FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\btl[LG19]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\btl^LG19

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0030667

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\btl

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Allele class

loss of function allele

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Sutherland et al., 1996, Murphy et al., 1995, Reichman-Fried et al., 1994, Klambt et al., 1992)

loss of function allele

(Cela and Llimargas, 2006, Myat et al., 2005, Samakovlis et al., 1996)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Burmester et al., 2000, Reichman-Fried et al., 1994, Klambt et al., 1992)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

lethal | recessive

(Klambt et al., 1992)

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive

(Burmester et al., 2000)

some die during embryonic stage | recessive

(Burmester et al., 2000)

visible | adult stage | somatic clone

(Mukherjee et al., 2012)

Phenotype Manifest In

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

btl^LG19 mutant clones generated using the eyFLP method exhibit a glossy eye phenotype. btl^LG19 mutant clusters often contain a reduced number and altered arrangement of cells. Defective actin organisation is seen in btl^LG19 mutant cells.

(Mukherjee et al., 2012)

In btl^LG19 mutant embryos, invagination begins normally until the formation of the finger-like structure, but this structure does not extend further during stage 11.

(Brodu and Casanova, 2006)

btl^LG19 embryos do not show tracheal branch integrity defects.

(Cela and Llimargas, 2006)

In btl⁹⁵/btl^LG19 embryos, migration of all primary tracheal branches is affected to varying degrees.

(Myat et al., 2005)

btl^LG19/+ larvae have normal numbers S phase neuroblasts per brain lobe.

(Park et al., 2003)

The filopodia-like cell extensions that are seen in tracheal cells at stage 12 are missing in mutant embryos.

(Wolf et al., 2002)

In mutant embryos tracheal cells are confined to elongated sacs that sometimes have occasional extensions. The gap between the most dorsal muscle precursors and the more ventral ones are missing.

(Franch-Marro and Casanova, 2000)

Homozygous clones in the eye are wild-type.

(Casci et al., 1999)

Tracheal cell migration is severely affected in homozygous embryos; virtually no branches form from the initial tracheal invaginations.

(Lin et al., 1999)

Tracheal cells invaginate and occupy a position similar to that of wild-type tracheal cells, although no tracheal branches are formed in homozygous embryos.

(Llimargas and Casanova, 1999)

Tracheal cells are confined to elongated sacs with occasional short extensions in homozygous embryos.

(Michelson et al., 1998)

Tracheae do not branch in homozygous embryos.

(Vincent et al., 1998)

Clones in which all border cells are btl^- show no defects in border cell migration, though mild delays or low frequency defects would not have been detected.

(Murphy et al., 1995)

btl^LG19/btl^H82Δ3 heterozygotes exhibit the tracheal phenotype.

(Reichman-Fried et al., 1994)

Tracheal pits form, but tracheal cells do not undergo significant migration, and remain clustered at the site of the tracheal pit. Posterior pair of midline glia cells begin to migrate anteriorly, but fail to reach posterior commisure. This phenotype only evident in midline glia cells, even though btl expressed in several midline cell types.

(Klambt et al., 1992)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

btl^LG19 has visible | somatic clone | adult stage phenotype, suppressible by Cdc42^N17.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

(Mukherjee et al., 2012)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

btl^LG19/btl[+] is an enhancer of decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage phenotype of trol^p4

(Park et al., 2003)

Other

Statement

Reference

btl^LG19/btl[+], trol¹³ has decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage phenotype

(Park et al., 2003)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

btl^LG19 has eye | somatic clone phenotype, suppressible by Cdc42^N17.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

(Mukherjee et al., 2012)

btl^LG19 has embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, suppressible by btl::tor^4021.UAS/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Vincent et al., 1998)

btl^LG19 has embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, suppressible by Ras85D^V12.UAS/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Vincent et al., 1998)

btl^LG19 has embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, suppressible by Raf::tor^13D.hs.sev

(Vincent et al., 1998)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

btl^LG19 has embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^btl.PS/Hvul\kring^UAS.Tag:MYC

(Rudolf et al., 2013)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

btl^LG19/btl[+] is an enhancer of ganglionic tracheal branch primordium phenotype of Mkp3^GS801, Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Cela and Llimargas, 2006)

btl^LG19/btl[+] is an enhancer of dorsal tracheal branch primordium phenotype of Mkp3^GS801, Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Cela and Llimargas, 2006)

btl^LG19/btl[+] is an enhancer of neuroblast | larval stage phenotype of trol^p4

(Park et al., 2003)

btl^LG19/btl[+] is an enhancer of neuroblast | larval stage phenotype of trol¹³

(Park et al., 2003)

btl^LG19/btl[+] is an enhancer of border follicle cell phenotype of slbo^e7b/slbo^e14a

