FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\ptc[16]

In ptc¹⁶/ptc^D130 mutant embryos, ganglionic branches do not extend into the ventral nerve cord. Defects in the dorsal branch, elongation and in dorsal trunk thickness and convolution are also observed. In addition, the visceral branches are very often misplaced, localising more ventrally than in the wild-type.

(Butí et al., 2014)

Homozygous mushroom body gamma neuron clones show normal axon pruning.

(Issman-Zecharya and Schuldiner, 2014)

When ptc¹⁶ somatic clones are made in a ptc^{L.Δloop2.RpL32} wing, anterior clones appear wild-type, clones along the anterior posterior compartment boundary form a mirror symmetric duplication of a more anterior pattern, including an ectopic wing vein 3 and triple row bristles.

(Casali and Struhl, 2004)

All flies carrying ptc^tuf-1 in trans to ptc¹⁶ have severely reduced, rough eyes, a highly enlarged head vertex (ocellar triangle, fronto-orbital plate and frons), outgrowths of head cuticle and large numbers of missing, misplaced or ectopic head bristles. ptc^559.1/ptc¹⁶ flies have mildly reduced eyes, a normal sized head vertex and low incidences of head cuticle outgrowths and ectopic or misplaced head bristles. ptc¹⁶ somatic clones in the head vertex region (ocellar triangle, fronto-orbital plate and frons) cause duplication of macrochaetae and an increase in the size of ocelli (occasionally the medial ocellus is split in two). Ectopic ocelli often form in lateral regions of the head vertex together with ocellar and posterior vertical bristles. In the eye discs of late third instar ptc¹⁶/ptc^tuf-1 larvae, apoptosis is increased in a broad swath of cells situated behind the furrow.

(Thomas and Ingham, 2003)

4% of ptc^P83/ptc¹⁶ animals survive to adulthood. Survivors show fusion of wing veins L3 and L4. 11% of ptc^Q67/ptc¹⁶ animals survive to adulthood. Survivors show fusion of wing veins L3 and L4.

(Vegh and Basler, 2003)

ptc^Cwh1/ptc¹⁶ flies show duplication of the scutellar macrochaetae.

(Tang and Sun, 2002)

When ptc¹⁶ germ-line clones are induced, mutant cysts are still seen to develop in the germarium. However no ptc¹⁶ egg chambers are detected after stage 7. Somatic clones overproliferate. This overproliferation does not depend on whether their neighbouring germ-line cells are ptc⁺ or not.

(King et al., 2001)

Homozygous cells in the anterior of mosaic wing imaginal discs minimise contact with neighbouring ptc⁺ cells, resulting in round clones with smooth borders. Very few clones survive in the region between veins L1 and L2 in the wing. Duplications of vein L3 are often seen, but vein L4 is never disrupted in wings containing clones. Homozygous embryos retain only two isolated denticle rows per segment.

(Methot and Basler, 2001)

homozygous and hemizygous mutants display distortion in the costal cell and an increase in the distance between the L3 and L4 wing veins.

(Strutt et al., 2001)

Clones induced in the P compartment of the abdominal tergite show no mutant phenotype. In the anterior domain of the A compartment, mutant cells develop normally in the a1 region but a2 is transformed to a1. Mutant cells develop normally in the posterior a6, but clones in a5, a4 and a3 resemble a6 (based on phenotypic and cell marker expression considerations). Some clones are more complex and become associated with a complete sequence of cuticle types arranged in reverse order. Cells in the clone secrete p3, p2 and p1 cuticle while, posterior to the clone, a5 and a6 cuticle are induced. At the anterior limit of the clone there is an ectopic P/A compartment boundary with a1 being made by wild type cells. Flanking anterior cells not in the clone become a2-like. Cells in clones have a tendency to sort out, but survivors in the middle of the segment produce hairs and bristles pointing towards the center of the clone with a zone of reversed polarity behind the clone up to several cells wide.

(Lawrence et al., 1999)

Clones in the posterior domain of the A compartment make a6 cuticle, and tend to sort out or back, leaving their twin wild type clone. The mutant clone is smaller and more circular than the twin.

(Lawrence et al., 1999)

ptc^G20/ptc¹⁶ wing discs show an extension of all sensory organ precursor cells close to the A/P border, with extra sensilla induced in the Sc25, Sc4d and Sc12 clusters and extra vein 3 sensilla throughout the anterior compartment. ptc^tuf-1/ptc¹⁶ flies have extra bristles in the scutellum.

