FB2024_04 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\Mcad
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Mcad
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
Annotation Symbol
CG12262
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0035811
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
9 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (1.3.8.7)
Gene Summary
Medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first step of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation, an aerobic process that breaks down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA and allows the production of energy from fats (PubMed:29563254). The first step of fatty acid beta-oxidation consists in the removal of one hydrogen from C-2 and C-3 of the straight-chain fatty acyl-CoA thioester, resulting in the formation of trans-2-enoyl-CoA (By similarity). Electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) is the electron acceptor that transfers electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase) (By similarity). May contribute to Pink1-mediated regulation of fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, through a mechanism that is independent of its acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity (PubMed:29563254). (UniProt, Q9VSA3)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
66A10-66A10
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-21
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:7719350..7721472
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (8 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Course et al., 2018)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P11310
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR013786, InterPro:IPR037069
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000098033
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR034180
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR034180
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P11310
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
involved_in medium-chain fatty acid catabolic process
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000098033
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Course et al., 2018)
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Tan et al., 2009, Alonso et al., 2005)
inferred from direct assay
(Course et al., 2018)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002535634
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
is_active_in mitochondrion
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000098033
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR034180
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (Q9VSA3)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
a medium-chain 2,3-saturated fatty acyl-CoA + H(+) + oxidized [electron- transfer flavoprotein] = a medium-chain (2E)-enoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein] (1.3.8.7)
RHEA 14477: acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
RHEA 44704:
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
ACYL-COA DEHYDROGENASES -
Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases are oxidoreductases that oxidize acyl-CoA with the reduction of electron-transfer flavoprotein. They catalyze the first reaction of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. (Adapted from PMID:19639238).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first step of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation, an aerobic process that breaks down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA and allows the production of energy from fats (PubMed:29563254). The first step of fatty acid beta-oxidation consists in the removal of one hydrogen from C-2 and C-3 of the straight-chain fatty acyl-CoA thioester, resulting in the formation of trans-2-enoyl-CoA (By similarity). Electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) is the electron acceptor that transfers electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase) (By similarity). May contribute to Pink1-mediated regulation of fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, through a mechanism that is independent of its acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity (PubMed:29563254).
(UniProt, Q9VSA3)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Mcad for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VSA3)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Mcad-RA
FBtr0076808
NM_139892
1461
419
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Mcad-PA
FBpp0076520
45.9
419
8.09
Q9VSA3
NP_648149
AAF50524
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homotetramer.

(UniProt, Q9VSA3)
Post Translational Modification

Phosphorylated (PubMed:29563254). Phosphorylation at Ser-347 by Pink1, may contribute to regulating levels of acylcarnitines and amino acids such as C3 acylcarnitine, beta alanine, arginine, lysine, and argininosuccininc acid, but does not appear to be required for function as a acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (PubMed:29563254).

(UniProt, Q9VSA3)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Mcad using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.78

Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Course et al., 2018)
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Tan et al., 2009, Alonso et al., 2005)
inferred from direct assay
(Course et al., 2018)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Mcad in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 10 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Mcad
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Mcad
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)BSC631
(Course et al., 2018)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (15)
Hsap\ACADM
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\ACADS
4 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ACAD8
3 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\ACADL
3 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\ACADSB
3 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GCDH
3 of 14
No
No
Hsap\IVD
3 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\ACAD9
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ACADVL
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ACOX1
2 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\ACOX2
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ACOX3
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ACOXL
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ACAD10
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ACAD11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (15)
Rnor\Acadm
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Acads
4 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acadl
3 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Acadsb
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gcdh
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ivd
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acad8
2 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Acadvl
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acad9
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acad10
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Acad11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Acox1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acox2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acox3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acoxl
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (16)
Mmus\Acadm
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Acads
4 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acadsb
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gcdh
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ivd
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acad8
2 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Acad9
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acadl
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acadvl
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acad10
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acad11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Acad12
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Acox1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acox2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acox3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acoxl
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (16)
Xtro\acadm
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ivd
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\MGC147631
2 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\acad8
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\acad10
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\acadl
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\acadsb
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\acads
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\acox1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\acox3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\clcn5
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gcdh
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\hes5.9
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pes1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\unk
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\vps53
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (16)
Drer\acadm
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\acads
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\acad8
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\acadl
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\acadsb
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\gcdha
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\zgc:85777
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\acad9
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\gcdhb
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\ivd
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100037342
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\acad11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\acadvl
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\acox1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\acox3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\acoxl
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (23)
Cele\acdh-7
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\acdh-8
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\acdh-10
12 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\acdh-3
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\acdh-4
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\acdh-5
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\acdh-6
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\acdh-9
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\F54D5.7
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\ivd-1
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\acdh-1
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\acdh-2
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\acox-1.2
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\acox-1.3
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\acox-1.4
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\acox-1.5
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\acox-1.6
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\acox-3
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\acdh-11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\acdh-12
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\acdh-13
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\acds-10
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\acox-1.1
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (12)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005662
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001951
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006780
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008501
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008602
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009783
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000454
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007958
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008016
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008769
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011215
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011798
2 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (9)
Atha\ACX4
3 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\IVD
3 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\ACX1
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\ACX2
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\ACX3
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\ACX5
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\ACX6
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G06690
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\IBR3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\POX1
2 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (4)
Ecol\caiA
5 of 11
Yes
No
Ecol\ydiO
5 of 11
Yes
No
Ecol\aidB
1 of 11
No
No
Ecol\fadE
1 of 11
No
No
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Mcad. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (13)
Arc42
8 of 13
CG3902
7 of 13
CG4860
7 of 13
Ivd
7 of 13
Acadvl
5 of 13
CG9547
4 of 13
Acox1
3 of 13
Acox3
3 of 13
Acox57D-d
3 of 13
Acox57D-p
3 of 13
CG4586
3 of 13
CG17544
2 of 13
Egm
2 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
ACADM; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain
13 of 14
607008
 
