FB2024_04 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\tai
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\tai
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
taiman
Annotation Symbol
CG13109
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0041092
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
taiman (tai) encodes an ecdysone receptor co-activator related to mammalian steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) proteins. It contributes to border cell migration. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

l(2)01351, DAIB1, l(2)k05809, l(2)k05802

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-35
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:9166778..9250211
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (12 terms)
Molecular Function (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:EcR; FB:FBgn0000546
inferred from direct assay
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:gce; FB:FBgn0261703
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000074430
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR017426
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000074430
Biological Process (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000074430
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR017426
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:tgo; FB:FBgn0264075
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000074430
located_in nucleus
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR017426
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
taiman (tai) encodes an ecdysone receptor co-activator related to mammalian steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) proteins. It contributes to border cell migration. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins that regulate transcription. They are characterized by a 60 amino acid region comprising a basic DNA binding domain followed by a HLH motif formed from two amphipathic α-helices connected by a loop. bHLH transcription factors form homo- and hetero-dimeric complexes, which bind to a E box consensus sequence. (Adapted from PMID:15186484).
Summary (Interactive Fly)

steroid hormone receptor coactivator - required for border cell migration during oogenesis - links Yorkie to transcriptional control of germline stem cell factors in somatic tissue

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
6
Number of Unique Polypeptides
4

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\tai for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry M9ND53)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0303870
8158
2026
FBtr0303871
8290
2026
FBtr0303872
8125
2014
FBtr0303873
10859
1918
FBtr0304974
11378
2047
FBtr0333405
7966
1918
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0292873
212.7
2026
8.18
FBpp0292874
212.7
2026
8.18
FBpp0292875
211.3
2014
8.08
FBpp0292876
201.6
1918
8.17
FBpp0293513
215.1
2047
8.18
FBpp0305597
201.6
1918
8.17
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

2026 aa isoforms: tai-PC, tai-PD
1918 aa isoforms: tai-PF, tai-PH
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\tai using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.29

Transcript Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\tai in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 55 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 17 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of tai
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of tai
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 9 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (8)
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (7)
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (9)
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (11)
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
3 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (7)
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (7)
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:tai. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (5)
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show/hide secondary interactors 
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
esyN Network Key:
Suppression
Enhancement
Other Interaction Browsers

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2L
Recombination map
2-35
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
30A2-30A6
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k04003k04003 and P{PZ}tai01351
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
30A3-30A5
(determined by in situ hybridisation) 30A3--6 (determined by in situ hybridisation)
30A3-30A5
(determined by in situ hybridisation)
30A3-30A5
30A4--5 30A4--6 30A7--8 30A3--6 42F1--2
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (45)
Genomic Clones (50)
cDNA Clones (29)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        The Hrp59 protein binds preferentially to a subset of mRNAs, including tai mRNA.

        RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells.

        Identification: in a screen for mutations that cause border cell migration defects in mosaic clones in the ovary.

        tai is required cell-autonomously for border cell migration.

        Mutations in tai cause defects in migration of border follicle cells in the ovary.

        Gene isolated in a screen of the second chromosome identifying mutants affecting disc morphology.

        The autosomal "FLP-DFS" technique (using the P{ovoD1-18} P{FRT(whs)} P{hsFLP} chromosomes) has been used to identify the specific maternal effect phenotype for the zygotic lethal mutation. tai gene expression during oogenesis is not critical to embryonic development, but the gene function may be essential for fertilisation and/or completion of meiosis.

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: tai l(2)k05809 l(2)01351 l(2)k05802

        Source for merge of: tai NEST:bs13g05

        Source for merge of: tai CG13109 CG18494

        Additional comments

        Source for merge of tai CG13109 CG18494 was sequence comparison ( date:001007 ).

        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: tai Aib1

        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology

        The gene is named "taiman", meaning "too slow" (border cell migration is affected in mutants).

        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (18)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        CG18494
        NEST:bs13g05
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
        • FBgn0010485
        • FBgn0022157
        • FBgn0024593
        • FBgn0032102
        • FBgn0032103
        • FBgn0045313
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 92 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
        References (175)