Gene Group: LIGASES

General Information

Name

LIGASES

Species

D. melanogaster

Symbol

LIG

FlyBase ID

FBgg0000801

Date last reviewed

2019-11-08

Number of members

129

Description

Ligases are enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules, or two groups within a single molecule, by forming a new chemical bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.

Notes on Group

Despite their common/historical name, the UBIQUITIN LIGASES (FBgg0000069) are correctly classified as 'transferases' rather than 'ligases', and so do not appear within the LIGASES gene group.

Source Material

The LIGASES Gene Group has been compiled using the following publication(s): François et al., 2023, Picchioni et al., 2019, Lu et al., 2015, Porcelli and Marygold, 2014.9.16, Du et al., 2011, Watkins et al., 2007, Caggese et al., 2006, Janke et al., 2005, Oba et al., 2005, Tripoli et al., 2005, and Pham and Sauer, 2000 .

Key Gene Ontology (GO) terms

Molecular Function

ligase activity

Biological Process

Cellular Component

Enzymatic activity

Enzyme name (EC)

6.-.-.-

Related Gene Groups

Parent group(s)

ENZYMES

Component group(s)

CARBON-CARBON LIGASES

CARBON-NITROGEN LIGASES

CARBON-OXYGEN LIGASES

CARBON-SULFUR LIGASES

MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX V - ATP SYNTHASES

PHOSPHORIC ESTER LIGASES

Members (129)

For all members:

GO ribbon stack

	molecular function	biological process	cellular component

ACETATE-COA LIGASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

AcCoAS

Acetyl Coenzyme A synthase

ACS, acetyl-CoA synthetase, dACS, ACeCS1, Acetyl-CoA synthase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

DIP2

DISCO Interacting Protein 2

(FlyBase, 2017-)

ACID-AMINO ACID LIGASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Fpgs1

Folylpolyglutamate synthase 1

Fpgs

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Fpgs2

Folylpolyglutamate synthase 2

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Gclc

Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit

GCL, DmGCLC

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Gss1

Glutathione synthetase 1

GS, glutathione synthetase, GSS

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Gss2

Glutathione synthetase 2

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Paics

PAICS bifunctional enzyme

ade5, AIRc-SAICARs, AIR-carboxylase-SAICAR synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Ppcs

Phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase

dPPCS, 4'-phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

TTLL1A

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 1A

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL1B

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 1B

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL3A

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 3A

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL3B

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 3B

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL4A

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 4A

BEST:LD13681

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL4B

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 4B

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL5

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 5

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL6A

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 6A

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL6B

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 6B

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL12

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 12

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

TTLL15

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 15

(FlyBase, 2017-, Janke et al., 2005)

ACID-AMMONIA LIGASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

CG1578

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Gs1

Glutamine synthetase 1

GSI, Glutamine synthetase, mitochondrial glutamine synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Gs2

Glutamine synthetase 2

GsII

(FlyBase, 2017-)

ACYL-COA SYNTHETASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

AcCoAS

Acetyl Coenzyme A synthase

ACS, acetyl-CoA synthetase, dACS, ACeCS1, Acetyl-CoA synthase

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007, Oba et al., 2005)

Acsf2

Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

Acsf3

Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 3

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Acsl

Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain

l(2)44DEa, l(2)k05304, dAcsl, Fatty acyl CoA synthetase, l(2)05847

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007, Oba et al., 2005)

Acsx1L

Acyl-CoA synthetase X1 L

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

Acsx1R

Acyl-CoA synthetase X1 R

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

Acsx2

Acyl-CoA synthetase X2

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

Acsx3

Acyl-CoA synthetase X3

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007, Oba et al., 2005)

Acsx4

Acyl-CoA synthetase X4

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

bgm

bubblegum

BG:DS01514.2

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

CG3961

ACSL1

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007, Oba et al., 2005)

CG4563

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

CG4830

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007, Oba et al., 2005)

CG5568

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

CG6178

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007, Oba et al., 2005)

CG6432

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

CG8834

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007, Oba et al., 2005)

CG9993

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007, Oba et al., 2005)

CG17999

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

CG18586

(FlyBase, 2017-, Oba et al., 2005)

Fatp1

Fatty acid transport protein 1

Fatp, Fatty acid (long chain) transport protein, dFatp, l(2)k10307, fatty acid transport protein