(Mullor et al., 1997)

ptc¹⁶ ptc^αTub84B.PCa wing clones that arise at a distance from the A/P boundary do not alter the adult wing pattern. The presence of the transgene does not rescue the development of clones that arise immediately anterior to the A/P boundary. Replacing one copy of ptc¹⁶ with ptc^S2 gives rise to normal flies.

(Chen and Struhl, 1996)

ptc^G20/ptc¹⁶ heterozygotes display severe disorganisation and necrosis of the wing.

(Capdevila and Guerrero, 1994)

Heterozygotes with ptc^tuf-1 display a variable phenotype including overgrowth of the anterior compartment of the wing, loss of costal structures and wing vein defects and loss of scutellar bristles. Heterozygotes with ptc^G20 are pupal lethal. ptc^tuf-1/ptc¹⁶ heterozygotes display severe outgrowth of the anterior compartment of the wing disc, loss of costal structures, duplications or plexations of veins 1 and 2, increase of the distance between veins 3 and 4 and increase in the number of scutellar bristles. The combination ptc^G20/ptc¹⁶ is semi-viable. Wings show overgrowth of the anterior compartment, partial or complete loss of vein 2 and plexation of veins 1 and 3. Extra bristles appear on the notum and there are morphological alterations in the legs.

(Capdevila et al., 1994)

homozygous lethal

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

NOT Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

ptc¹⁶ has increased cell number | spermatogenesis | clone of cells phenotype, non-enhanceable by Scer\GAL4^C587/Rel^68.UAS.cHMa

(Hof-Michel et al., 2024)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

ptc¹⁶ has increased cell number | clone of cells | spermatogenesis phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^C587/Rel^68.UAS.cHMa

(Hof-Michel et al., 2024)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

ptc¹⁶ is a suppressor | somatic clone of abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone phenotype of Atg6¹

(Issman-Zecharya and Schuldiner, 2014)

Other

Statement

Reference

Df(2R)en^E, ptc¹⁶ has visible phenotype

(Lawrence et al., 1999, Lawrence et al., 1999)

Df(2R)en^E, ptc¹⁶ has abnormal planar polarity phenotype

(Lawrence et al., 1999)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

ptc¹⁶ has wing disc | anterior | somatic clone phenotype, suppressible by ci⁹⁴

(Methot and Basler, 2001)

ptc¹⁶/ptc^G20 has phenotype, suppressible by fu^J

(Sanchez-Herrero et al., 1996)

ptc¹⁶/ptc^G20 has phenotype, suppressible | partially by dpp^d5/dpp^d12

(Capdevila et al., 1994)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

ptc¹⁶/ptc[+] is an enhancer of campaniform sensillum of dorsal radius phenotype of Su(fu)^LP

(Ayers et al., 2009)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

ptc¹⁶ is a suppressor | somatic clone of gamma Kenyon cell | somatic clone phenotype of Atg6¹

(Issman-Zecharya and Schuldiner, 2014)

ptc¹⁶/ptc^tuf-1 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of hh^bar3

(Thomas and Ingham, 2003)

ptc¹⁶ is a suppressor of germarium phenotype of fs(1)Yb^M104-3

(King et al., 2001)

ptc¹⁶ is a suppressor of germline stem cell phenotype of fs(1)Yb^M104-3

(King et al., 2001)

ptc¹⁶ is a suppressor of egg chamber phenotype of fs(1)Yb^M104-3

(King et al., 2001)

Other

Statement

Reference

ptc¹⁶/ptc[+], tow⁷⁵⁴ has 1st posterior cell phenotype

(Ayers et al., 2009)

ptc¹⁶/ptc[+], tow⁷⁵⁴ has campaniform sensillum of dorsal radius phenotype

(Ayers et al., 2009)

ci⁹⁴, ptc¹⁶ has ventral denticle belt phenotype

(Methot and Basler, 2001)

ci⁹⁴, ptc¹⁶ has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype

(Methot and Basler, 2001)

Df(2R)en^E, ptc¹⁶ has tergite anterior compartment phenotype

(Lawrence et al., 1999, Lawrence et al., 1999)

Df(2R)en^E, ptc¹⁶ has tergite posterior compartment phenotype

(Lawrence et al., 1999)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

The axon pruning defect of Atg6¹ mushroom body gamma neuron clones is significantly suppressed if the neurons are also homozygous for ptc¹⁶.

