FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\so[D]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\so^D

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0015926

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\so

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

gain of function allele

antimorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl nitrosourea

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

antimorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Cheyette et al., 1994)

gain of function allele

(Kenyon et al., 2005)

Mutagen

ethyl nitrosourea

(Cheyette et al., 1994, Craymer, 1984)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Amino acid replacement: V200D. Amino acid replacement: G66A. Amino acid residue 200 is within the highly conserved Six domain, while amino acid 66 is in a non-conserved region.

(Kenyon et al., 2005)

Amino acid replacement: V200D.

(Kumar et al., 2004)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

2R:7,425,201..7,425,201 [+]

Nucleotide change:

T7425201A

Reported nucleotide change:

T?A

Amino acid change:

V200D | so-PA

Reported amino acid change:

V200D

Comment:

V200D amino acid change thought to be responsible for mutant phenotype. so^D also contains an amino acid replacement G66A that is not reponsible for the phenotype.

(Kenyon et al., 2005, Kumar et al., 2004)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

eye

(Weasner et al., 2007, Kenyon et al., 2005, Kumar et al., 2004, Craymer, 1984)

eye | absent

(Kumari et al., 2022)

photoreceptor neuron | larval stage

(Kumar et al., 2004)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

so[D] adults lack eyes.

(Kumari et al., 2022)

so^D/+ animals completely lack compound eyes.

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D/+ mutants are eyeless or have severely reduced eyes. The more copies of the allele present in the fly, the more severe the eye phenotype is. The eye primordia of so^D mutants displays normal specification and maintenance, but eye discs become arrested at the time of neuronal morphogenesis and relatively late stages of eye development are affected.

(Kenyon et al., 2005)

Heterozygotes lack compound eyes and the region normally occupied by the eye is replaced by a large nonpigmented and nondifferentiated field of tissue. Heterozygotes show a complete lack of photoreceptor differentiation during larval eye disc development.

(Kumar et al., 2004)

Heterozygotes exhibit an extreme eyeless phenotype, this can be rescued by heat induced expression of so (repetitive heat shocks during third instar).

(Cheyette et al., 1994)

Heterozygotes display an extreme reduction in eye size.

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

RK1 Heterozygote has small, glazed eyes.

(Craymer, 1984)

Heterozygote has very small glazed eyes; more extreme than Dr^Mio/+; so^D/+/+ has a very clear phenotype, but weaker than that of Dr^Mio/+ (i.e., about the size of wg^Gla-1/+, but not glazed). Heterozygote has excellent viability. homozygous lethal. gain-of-function allele

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

so^D has visible | dominant phenotype, enhanceable by nej[+]/nej³

(Kumar et al., 2004)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

so^D has visible | dominant phenotype, suppressible by nej^UAS.Tag:V5/Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

(Kumar et al., 2004)

so^D has visible | dominant phenotype, suppressible by nej^ΔBHQ.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

(Kumar et al., 2004)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

so^D has visible | dominant phenotype, non-suppressible by nej^ΔNZK.UAS/Scer\GAL4^unspecified

(Kumar et al., 2004)

so^D has visible | dominant phenotype, non-suppressible by nej^ΔQ.UAS/Scer\GAL4^unspecified

(Kumar et al., 2004)

Other

Statement

Reference

nej³, so^D has increased cell death phenotype

(Kumar et al., 2004)

nej[+]/nej³, so^D has increased cell death phenotype

(Kumar et al., 2004)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

so^D has eye disc phenotype, enhanceable by nej[+]/nej³

(Kumar et al., 2004)

so^D has eye phenotype, enhanceable by nej[+]/nej³

(Kumar et al., 2004)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

so^D has eye phenotype, suppressible by so::Optix^NT.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D has eye phenotype, suppressible by so::Optix^HD.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D has eye disc phenotype, suppressible by nej^ΔBHQ.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

(Kumar et al., 2004)

so^D has eye disc phenotype, suppressible by nej^UAS.Tag:V5/Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

(Kumar et al., 2004)

so^D has eye phenotype, suppressible by nej^ΔBHQ.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

(Kumar et al., 2004)

so^D has eye phenotype, suppressible by nej^UAS.Tag:V5/Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

(Kumar et al., 2004)

so^D has photoreceptor neuron | larval stage phenotype, suppressible by nej^UAS.Tag:V5/Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

(Kumar et al., 2004)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

so^D has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by Optix^FL.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by so::Optix^SD.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by so::Optix^CT.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by so::Optix^NT+CT.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by so::Optix^SD+HD.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by nej^ΔNZK.UAS/Scer\GAL4^unspecified

(Kumar et al., 2004)

so^D has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by nej^ΔQ.UAS/Scer\GAL4^unspecified

(Kumar et al., 2004)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

nej³/+ ; so^D/+ adults lack eyes and the nondifferentiated field of tissue that is seen in place of the eye in so^D/+ single mutants is replaced by head tissue in the double mutant adults. nej³/+ ; so^D/+ eye imaginal discs are small and undergo increased levels of cell death. Expression of nej^{Scer\UAS.T:SV5\V5} under the control of Scer\GAL4^ey.PH suppresses the no-eye phenotype of so^D/+; eye imaginal discs are nearly normal in size and contain large numbers of photoreceptor cell clusters, and in adults, the eyes are fully pigmented, although they are not normally patterned. Expression of nej^{ΔBHQ.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^ey.PH suppresses the no-eye phenotype of so^D/+, to the same degree as expression of nej^{Scer\UAS.T:SV5\V5} under the control of Scer\GAL4^ey.PH. Expression of nej^{ΔNZK.Scer\UAS} or nej^ΔQ.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4^unspecified does not suppress the no-eye phenotype of so^D/+.

(Kumar et al., 2004)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Partially rescued by

so^D is partially rescued by so^FL.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D is partially rescued by so^ΔNT.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D is partially rescued by so^G66A.hs

(Kenyon et al., 2005)

Not rescued by

so^D is not rescued by so^ΔSD.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D is not rescued by so^ΔHD.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D is not rescued by so^ΔCT.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^D is not rescued by so^ΔNT+CT.UAS/Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Weasner et al., 2007)

Comments

Scer\GAL4^ey.PU-mediated expression of so^FL.Scer\UAS or so^{ΔNT.Scer\UAS} partially restores so^D eyes.

Scer\GAL4^ey.PU-mediated expression of so^{ΔSD.Scer\UAS}, so^{ΔHD.Scer\UAS}, so^{ΔCT.Scer\UAS} or so^{ΔNT+CT.Scer\UAS} does not rescue the so^D eye phenotype.

(Weasner et al., 2007)

so^G66A.hs partially rescues the eye phenotype of so^D flies in a dosage-dependent manner.

(Kenyon et al., 2005)

Images (2)

Holtzman, S. and Kaufman, T. (2013)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (2)

4287

107671

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Sakonju, 1982.

(Craymer, 1984)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (5)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

Drl

Drl¹

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

so^D

(Kumari et al., 2022, Nath et al., 2020, Zhang et al., 2020, Kahsai and Cook, 2018, Chakrabarti et al., 2015, Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22, Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22, Weasner et al., 2007, Garcia-Murillas et al., 2006)

soD

(Togane et al., 2007)

Name Synonyms

Droplet

(Cheyette et al., 1994)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (17)

Report Sections

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