FB2024_03 , released April 23, 2024
Gene: Dmel\Ent2
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Ent2
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2
Annotation Symbol
CG31911
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0263916
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
13 publicly available
Gene Summary
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 (Ent2) encodes a member of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter family and represents a primary plasma membrane equilibrative transporter. It is involved in stress signaling and adenosin recycling. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

P124

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
26E3-26E3
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-21
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:6562325..6564709
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (8 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity
inferred from direct assay
(Machado et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:11003
(Sankar et al., 2002)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:11004
(Sankar et al., 2002)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000035696
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002259
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in associative learning
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Knight et al., 2010, Kamyshev et al., 2000)
involved_in chemical synaptic transmission
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Knight et al., 2010)
involved_in negative regulation of calcium ion import
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Knight et al., 2010)
involved_in nucleoside transmembrane transport
inferred from direct assay
(Machado et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in nucleoside transmembrane transport
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002259
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in nucleoside transport
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:11003
(Sankar et al., 2002)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:11004
(Sankar et al., 2002)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Knight et al., 2010)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in membrane
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002259
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence model
(Sankar et al., 2002)
is_active_in plasma membrane
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000035696
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred by curator from GO:0005337,GO:1901642
(FlyBase Curators, 2016-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 (Ent2) encodes a member of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter family and represents a primary plasma membrane equilibrative transporter. It is involved in stress signaling and adenosin recycling. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
SLC29 FAMILY OF EQUILIBRATIVE NUCLEOSIDE TRANSPORTERS -
Solute carrier family 29 (SLC29) transporters transport nucleosides across membranes by facilitated diffusion. (Adapted from FBrf0152285).
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Ent2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VMB6)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.51

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
gene
(Kamyshev et al., 2000)
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Ent2-RA
FBtr0079290
NM_135205
2072
458
Ent2-RB
FBtr0343158
NM_001298751
2385
458
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Ent2-PA
FBpp0078920
51.3
458
8.89
Q9VMB6
NP_609049
AAF52405
Ent2-PB
FBpp0309853
51.3
458
8.89
Q9VMB6
NP_001285680
AHN54195
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

458 aa isoforms: Ent2-PA, Ent2-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Ent2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.86

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval stage
embryonic/larval optic lobe
(Knight et al., 2010)
embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Knight et al., 2010)
adult stage
Kenyon cell | intense
(Knight et al., 2010)
adult optic lobe | restricted

Comment: higher concentration of riboprobe

(Knight et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data

Ent2 transcript is expressed in the larval CNS and optic lobe. In the adult it labels the Kenyon cells and the optic lobe. It co-localises with ScerGAL4Ent2-NP7068.

(Knight et al., 2010)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Knight et al., 2010)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Ent2 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 11 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Ent2
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Ent2
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)BSC6
(Knight et al., 2010)
Df(2L)BSC7
(Knight et al., 2010)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (4)
Hsap\SLC29A1
8 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\SLC29A2
8 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\SLC29A3
8 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\SLC29A4
3 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)
Rnor\Slc29a1
9 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Slc29a2
8 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Slc29a3
8 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Slc29a4
3 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)
Mmus\Slc29a1
8 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Slc29a3
7 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Slc29a2
6 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Slc29a4
3 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
Xtro\slc29a1
4 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\slc29a2
4 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\slc29a3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\usp43
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (7)
Drer\slc29a1a
8 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\slc29a1b
8 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\slc29a2
8 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\slc29a3
8 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\slc29a4b
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\slc29a4a
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100334018
1 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (7)
Cele\ent-2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\ent-1
13 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\ent-3
13 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\ent-5
9 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\ent-4
8 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\ent-7
8 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\ent-6
5 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (4)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003892
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009114
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012748
4 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011796
3 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (8)
Atha\ENT1
8 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\ENT6
8 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\ENT7
8 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT1G02630
7 of 13
No
No
Atha\ENT4
7 of 13
No
No
Atha\FUR1
7 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G09990
6 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G05140
6 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\FUN26
10 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Ent2. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)
Ent1
10 of 13
Ent3
4 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    SLC29A1; solute carrier family 29 member 1 (Augustine blood group)
    8 of 14
    602193
        SLC29A2; solute carrier family 29 member 2
        8 of 14
        602110
            SLC29A3; solute carrier family 29 member 3
            8 of 14
            612373
            SLC29A4; solute carrier family 29 member 4
            3 of 14
            609149
                Functional Complementation Data
                Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                Interactions
                Summary of Physical Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Other Interaction Browsers
                Summary of Genetic Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show/hide secondary interactors 
                (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
                esyN Network Key:
                Suppression
                Enhancement
                Other Interaction Browsers
                View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                Ent2
                suppressible
                AdoR
                (Knight et al., 2010)
                Ent2
                enhanceable
                dnc
                (Knight et al., 2010)
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                External Data
                Linkouts
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                Pathways
                Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                Metabolic Pathways
                External Data
                Linkouts
                Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                Chromosome (arm)
                2L
                Recombination map
                2-21
                Cytogenetic map
                26E3-26E3
                Sequence location
                FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Evidence for location
                26E3-26E3
                Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}Sec61αEP2180 and P{lacW}Ate1k10809
                Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Notes
                References
                Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                Location

                2-21

                (FlyBase, 2016)

                2-21.1

                (Comeron et al., 2012)
                Left of (cM)
                Right of (cM)
                Notes
                Stocks and Reagents
                Stocks (13)
                Genomic Clones (20)
                cDNA Clones (41)
                 

                Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                RNAi and Array Information
                Linkouts
                Antibody Information
                Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                 
                Commercially Available Antibodies
                 
                Cell Line Information
                Publicly Available Cell Lines
                 
                  Other Stable Cell Lines
                   
                    Other Comments

                    Ent2 consists of a single exon. It has no internal stop codons, there is no evidence of genomic poly(A) tracts and it is transcribed. It is possible that this gene is a retrogene.

                    (Sankar et al., 2002)

                    Shows particularly robust cycling of transcription in adult heads, as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated during three 12-point time course experiments over the course of 6 days.

                    (Claridge-Chang et al., 2001)
                    Relationship to Other Genes
                    Source for database merge of

                    Source for merge of: BEST:LD04971 CG11045

                    (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.11.2)

                    Source for merge of: P124 Ent2

                    (Knight et al., 2010)
                    Additional comments
                    Nomenclature History
                    Source for database identify of

                    Source for identity of: Ent2 BEST:LD04971

                    (Sankar et al., 2002)
                    Nomenclature comments
                    Etymology
                    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)
                    Datasets (0)
                    Study focus (0)
                    Experimental Role
                    Project
                    Project Type
                    Title
                    Study result (0)
                    Result
                    Result Type
                    Title
                    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 30 )
                    Sequence Crossreferences
                    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                    UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                    UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                    Other crossreferences
                    AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                    MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                    Linkouts
                    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                    iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                    References (59)