FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\sbb
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\sbb
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
scribbler
Annotation Symbol
CG5580
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0285917
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
scribbler (sbb) encodes a transcriptional co-regulator that acts mainly as a co-repressor. It interacts physically and genetically with the product of Gug and is used by the repressor encoded by tll in early embryos. It regulates larval behavior, photoreceptor axon target choice, and functions downstream of Hedgehog signaling. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-28] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

mtv, bks, brakeless, master of thickveins, l(2)04440

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-85
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:18278198..18357296
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (10 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (7 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in axon guidance
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
traceable author statement
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001090284
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
scribbler (sbb) encodes a transcriptional co-regulator that acts mainly as a co-repressor. It interacts physically and genetically with the product of Gug and is used by the repressor encoded by tll in early embryos. It regulates larval behavior, photoreceptor axon target choice, and functions downstream of Hedgehog signaling. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-28]
Summary (Interactive Fly)

novel protein with a single zinc finger - multifunctional protein that regulates foraging activity and shapes the activity gradient of Dpp through regulation of thickveins - regulates transcription by interacting with Mediator complex subunit Med19

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
7
Number of Unique Polypeptides
5

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\sbb for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry A0A0B4KEU2)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Gene model reviewed during 5.39

Stop-codon suppression (UGA) postulated; FBrf0216884

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0086766
3080
929
FBtr0301547
10397
2302
FBtr0301548
5159
929
FBtr0301549
4991
939
FBtr0301550
9824
2312
FBtr0301551
8128
2302
FBtr0329997
10039
2330
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

10.5, 7.8, 3.6, 1.6 (northern blot)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0085945
88.8
929
10.12
FBpp0290762
230.0
2302
9.70
FBpp0290763
88.8
929
10.12
FBpp0290764
90.0
939
10.09
FBpp0290765
231.2
2312
9.67
FBpp0290766
230.0
2302
9.70
FBpp0303032
233.2
2330
9.69
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

929 aa isoforms: sbb-PC, sbb-PE
2302 aa isoforms: sbb-PD, sbb-PH
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

929 (aa); 80 (kD observed); 88 (kD predicted)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\sbb using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.84

Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

sbb transcripts are ubiquitously distributed in early embryos. After gastrulation, transcripts are observed in the developing central nervous system. Both major transcript types are observed in early embryose by RT-PCR.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

sbb protein is detected in eye discs in differentiating R-cells and in undifferentiated precursor cells. Weak staining is also seen anterior to the morphogenetic furrow.