(Murphy et al., 1995)

Other

Statement

Reference

btl^LG19, rho^7M43 has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype

(Brodu and Casanova, 2006)

btl^LG19, rho^7M43 has tracheal primordium phenotype

(Brodu and Casanova, 2006)

btl^LG19, kni[+]/kni⁶ has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype

(Myat et al., 2005)

btl^LG19, put[+]/put¹⁰⁴⁶⁰ has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype

(Myat et al., 2005)

btl^LG19, kni⁶ has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype

(Myat et al., 2005)

btl^LG19, put¹⁰⁴⁶⁰ has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype

(Myat et al., 2005)

bnl⁰⁰⁸⁵⁷, btl^LG19 has embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype

(Sutherland et al., 1996)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Expression of Cdc42^N17.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4^ey.PH rescues the glossy eye phenotype seen in btl^LG19 mutant clones.

(Mukherjee et al., 2012)

Tracheal invagination initiates in rho^7M43 btl^LG19 double mutants, but rotation of dorsal cells does not occur, as in rho^7M43 single mutants. However, a finger-like structure is never formed, instead, the tracheal cells remain as a cavity.

(Brodu and Casanova, 2006)

Expression of Mkp3^GS801 under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS in a btl^LG19/+ background does not affect the penetrance of the Scer\GAL4^btl.PS>Mkp3^GS801 branch integrity phenotype but results in a significant increase in failure of branch formation.

(Cela and Llimargas, 2006)

In both btl^LG19/+, put¹⁰⁴⁶⁰/+ and btl^LG19/+, kni⁶/+ embryos, most primary tracheal branches fail to migrate.

(Myat et al., 2005)

trol¹³/trol¹³; btl^LG19/+ larvae have reduced numbers S phase neuroblasts per brain lobe compared to trol¹³ homozygotes.

(Park et al., 2003)

Expression of btl::tor^{4021.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS in btl^LG19 mutant embryos partially rescues tracheal cell migration, and additional tracheal branching is seen, as in embryos expressing btl::tor^{4021.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS in a wild-type background. Expression of Ras85D^V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS in btl^LG19 mutant embryos partially rescues tracheal morphogenesis. Expression of phl::tor^13D.hs.sev in btl^LG19 mutant embryos partially rescues tracheal morphogenesis.

(Vincent et al., 1998)

btl^LG19/btl⁺ bnl⁰⁰⁸⁵⁷/bnl⁺ double heterozygote exhibits enhanced bnl⁰⁰⁸⁵⁷ phenotype, defects in tracheal outgrowth.

(Sutherland et al., 1996)

Dominantly enhances the border cell migration defect of slbo^e7b/slbo^e14a.

(Murphy et al., 1995)

Multiple heat shocks of the constitutively active btl::tor^{t4021b.hs.sev} protein can partially rescue tracheal migration in homozygous embryos, a single early heat shock allows reduced correction of the mutant phenotype. Partial rescue can also be achieved by the constitutively active proteins tor^13D.hs.sev, Ras85D^Q13.hs, phl::tor^13D.hs.sev, sev::tor^13D.hs.sev, Egfr::tor^{t4021E.hs.sev} and htl::tor^{t4021F.hs.sev}.

(Reichman-Fried et al., 1994)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Expression of Hvul\kring^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS fails to rescue the tracheal defects of btl^LG19 embryos.

(Rudolf et al., 2013)

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

btl⁴⁶⁹

(Myat et al., 2005)

btl¹⁹²⁸

(Myat et al., 2005)

btl⁹⁵

(Myat et al., 2005)

Comments

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (0)

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Comments

Isolated on basis of lethality over Df(3L)fz-GF3b and Df(3L)fz-GS1a. Phenotype of homozygote indistinguishable from phenotype of heterozygote with Df(3L)fz-GF3b or Df(3L)fz-GS1a. The btl alleles form a phenotypic series with respect to the tracheal phenotype. In decreasing order of severity, btl^LG18 = btl^LG19 > btl^H82Δ3 > btl^H82Δ11 > btl^6-81Δ1.

(Klambt et al., 1992)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

btl^LG19

(Cheng and Andrew, 2015, Rudolf et al., 2013, Mukherjee et al., 2012, Yan and Lin, 2007, Brodu and Casanova, 2006, Cela and Llimargas, 2006, Wolf et al., 2002)

l(3)LG19

(Burmester et al., 2000)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (30)

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