FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\Sxl[f4]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Sxl^f4

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0016682

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\Sxl

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

Sxl^fs1, Sxl^fs#1

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Mutation falls in the carboxy-terminal part of the protein, well downstream of the second Sxl RNA recognition motif, in a stretch of 7 proline residues interrupted by a single glutamine.

(Bopp et al., 1993)

Amino acid replacement: P318S.

(Bopp et al., 1993)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

X:7,084,638..7,084,638 [-]

Nucleotide change:

C7084638T

Reported nucleotide change:

C?T

Amino acid change:

Reported amino acid change:

P318S

Comment:

A change from CCA (P) to TCA (S) in the second P after the Q in the span PPPPPQPP.

(Bopp et al., 1993)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

cyst cell of testis | increased number

(Decotto and Spradling, 2005)

egg

(Schutt et al., 1998)

escort cell | increased number

(Decotto and Spradling, 2005)

germline cyst

(Schutt et al., 1998)

karyosome

(Bopp et al., 1999)

oocyte & spindle

(Bopp et al., 1999)

ovariole

(Vied and Horabin, 2001)

ovary

(Starr and Cline, 2002, Bopp et al., 1999, Bae et al., 1994, Steinmann-Zwicky, 1994, Wei et al., 1994, Bopp et al., 1993, Oliver et al., 1990, Mohler and Carroll, 1984)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

All Sxl^f2/Sxl^f4 females can make eggs.

Recombination across the y-sn interval on the X chromosome of Sxl^M6,f3/Sxl^f4 females is reduced compared to wild type but not eliminated. The rate of X chromosome nondisjunction is concomitantly elevated. Neither of these meiotic parameters is significantly affected by Wolbachia infection.

Sxl^f24,M1/Sxl^f4 females show high levels of X chromosome nondisjunction. Recombination across the y-sn interval on the X chromosome is only 0.5% that of controls, recombination across the 2nd chromosome is only 5% that of controls and recombination across the 3rd chromosome is only 7% that of controls.

(Sun and Cline, 2009)

In Sxl^f4 homozygotes, female germ cell development is arrested at the cyst stage, leading to a substantial accumulation of cycst cells an escort cells. Despite this, the architecture of the tupregion of the gemrarium appears normal.

(Decotto and Spradling, 2005)

97% of ovaries of homozygous females that are not infected with Wolbachia have no eggs and the remaining 3% have 1-2 eggs. These oogenesis defects are partly rescued by Wolbachia infection; 20% of the ovaries of infected homozygous females have no eggs, 18% of ovaries have 1-2 eggs, 20% of ovaries have 3-9 eggs and 42% of ovaries have more than 10 eggs. Only a minority of the eggs laid by homozygous females infected with Wolbachia generate viable adult progeny; 42% of the embryos reach at least the germband elongation stage, but only 7% hatch into larvae. 30% of ovaries of Sxl^f4/Sxl^f1 females that are infected with Wolbachia have no eggs, 20% of ovaries have 1-2 eggs, 35% of ovaries have 3-9 eggs and 15% of ovaries have more than 10 eggs. 23% of ovaries of Sxl^f5,fHa/Sxl^f4 females that are infected with Wolbachia have no eggs, 28% of ovaries have 1-2 eggs, 37% of ovaries have 3-9 eggs and 12% of ovaries have more than 10 eggs.

(Starr and Cline, 2002)

All ovarioles of mutant ovaries are tumorous and have many small germ cells.