(Issman-Zecharya and Schuldiner, 2014)

ptc¹⁶/+ ; tow⁷⁵⁴/tow⁷⁵⁴ flies show a slight increase in the mean number of The number of campaniform sensilla (CS) along wing vein 3 compared to wild type, and the percentage of wings with aberrant CS numbers is also increased. The intervein area between veins 3 and 4 is also increased.

ptc¹⁶/+ enhances the increase in the number of campaniform sensilla (CS) along wing vein 3 seen in Su(fu)^LP homozygotes (both the average number of CS and the fraction of wings with aberrant numbers of CS is increased).

(Ayers et al., 2009)

The reversal of cell polarity phenotype that is seen in cells posterior to clones in the anterior compartment of the dorsal epidermis of the adult abdomen (in the tergite) where the clones are doubly mutant for ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E is still seen if the clones are induced in a stan³/stan^E59 background, as occurs in clones induced a wild-type background.

The reversal of cell polarity phenotype that is seen in cells posterior to clones in the anterior compartment of the dorsal epidermis of the adult abdomen (in the tergite) where the clones are doubly mutant for ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E is still seen if the clones are induced in a fz^unspecified background, as occurs in clones induced a wild-type background.

The reversal of cell polarity phenotype that is seen in cells posterior to clones in the anterior compartment of the dorsal epidermis of the adult abdomen (in the tergite) where the clones are doubly mutant for ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E is still seen if the clones are induced in a ds^unspecified background, as occurs in clones induced a wild-type background.

The reversal of cell polarity phenotype that is seen in cells posterior to clones in the anterior compartment of the dorsal epidermis of the adult abdomen (in the tergite) where the clones are doubly mutant for ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E is not seen if the clones are induced in a ds^unspecified stan³/stan^E59 double mutant background instead of a wild-type background.

Clones of cells in the anterior compartment of the dorsal epidermis of the adult abdomen (in the tergite) where the clones are triply mutant for ptc¹⁶, Df(2R)en^E and stan^E59 and have been induced in a ds^unspecified background do not result in a reversal of cell polarity in cells surrounding the clone.

(Casal et al., 2006)

When bi^omb-3198 ptc¹⁶ double homozygous clones are made in the anterior compartment of the abdominal segment. These clones makes segmental region anterior 6 (a6) cuticle, like ptc¹⁶ clones, but reverse polarity in the front half of the clone as do bi^omb-3198 clones.

(Lawrence et al., 2002)

fs(1)Yb^M104-3 homozygous ovarioles that contain ptc¹⁶ clones contain functional germaria and an average of 4.6 post-germarial egg chambers. Some ovarioles contain up to seven egg chambers. However these germaria are somewhat rudimentary and comparable in size and morphology to old wild-type germaria with only one remaining germline stem cell.

(King et al., 2001)

ptc¹⁶ ci⁹⁴ double mutant clones in the anterior of the wing disc have "wiggly" boundaries indistinguishable from wild-type control clones. ptc¹⁶ ci⁹⁴ double mutant clones in the wing show the same features as ci⁹⁴ single mutant clones. ci⁹⁴ ptc¹⁶ double mutant embryos show a higher degree of naked cuticle compared with ci⁹⁴ single mutants. They also differ from ptc¹⁶ single mutant embryos. ci⁹⁴ ptc¹⁶ double mutant embryos derived from ci⁹⁴ ptc¹⁶ female germline clones have the same phenotype as ci single mutant embryos. The addition of hh^AC does not aggravate the ptc¹⁶ mutant phenotype.

(Methot and Basler, 2001)

Double mutant clones of ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E induced in the a2 region of the A compartment behave as ptc¹⁶ clones and make a1 cuticle. In the rest of the compartment clones make dusky a5 as opposed to clear a6-type cuticle. No clones make P-type cuticle. Single clones of ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E in the A compartment can make both a1 and a5 cuticle, and reorganize polarity within and behind the clone. The results are slightly different for A6 than for more anterior segments: cuticle made by clones resembles the lightly pigmented cuticle found just posterior to a5 in segment A6. Pupal mutant clones of ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E appear exactly like Df(2R)en^E clones.