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007, Oba et al., 2005)

Fatp2

Fatty acid transport protein 2

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

Fatp3

Fatty acid transport protein 3

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

hll

heimdall

dbb, BG:DS05899.1, doublebubble

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

pdgy

pudgy

BcDNA:GH02901

(FlyBase, 2017-, Watkins et al., 2007)

AMINOACYL-TRNA SYNTHETASE-LIKE

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

CG8097

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

CG10802

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

ATG8/12 ACTIVATING ENZYMES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Atg7

Autophagy-related 7

dAtg7, autophagy-related protein 7, Autophagy-specific gene 7, autophagy-related gene 7, atg-7

(FlyBase, 2017-, Du et al., 2011)

BETA-ALANYL-AMINE SYNTHASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Aasdh

Aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase

U26

(FlyBase, 2017-)

ebony

(FlyBase, 2017-)

CARBON-NITROGEN LIGASES, WITH GLUTAMINE AS AMIDO-N-DONOR

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

AsnS

Asparagine synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

bur

burgundy

GMPS, l(2)10523

(FlyBase, 2017-)

CG17486

(FlyBase, 2017-)

GatA

Glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase, subunit A

benedict, bene, glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase subunit A, l(3)S092902

(FlyBase, 2017-)

GatB

Glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase, subunit B

(FlyBase, 2017-)

GatC

Glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase, subunit C

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Nadsyn

NAD synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Pfas

Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase

ade2, adenosine 2

(FlyBase, 2017-)

rudimentary

Su(b), CAD, fs(1)M34

(FlyBase, 2017-)

COA CARBOXYLASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

ACC

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

dACC, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Mccc1

Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase 1

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Mccc2

Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase 2

l(2)4524

(FlyBase, 2017-)

CYCLO-LIGASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Gart

GART trifunctional enzyme

ade3, adenosine 3

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Mthfs

Methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

CYTOPLASMIC AMINOACYL-TRNA SYNTHETASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

AlaRS

Alanyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-ala

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

α-PheRS

Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, α-subunit

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

ArgRS

Arginyl-tRNA synthetase

RRS, Aats-arg

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

AsnRS

Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-asn, l(2)37Ca, Ca, l(2)E11, BcDNA:GH06451

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

AspRS

Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-asp, l(2)49Db, poney, l(2)k04508, l(2)vr1

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

β-PheRS

Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, β-subunit

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

CysRS

Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-cys

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

GlnRS

Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-gln, l(3)05461, QRS

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

GluProRS

Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-glupro, EPRS

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

IleRS

Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-ile, l(3)00827

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

LeuRS

Leucyl-tRNA synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

MetRS

Methionyl-tRNA synthetase

dMetRS, MRS

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

SerRS

Seryl-tRNA synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

TrpRS

Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-trp, WRS-85D

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

TyrRS

Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-tyr, dYARS, YARS

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

ValRS

Valyl-tRNA synthetase

l(2)03531, Aats-val, l(2)rI255

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

DNA LIGASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

DNAlig1

DNA ligase 1

DNA-ligI, DNA ligase I

(FlyBase, 2017-)

DNAlig3

DNA ligase 3

lig3, DNA ligase III

(FlyBase, 2017-)

DNAlig4

DNA ligase 4

lig4, ligase4, ligIV, ligase IV, DNA ligase IV

(FlyBase, 2017-)

DUAL-LOCALIZED AMINOACYL-TRNA SYNTHETASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

GlyRS

Glycyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-gly, gars, dGARS

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

HisRS

Histidyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-his, l(1)G0165, HRS, l(1)G0358

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

LysRS

Lysyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-lys

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

ThrRS

Threonyl-tRNA synthetase

Aats-thr, l(2)k04203

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

MITOCHONDRIAL AMINOACYL-TRNA SYNTHETASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

AlaRS-m

Alanyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

Dm mt AlaRS, Aats-ala-m, AlaS

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

ArgRS-m

Arginyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

AsnRS-m

Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

AspRS-m

Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

CysRS-m

Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

GluRS-m

Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

IleRS-m

Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

LeuRS-m

Leucyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

Aats-leu, LeuRS

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

MetRS-m

Methionyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

Aats-met, Methionyl-tRNA synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

