell death | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4VP16.mat.αTub67C
increased cell death | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR
increased cell death | oogenesis (with brwlKG00824)
increased cell death | oogenesis (with brwlMI05456)
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4VP16.mat.αTub67C
egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR
egg chamber (with brwlKG00824)
egg chamber (with brwlMI05456)
female germline cell (with brwlKG00824)
female germline cell (with brwlMI05456)
fusome (with brwlKG00824)
fusome (with brwlMI05456)
oocyte (with brwlKG00824)
oocyte (with brwlMI05456)
ovary, with Scer\GAL4VP16.mat.αTub67C
ovary, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR
ovary (with brwlKG00824)
ovary (with brwlMI05456)
ring canal (with brwlKG00824)
ring canal (with brwlMI05456)
spectrosome (with brwlKG00824)
spectrosome (with brwlMI05456)
synaptonemal complex (with brwlKG00824)
synaptonemal complex (with brwlMI05456)
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (7)
Drer\LOC110439798
3 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\si:ch211-207i20.3
3 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\si:zfos-128g4.1
3 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\LOC100330838
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC110438041
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\zgc:152938
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:ch73-59f11.3
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (7)
Cele\madf-5
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\madf-3
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\madf-4
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\madf-9
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\madf-2
2 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\madf-8
2 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\madf-10
2 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (13)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011847
8 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002074
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002753
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004174
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005077
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005308
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006800
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009140
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010802
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011339
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011844
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012073
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012074
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:brwl. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (35)
CG4404
6 of 13
CG3919
4 of 13
CG7745
3 of 13
CG10949
3 of 13
CG11723
3 of 13
Adf1
2 of 13
CG6276
2 of 13
CG11504
2 of 13
CG12768
2 of 13
CG13204
2 of 13
Coop
2 of 13
hng2
2 of 13
hng3
2 of 13
Mes2
2 of 13
CG3386
1 of 13
CG5953
1 of 13
CG6163
1 of 13
CG6683
1 of 13
CG8119
1 of 13
CG8281
1 of 13
CG8765
1 of 13
CG9948
1 of 13
CG10904
1 of 13
CG12155
1 of 13
CG12609
1 of 13
CG15601
1 of 13
CG31627
1 of 13
CG42526
1 of 13
CG45071
1 of 13
Dyro
1 of 13
Hmr
1 of 13
hng1
1 of 13
jigr1
1 of 13
rgr
1 of 13
stwl
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    Select Layout:
    Legend:
    Protein
    RNA
    Selected Interactor(s)
    Other Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    brwl - CG5727
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based
    (Rhee et al., 2014)
    brwl - Hr78
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    brwl - Zif
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    esyN Network Key:
    Suppression
    Enhancement
    Other Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    brwl
    suppressible
    stwl
    (Shukla et al., 2018)
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    dom
    enhanceable
    brwl
    (Ellis et al., 2015)
    hng1
    enhanceable
    brwl
    (Shukla et al., 2014)
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2L
    Recombination map
    2-35
    Cytogenetic map
    30B12-30B12
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    30B12-30B12
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}Oatp30BEP890 and P{EP}EP361&P{EP}peloEP2160
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    2-35

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    2-30.9

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (22)
    Genomic Clones (21)
    cDNA Clones (256)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene results in a change in cell proliferation and cell size.

        (Guertin et al., 2006)
        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: CG3838 NEST:bs09e08

        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2005)

        Source for merge of: CG3838 anon-WO0118547.445

        (FlyBase, 1996-)
        Additional comments

        It is not clear whether or not " NEST:bs09e08 " and " BcDNA:GH12558 " represent a single gene or two neighbouring genes transcribed in the same direction.

        (Andrews et al., 2000)

        Source for merge of CG3838 anon-WO0118547.445 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

        (FlyBase, 1996-)
        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: brwl CG3838

        (Shukla et al., 2018)
        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology

        Named 'brickwall' because it belongs to the same protein family as, and has analogous functions to, the previously characterized 'stonewall' gene product.

        (Shukla et al., 2018)
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (8)
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 48 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        References (60)