FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\mr[2]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\mr²

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0012433

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\mr

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

Mutagen

spontaneous

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

Mutagen

spontaneous

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Amino acid replacement: W739R.

(Kashevsky et al., 2002)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

2R:23,975,146..23,975,146 [+]

Nucleotide change:

T23975146C

Amino acid change:

W739R | mr-PA

Reported amino acid change:

W739R

Comment:

Same mutation as mr¹. Site of nucleotide substitution in mutant inferred by FlyBase based on reported amino acid change.

(Kashevsky et al., 2002)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

female sterile

(Nagy et al., 2012)

female sterile | recessive

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

sterile (with mr¹)

(Kashevsky et al., 2002)

Phenotype Manifest In

egg

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

embryo

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

eye

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

follicle cell

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

mitotic cell cycle | embryonic stage

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

nuclear chromosome | maternal effect (with mr¹)

(Kashevsky et al., 2002)

nurse cell (with mr¹)

(Kashevsky et al., 2002)

nurse cell & nuclear chromosome

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

nurse cell & nucleus

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

nurse cell ring canal

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

polar body nucleus

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

spindle | embryonic stage

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

spindle | maternal effect (with mr¹)

(Kashevsky et al., 2002)

tergite

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

mr²/mr² embryos have no muscle defects.

(Drechsler et al., 2018)

mr¹/mr² females show no apparent defect in germline stem cell maintenance.

(Chen et al., 2009)

The nurse cells revert to mitosis at stage 5 in mr¹/mr² egg chambers. Nurse cells in later mr¹/mr² egg chambers often become pycnotic. Embryos derived from mr¹/mr² egg chambers which complete oogenesis complete meiosis, however, the zygotic nuclei and frequently the polar bodies, are arrested on metaphase spindles that are anastral or have broad poles. The chromosomes are hypercondensed in these embryos.

(Kashevsky et al., 2002)

Semi-lethal when hemizygous, with most hemizygotes dying as pharate adults. Escapers have etched tergites and very rough eyes. Nurse cells in homozygous ovaries initiate endo cycles, but later egg chambers contain condensed chromosomes in place of polyploid nurse cell nuclei. These condensed chromosomes are associated with large multipolar spindles. Ring canals are seen to degenerate shortly after the inappropriate spindles are seen. The nurse cell defects are not visible until stage 4 of egg chamber development. The follicle cell epithelium sometimes forms a double layer of cells. Homozygous or mr¹/mr² females sometimes lay eggs (which do not hatch). Fertilised eggs show an early metaphase arrest phenotype, containing usually between 6 and 10 metaphase nuclei. The spindles are broader than wild-type both at the metaphase plate and at the spindle poles. Metaphase spindles are found at the position where the polar bodies are normally located.

(Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997)

Less extreme than mr. Nearly wild type at 19^oC. female-sterile Oogenesis normal through stage 4; then compound nurse cell chromosomes fall apart and degenerate. Karyosome of oocyte also disappears. Oogenesis does not proceed beyond sixth stage (King, 1964). RK2 at 25^oC or above.

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

mr[+]/mr² is a suppressor of increased cell death phenotype of shtd¹

(Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 2007)

Other

Statement

Reference

mr², vih^KG02013 has lethal | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Nagy et al., 2012)

lmgA⁰³⁴²⁴, mr² has abnormal mitotic cell cycle | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Nagy et al., 2012)

lmgA⁰³⁴²⁴, mr² has lethal | prepupal stage P4(ii) phenotype

(Nagy et al., 2012)

lmgA⁰³⁴²⁴, mr² has increased occurrence of cell division | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Nagy et al., 2012)

mr², vih^S110501 has lethal | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Nagy et al., 2012)

bru1^PA/bru1^Z2286, mr¹/mr² has abnormal mitotic cell cycle | oogenesis stage S2 phenotype

(Sugimura and Lilly, 2006)

bru1^PA/bru1^Z2286, mr¹/mr² has abnormal mitotic cell cycle | oogenesis stage S1 phenotype

(Sugimura and Lilly, 2006)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

mr² has phenotype, enhanceable by e(mr)¹

(Reed, 1992)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

mr¹/mr² is an enhancer of female germline stem cell phenotype of eff^mer1/eff⁸

(Chen et al., 2009)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

mr[+]/mr² is a suppressor of ommatidium phenotype of shtd¹

(Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 2007)

Other

Statement

Reference

fzr^ie28, mr[+]/mr² has embryonic somatic muscle cell phenotype

(Drechsler et al., 2018)

fzr^ie28, mr[+]/mr² has embryonic myoblast | late embryonic stage phenotype

(Drechsler et al., 2018)

fzr^ie28, mr² has embryonic somatic muscle cell phenotype

(Drechsler et al., 2018)

fzr^ie28, mr² has embryonic myoblast | late embryonic stage phenotype

(Drechsler et al., 2018)

lmgA⁰³⁴²⁴, mr² has embryonic/larval brain | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Nagy et al., 2012)

bru1^PA/bru1^Z2286, mr¹/mr² has germline cell | female | oogenesis stage S1 phenotype

(Sugimura and Lilly, 2006)

bru1^PA/bru1^Z2286, mr¹/mr² has germline cell | female | oogenesis stage S2 phenotype

(Sugimura and Lilly, 2006)

e(mr)¹, mr¹/mr² has antennal lobe phenotype

(Reed, 1992)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

fzr^ie28/+ ; mr²/+ embryos show disrupted myoblast fusion but an overall wild-type muscle morphology, while myoblast fusion is completely abolished in fzr^ie28/+ ; mr²/mr² embryos at stages 16-17.

(Drechsler et al., 2018)

lmgA⁰³⁴²⁴ mr² double mutants die at prepupal stage P4(ii). The mitotic index in third larval instar brains is increased compared to wild type and 31.8 +/- 3.9 % of the cells are polyploid. Third larval instar brains and wing imaginal discs show increased levels of apoptosis compared to wild type.

(Nagy et al., 2012)

mr¹/mr² enhances the loss of germline stem cells that is seen in eff⁸/eff^mer1 females, such that the rate of germline stem cell loss is more rapid in the double mutant females.

(Chen et al., 2009)

In aret^PA/aret^Z2286 ; mr¹/mr² double mutant adult female, germ cells show a high frequency of metaphase arrest beginning during stage 1-2 of oogenesis.

(Sugimura and Lilly, 2006)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

mr¹/mr² is rescued by Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI/mr^UASp.cKa

(Kashevsky et al., 2002)

mr¹/mr² is rescued by Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}/mr^UASp.cKa

(Kashevsky et al., 2002)

Comments

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (3)

Bloomington

4535

e(mr)¹; mr²/SM6a

257

chl¹ l(2)bw¹ bw^2b mr²/SM5

Kyoto

107785

e(mr)¹; mr²/SM6a

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Bridges, 24th Nov. 1925.

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

mr²

(Drechsler et al., 2018, Whitfield et al., 2013, Nagy et al., 2012, Chen et al., 2009, Pesin and Orr-Weaver, 2007, Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 2007, Sugimura and Lilly, 2006)

Name Synonyms

morula2

(Narbonne-Reveau et al., 2008)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (11)

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