(Vied and Horabin, 2001)

In homozygous ovaries, germ cells are largely arranged in small clusters of 2 or 4 cells connected by intercellular branches. Cystocytes appear to have undergone one or two rounds of cystocyte divisions. Sxl^f4/Sxl^f5; Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶/+ females show severely reduced recombination and impaired segregation of homologous chromosomes. The reduction in recombination (which is also seen in Sxl^f4/Sxl^f4 ; Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶/+ females) is caused by the lack of wild-type Sxl activity rather than the presence of Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶ (recombination is restored to almost wild-type values in Sxl^f4/+ ; Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶/+ females). A high frequency of non-disjunction is also seen in Sxl^f4/Sxl^f4 ; Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶/+ females. Sxl^f4/Sxl^fs3; Su(Sxl^fs)X2^X2/+ females show severely reduced recombination (no recombinant progeny are produced). The reduction in recombination is caused by the lack of wild-type Sxl activity rather than the presence of Su(Sxl^fs)X2^X2. A high frequency of non-disjunction is also seen in Sxl^f4/Sxl^fs3; Su(Sxl^fs)X2^X2/+ females.

(Bopp et al., 1999)

Females with homozygous germ line clones do not lay any eggs. Clones contain tumorous cysts.

(Schutt et al., 1998)

Tumorous ovaries.

(Bae et al., 1994)

Tumorous ovary phenotype.

(Lantz et al., 1994)

Sxl^f1/Sxl^f4 female larvae have gonads that are female-like in size and morphology, although Sxl^f1/Sxl^f4 adult females have ovaries filled with male-like multicellular cysts.

(Steinmann-Zwicky, 1994)

Many more germ cells in ovarian tumors are positive for expression of male germline markers than in wild type testes, suggesting a relaxation of growth control, or accumulation of apical cells due to a developmental block.

(Wei et al., 1994)

Persistent cytoplasmic accumulation of Sxl protein in the germ line.

(Bopp et al., 1993)

Female sterility cannot be rescued by Sxl^F1.hs construct.

(Bell et al., 1991)

Homozygous females have ovarian tumours.

(Oliver et al., 1990)

Sxl^f4/snf^unspecified flies showed some somatic sexual transformation: male sex combs among normal female bristles. Sxl^f4/snf¹ flies were always female sterile as expression of Sxl⁺ in the germline is required for female fertility. At 29^oC the ovarian tumours of Sxl^f4/snf¹ heterozygotes are snf-like (egg chambers have no nurse-like cells) and at 20^oC they are Sxl-like (egg chambers have an excessive number of nurse cells).

(Oliver et al., 1988)

Females produce abnormal egg chambers.

(Salz et al., 1987)

No eggs are laid, ovaries are rudimentary.

(Mohler and Carroll, 1984)

fully viable female-sterile

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

Sxl^f4/Sxl^f1 has female sterile phenotype, suppressible | partially by Oda[+]/Oda^k11803

(Vied et al., 2003)

Sxl^f4 has female sterile phenotype, suppressible by Oda[+]/Oda^k11803

(Vied et al., 2003)

Sxl^f4 has female sterile phenotype, suppressible by Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶

(Bopp et al., 1999)

Sxl^f4 has female sterile phenotype, suppressible by Su(Sxl^fs)X2^X2

(Bopp et al., 1999)

Other

Statement

Reference

Sxl^f4/Sxl^f2, otu¹⁷ has female sterile | dominant phenotype

(Sun and Cline, 2009)

Su(fu)^LP, Sxl^f4 has female sterile phenotype

(Vied and Horabin, 2001)

Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶, Sxl^f4 has female fertile phenotype

(Bopp et al., 1999)

Su(Sxl^fs)X2^X2, Sxl^f4 has female fertile phenotype

(Bopp et al., 1999)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

Sxl^f4/Sxl^f1 has ovary phenotype, suppressible | partially by Oda[+]/Oda^k11803

(Vied et al., 2003)

Sxl^f4 has ovary phenotype, suppressible by Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶

(Bopp et al., 1999)

Other

Statement

Reference

Su(fu)^LP, Sxl^f4 has egg chamber phenotype

(Vied and Horabin, 2001)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

otu^SuWs dominantly suppresses the ability of Wolbachia to suppress Sxl^f4 defects in oogenesis. This effect is strictly zygotic.

otu¹⁷ dominantly suppresses the ability of Wolbachia to suppress Sxl^f4 defects in oogenesis.