(Lawrence et al., 1999)

Clones mutant for ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E induced in the posterior domain of the anterior compartment produce a5 cuticle. Clones induced before 12 hours APF reveal that the mutant cells have different affinities than those around them, judging from the shape of, and cell density within, the clone. This different affinity is graded across the segment. In the posterior domain of the A compartment, the later the induction, the further anterior the clone, and the more anterior the clone, the more circular its shape and smaller its size. In the posterior domain of the A compartment twin clones are oriented with mutant posterior to wild type. In the anterior domain of the A compartment twin clones are oriented with mutant anterior to wild type. Some clones span both anterior and posterior domains of the A compartment. Clones mutant for ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E induced in the posterior compartment in the larval period or earlier rarely survive. Survivors are anteriorly located, produce a5 cuticle, and most fuse with the anterior compartment, a5 cuticle. Clones mutant for ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E induced in the posterior compartment in the pupal period produce a5 cuticle and lie anterior to the twin clone. The clone and its twin can be separated by several cell diameters. The mutant clone is more circular and smaller that the twin. Clones mutant for ptc¹⁶ and Df(2R)en^E induced in the posterior compartment in the pupal period after 12 hours APF are small and only partially transformed to A identity.

(Lawrence et al., 1999)

fu^J; ptc^G20/ptc¹⁶ flies are viable and show a fu phenotype, and the ptc phenotype is rescued, although occasionally incompletely.

(Sanchez-Herrero et al., 1996)

Partial rescue of the ptc phenotype is seen in dpp^d12 ptc^G20 / dpp^d5 ptc¹⁶, increased bristle numbers on legs, antennae and notum are lower and reduced overgrowth of pharate adult legs.

(Capdevila et al., 1994)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Partially complements

ptc^k02507

(Prokopenko et al., 2000)

Fails to complement

ptc^E227-2

(Rottgen et al., 1998)

ptc^E291-6

(Rottgen et al., 1998)

ptc^E470-3

(Rottgen et al., 1998)

ptc^X234-1

(Rottgen et al., 1998)

ptc^X253-4

(Rottgen et al., 1998)

ptc^X291-5

(Rottgen et al., 1998)

Rescued by

ptc¹⁶/ptc¹⁰ is rescued by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/ptc^Y442C.UAS

(Johnson et al., 2002)

ptc^S2/ptc¹⁶ is rescued by ptc^αTub84B.PCa

(Chen and Struhl, 1996)

Partially rescued by

ptc¹⁶ is partially rescued by ptc^UAS.cJa/Scer\GAL4^da.G32

(Johnson et al., 2000)

ptc¹⁶ is partially rescued by ptc^hs.PSa

(Capdevila et al., 1994)

Not rescued by

ptc¹⁶ is not rescued by ptc^{hh-ptc.UAS.Tag:HA}/Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

(Casali and Struhl, 2004)

ptc¹⁶/ptc¹⁰ is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/ptc^D584N.UAS

(Johnson et al., 2002)

ptc¹⁶ is not rescued by ptc^1130X.UAS/Scer\GAL4^da.G32

(Johnson et al., 2000)

Comments

30% of the expected number of ptc^k02507/ptc¹⁶ transheterozygotes emerge. Escapers are viable and fertile.

(Prokopenko et al., 2000)

ptc^αTub84B.PCa can rescue ptc¹⁶/ptc^S2 mutants to adulthood, adults have normal wings.

(Chen and Struhl, 1996)

The lethality seen in combination with ptc^G20 can be rescued by ptc^hs.PSa.

(Capdevila et al., 1994)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

35500

ptc¹⁶ cn¹ bw¹ speck¹/CyO

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (8)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

ptc^-

(Lawrence et al., 2002, Mullor and Guerrero, 2000)

ptc¹⁶

(Chen et al., 2017, González-Méndez et al., 2017, Sarov et al., 2016, Brigui et al., 2015, Okumura et al., 2015, Issman-Zecharya and Schuldiner, 2014, Ranieri et al., 2014, Fabre et al., 2010, Ayers et al., 2009, Gallet et al., 2008)

ptc^IIW109

(Vervoort et al., 1999, Rottgen et al., 1998, Sanchez et al., 1997, Capdevila and Guerrero, 1994, Hidalgo and Ingham, 1990)

ptc^IIw109

(Vegh and Basler, 2003, Mullor and Guerrero, 2000, Gomez-Skarmeta and Modolell, 1996)

ptc^IIw

(Zhang et al., 2023, Hsu et al., 2017, Sagner et al., 2012, Khaliullina et al., 2009, Inaki et al., 2002, Tang and Sun, 2002, Denef et al., 2000, Cavodeassi et al., 1999, Dominguez, 1999, Lawrence et al., 1999, Lawrence et al., 1999)

ptc^W109

(Johnson et al., 2002, Johnson et al., 2000)

ptc^WII109

(Mullor et al., 1997)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (64)

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