sbb protein is widely expressed in eye-antennal discs.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\sbb in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 97 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 21 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of sbb
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of sbb
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 15 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
anterior fascicle & synapse | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
photoreceptor cell & axon | somatic clone (with sbb1)
photoreceptor cell & axon | somatic clone (with sbb2)
photoreceptor cell R1 & axon | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R1 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb1
photoreceptor cell R1 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb2
photoreceptor cell R1 & axon | somatic clone, with sbbA.GMR.Tag:MYC
photoreceptor cell R1 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb1)
photoreceptor cell R1 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb2)
photoreceptor cell R1 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb04440)
photoreceptor cell R1 & axon | somatic clone (with sbbk00702)
photoreceptor cell R1 & neuron
photoreceptor cell R1 & neuron | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R2 & axon | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R2 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb1
photoreceptor cell R2 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb2
photoreceptor cell R2 & axon | somatic clone, with sbbA.GMR.Tag:MYC
photoreceptor cell R2 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb1)
photoreceptor cell R2 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb2)
photoreceptor cell R2 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb04440)
photoreceptor cell R2 & axon | somatic clone (with sbbk00702)
photoreceptor cell R2 & neuron
photoreceptor cell R2 & neuron | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R3 & axon | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R3 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb1
photoreceptor cell R3 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb2
photoreceptor cell R3 & axon | somatic clone, with sbbA.GMR.Tag:MYC
photoreceptor cell R3 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb1)
photoreceptor cell R3 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb2)
photoreceptor cell R3 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb04440)
photoreceptor cell R3 & axon | somatic clone (with sbbk00702)
photoreceptor cell R3 & neuron
photoreceptor cell R3 & neuron | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R4 & axon | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R4 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb1
photoreceptor cell R4 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb2
photoreceptor cell R4 & axon | somatic clone, with sbbA.GMR.Tag:MYC
photoreceptor cell R4 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb1)
photoreceptor cell R4 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb2)
photoreceptor cell R4 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb04440)
photoreceptor cell R4 & axon | somatic clone (with sbbk00702)
photoreceptor cell R4 & neuron
photoreceptor cell R4 & neuron | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R5 & axon | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R5 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb1
photoreceptor cell R5 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb2
photoreceptor cell R5 & axon | somatic clone, with sbbA.GMR.Tag:MYC
photoreceptor cell R5 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb1)
photoreceptor cell R5 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb2)
photoreceptor cell R5 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb04440)
photoreceptor cell R5 & axon | somatic clone (with sbbk00702)
photoreceptor cell R5 & neuron
photoreceptor cell R5 & neuron | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R6 & axon | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R6 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb1
photoreceptor cell R6 & axon | somatic clone, with sbb2
photoreceptor cell R6 & axon | somatic clone, with sbbA.GMR.Tag:MYC
photoreceptor cell R6 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb1)
photoreceptor cell R6 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb2)
photoreceptor cell R6 & axon | somatic clone (with sbb04440)
photoreceptor cell R6 & axon | somatic clone (with sbbk00702)
photoreceptor cell R6 & neuron
photoreceptor cell R6 & neuron | somatic clone
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
7 of 14
Yes
Yes
7 of 14
Yes
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
7 of 14
Yes
Yes
7 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)
7 of 14
Yes
Yes
7 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
5 of 13
Yes
No
5 of 13
Yes
No
5 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)
6 of 14
Yes
Yes
6 of 14
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
8 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:sbb. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    Select Layout:
    Legend:
    Protein
    RNA
    Selected Interactor(s)
    Other Interaction Browsers

    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    esyN Network Key:
    Suppression
    Enhancement
    Other Interaction Browsers

    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2R
    Recombination map
    2-85
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    55C2-55C4
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    55C1-55C5
    55C1-55C2
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    55B5-55B10
    55B7--10 55B9--10 55C1--2
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (55)
    Genomic Clones (44)
    cDNA Clones (71)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for sbb protein in 0-12 hr embryos; see mE1_TFBS_sbb collection report.

            The Ubx and dpp products collaborate to repress the tkv repressor, sbb, in the haltere disc. The resulting increased amounts of tkv receptor decrease dpp mobility in the haltere.

            sbb downregulates expression of tkv in response to hh and en in the developing wing.

            sbb expression is regulated by both hh and dpp signaling.

            Mutant clones cause pattern defects in the adult wing, such as ectopic venation and transformation of bristle types.

            sbb is essential for R1-R6 growth cone targeting.

            sbb is required in the developing eye specifically for the lamina targeting of R1-R6 photoreceptor cell axons.

            Larvae with mutations in sbb show abnormally high amounts of turning behaviour in the absence of food.

            Mutant males court females and generate courtship songs with the normal pattern and yet are unsuccessful in copulation.

            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of

            Source for merge of: sbb mtv

            Source for merge of: sbb brakeless

            Source for merge of: sbb plt

            Additional comments

            Source for merge of sbb brakeless was sequence comparison ( date:000519 ).

            Source for merge of sbb mtv was sequence comparison ( date:010111 ).

            Source for identity of brakeless CG5580 was sequence comparison ( date:000504 ).

            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: brakeless CG5580

            Source for identity of: sbb bks

            Source for identity of: sbb bks mtv

            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology

            Mutant R1-R6 photoreceptor axons fail to stop in the lamina, which inspired the name "brakeless" (Y. Rao and S.L. Zipursky, personal communication).

            Name reflects pattern of larval trail on agar plate.

            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (23)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            disc6
            plt
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
            • FBgn0020520
            • FBgn0010575
            • FBgn0034320
            • FBgn0041106
            • FBgn0050117
            Datasets (1)
            Study focus (1)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            • bait_protein
            Genome-wide localization of transcription factors by ChIP-chip and ChIP-Seq.
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 85 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            References (177)