ACADS; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase short chain
4 of 14
606885
ACAD8; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 8
3 of 14
604773
    ACADL; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain
    3 of 14
    609576
        ACADSB; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase short/branched chain
        3 of 14
        600301
          GCDH; glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase
          3 of 14
          608801
          IVD; isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase
          3 of 14
          607036
           
          Functional Complementation Data
          Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
          Interactions
          Summary of Physical Interactions
          esyN Network Diagram
          Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
          Show/hide secondary interactors 
          (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
          Select Layout:
          Legend:
          Protein
          RNA
          Selected Interactor(s)
          Other Interaction Browsers
          View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
          Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
          protein-protein
          Physical Interaction
          Assay
          References
          Mcad - ATPsynγ
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Akt
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
          (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
          Mcad - Arf1
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Arf4
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Arl8
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Atpα
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CCT3
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CCT4
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CCT6
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CCT7
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CCT8
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CG1416
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CG32638
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CG33303
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CG5854
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CG5885
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Chc
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Cnx99A
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - CtsL1
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Cyp12d1-p
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Droj2
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Dsor1
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          (Friedman et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Egfr
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
          (Friedman et al., 2011)
          Mcad - FASN1
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - GCS2β
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Gale
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Gfat2
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - GluProRS
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Gp93
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Hel25E
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Idh3a
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Ipo9
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Kap-α3
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - KdelR
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Kdsr
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Kr-h2
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - LKRSDH
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Ldh
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - MRP
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Mec2
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Mpcp2
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Nfs1
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Ost48
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - OstΔ
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Past1
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Pdhb
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Pdk1
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
          (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
          Mcad - Pi3K68D
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Pp2A-29B
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Rab1
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Rab2
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Rab5
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Rab6
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Rab7
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Raf
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
          (Friedman et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Rap2l
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Rdh1
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - RpS10b
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Rpt1
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - S6k
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
          (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
          Mcad - SERCA
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - ScsβA
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - ScsβG
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Sec13
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Sec61α
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - SerRS
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - SsRβ
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Surf4
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Tapδ
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Tecr
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - TrpRS
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Tspo
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - UQCR-6.4
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - UQCR-C2
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Vha68-2
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - Vps4
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - ZnT63C
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - cathD
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - fax
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - ksr
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
          (Friedman et al., 2011)
          Mcad - mEFTu1
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - mge
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - mt:CoII
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - ox
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - porin
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - r
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - sima
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
          (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
          Mcad - spidey
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - wal
          experimental knowledge based
          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
          Mcad - wts
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
          (Kwon et al., 2013)
          Summary of Genetic Interactions
          esyN Network Diagram
          Show/hide secondary interactors 
          (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
          esyN Network Key:
          Suppression
          Enhancement
          Other Interaction Browsers
          View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
          Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          Pink1
          suppressible
          Mcad
          (Course et al., 2018)
          External Data
          Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
          Homotetramer.
          (UniProt, Q9VSA3 )
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Pathways
          Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
          Metabolic Pathways
          External Data
          Linkouts
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
          Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
          Chromosome (arm)
          3L
          Recombination map
          3-21
          Cytogenetic map
          66A10-66A10
          Sequence location
          FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Evidence for location
          66A10-66A10
          Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)0721708223&P{EP}Rac2EP3118 and P{lacW}Nmtj1C7
          Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Notes
          References
          Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
          Location

          3-21

          (FlyBase, 2016)

          3-17.8

          (Comeron et al., 2012)
          Left of (cM)
          Right of (cM)
          Notes
          Stocks and Reagents
          Stocks (9)
          Genomic Clones (16)
           

          Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

          cDNA Clones (90)
           

          Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

          cDNA clones, fully sequenced
          BDGP DGC clones
          Other clones
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

            For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

            cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
            BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
            RNAi and Array Information
            Linkouts
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Antibody Information
            Laboratory Generated Antibodies
             
            Commercially Available Antibodies
             
            Cell Line Information
            Publicly Available Cell Lines
             
              Other Stable Cell Lines
               
                Other Comments
                Relationship to Other Genes
                Source for database merge of
                Additional comments
                Nomenclature History
                Source for database identify of

                Source for identity of: Mcad CG12262

                (Course et al., 2018)
                Nomenclature comments
                Etymology
                Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)
                Datasets (0)
                Study focus (0)
                Experimental Role
                Project
                Project Type
                Title
                Study result (0)
                Result
                Result Type
                Title
                External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 60 )
                Sequence Crossreferences
                NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                Other crossreferences
                AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                Linkouts
                BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
                References (83)