PheRS-m

Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

Aats-phe, PheRS, mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

ProRS-m

Prolyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

Aats-pro

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

SerRS-m

Seryl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

Aats-ser, DmSRS2

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

Slimp

Seryl-tRNA synthetase-like insect mitochondrial protein

(Picchioni et al., 2019)

TrpRS-m

Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

TyrRS-m

Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

Aatm, Aats-tyr-m

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

ValRS-m

Valyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

(FlyBase, 2017-, Lu et al., 2015)

MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX V - ATP SYNTHASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

ATPsynβ

ATP synthase, β subunit

ATPsyn-beta, ATPsyn-β, ATP synthase-β, ATP synthase-beta, β-ATPase

(FlyBase, 2017-, Porcelli and Marygold, 2014.9.16, Tripoli et al., 2005)

ATPsynβL

ATP synthase, β subunit-like

ms(3)72Dt

(FlyBase, 2017-, Porcelli and Marygold, 2014.9.16, Caggese et al., 2006, Tripoli et al., 2005)

blw

bellwether

ATP5A, ATPsyn-α, C-V-α, ATPsynα, Complex Vα

(FlyBase, 2017-, Porcelli and Marygold, 2014.9.16, Caggese et al., 2006, Tripoli et al., 2005)

NEDD8 ACTIVATING ENZYMES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

APP-BP1

β-Amyloid precursor protein binding protein 1

dAPP-BP1, APPBP1

(FlyBase, 2017-, Du et al., 2011)

Uba3

Ubiquitin-like activating enzyme 3

dUba3

(FlyBase, 2017-, Du et al., 2011)

PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Pcb

Pyruvate carboxylase

PC, BcDNA:GH06348

(FlyBase, 2017-)

RNA-3'-PHOSPHATE CYCLASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Rtca

RNA 3'-terminal phosphate cyclase

EG:22E5.3

(FlyBase, 2017-)

RNA LIGASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

RtcB

RtcB RNA ligase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

SUCCINYL-COA SYNTHETASE SUBUNITS

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Scsα1

Succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase α subunit 1

Scsalpha, Scsα, Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase α subunit, Scsa

(François et al., 2023, FlyBase, 2017-)

Scsα2

Succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase α subunit 2

(François et al., 2023, FlyBase, 2017-)

ScsβA

Succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase β subunit, ADP-forming

skap, SkpA Associated Protein, A-Sβ

(François et al., 2023, FlyBase, 2017-)

ScsβG

Succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase β subunit, GDP-forming

Sucb

(François et al., 2023, FlyBase, 2017-)

SUMO ACTIVATING ENZYMES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Aos1

Activator of SUMO 1

SAE1, DmAos1

(FlyBase, 2017-, Du et al., 2011)

Uba2

Ubiquitin-like activating enzyme 2

SAE2, sip2, DmUba2

(FlyBase, 2017-, Du et al., 2011)

UBIQUITIN ACTIVATING ENZYMES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Taf1

TBP-associated factor 1

dTAF_II250, dTAF_II230, TAF_II250, Taf250, TAF_II230

(FlyBase, 2017-, Pham and Sauer, 2000)

Uba1

Ubiquitin activating enzyme 1

E1, UBA-1, l(2)03405, Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme, Uba 1

(FlyBase, 2017-, Du et al., 2011)

UFM1 ACTIVATING ENZYMES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Uba5

Ubiquitin-like activating enzyme 5

Ubiquitin activating enzyme 5

(FlyBase, 2017-, Du et al., 2011)

UNCLASSIFIED CARBON-NITROGEN LIGASES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

ACC

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

dACC, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Adss

Adenylosuccinate synthetase

BcDNA:LD32788

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Ass

Argininosuccinate synthase

BG:DS00004.14

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Ctps

CTP synthase

CTPsyn

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Hcs

Holocarboxylase synthetase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

Naprt

Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase

(FlyBase, 2017-)

pug

pugilist

pugD, MTHFD

(FlyBase, 2017-)

URM1 ACTIVATING ENZYMES

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Also Known As

Source Material for Membership

Uba4

Ubiquitin-like activating enzyme 4

Mocs3

(FlyBase, 2017-, Du et al., 2011)

External Data

Equivalent Group(s)

Other resource(s)

Synonyms and Secondary IDs

Synonym(s)

LIG

LIGASES

Synthetases

Secondary FlyBase ID(s)

References (13)

Report Sections

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