Almost no Sxl^f2/Sxl^f4 females make eggs if they also carry otu¹⁷/+. Most egg chambers in these females are tumorous.

(Sun and Cline, 2009)

Oda^k11803 dominantly suppresses the female sterility phenotype of Sxl^f4 homozygous flies. This suppression is suppressed by Oda^ΔT.hs but not by SmD3^tVa or SmD3^hs.PV. Oda^k11803/+ partially suppresses the ovary phenotype and female sterility of Sxl^f4/Sxl^f1.

(Vied et al., 2003)

Most egg chambers of Sxl^f4 ; Su(fu)^LP females contain degenerating germ cells, which appear to detach from the follicle cell layer.

(Vied and Horabin, 2001)

The oogenic defects seen in homozygous females are dominantly suppressed by Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶; ovaries have mostly normal looking cysts that proceed through all stages of oogenesis without any morphological defects. Only rare cases of abnormal morphology, such as mislocalisation of the oocyte to the medial region of the egg chamber, are seen. Sxl^f4/Sxl^f4; Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶/+ ovaries do not contain any nuclei that can be identified as pro-oocytes. No distinction can be made between the presumptive oocyte and the nurse cell nuclei, in contrast to wild-type. Late pachytene nuclei which are typical for stage 3 wild-type egg chambers are not seen. The earliest stage of meiotic differentiation that can be seen corresponds to wild-type stage 7. However, the appearance of oocyte nuclei is accompanied by defects in karyosomal organisation. Chromosome threads appear decondensed and dispersed or defectively packed in the karyosome. Occasionally, 2 or 3 loose bodies of chromatin are present instead of the single compact karyosome typical of wild-type oocytes. Sxl^f4/Sxl^fs3; Su(Sxl^fs)X2^X2/+ vitellogenic cysts show the same defects as Sxl^f4/Sxl^f4; Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶/+ cysts. No chiasmata are present in stage 13-14 oocytes of either Sxl^f4/Sxl^f4 ; Su(Sxl^fs)46⁴⁶/+ or Sxl^f4/Sxl^fs3; Su(Sxl^fs)X2^X2/+ females. Consequently, chromosomes are usually seen in an anaphase-like arrangement in the first division spindle. In many instances, chromosomes are arranged in two or three spindles instead of one.

(Bopp et al., 1999)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

Sxl^M1,f12

(Soper et al., 1998)

Comments

Sxl^f24,M1 complements Sxl^f4 well for female fertility but poorly for meiosis defects.

(Sun and Cline, 2009)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (3)

Bloomington

4597

y¹ cv¹ Sxl^f4 v¹ f¹/FM0

96813

FM8/y¹ cv¹ Sxl^f4 v¹ f¹

Kyoto

107817

y¹ cv¹ Sxl^f4 v¹ f¹/FM0

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Comments

Small amount of male-specific Sxl splicing in ovaries and soma. Sxl product distribution is abnormal: transition to nuclear staining is not made. Sxl product distribution is normal in the soma.

(Bopp et al., 1993)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (9)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

M106

(Perrimon et al., 1986)

Sxl^f4

(Evans and Cline, 2013, Sun and Cline, 2009, Vied et al., 2007, Gawande et al., 2006, Decotto and Spradling, 2005)

Sxl^fs#1

(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.3.2, Oliver et al., 1994, Oliver et al., 1990, Oliver et al., 1988)

Sxl^fs1

(Andrews and Oliver, 2002, Chang et al., 1999, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.3.2, Wei et al., 1994, Salz et al., 1987)

Sxl^fs

(Vied et al., 2007, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.3.2)

(Evans and Cline, 2013)

fs(1)M106^12-222

(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.3.2, Mohler and Carroll, 1984)

fs(1)M106¹

(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.3.2)

fs1

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (31)

Report Sections

Open Close