FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\TFAM
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\TFAM
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
mitochondrial transcription factor A
Annotation Symbol
CG4217
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0038805
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
11 publicly available
Gene Summary
mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) encodes a protein essential for mtDNA transcription and replication. It also binds to mtDNA nonspecifically, and plays a role in mtDNA maintenance by packaging mtDNA. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

mtTFA, d-TFAM

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
92F2-92F2
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-69
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:20575245..20577010
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (8 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables mitochondrial promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q00059
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
enables mitochondrial transcription factor activity
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q00059
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN005311573
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in response to oxidative stress
inferred from direct assay
(Matsuda et al., 2013)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in mitochondrial transcription
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q00059
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q00059
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from direct assay
(Takata et al., 2001)
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Tan et al., 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in mitochondrial matrix
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q00059
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) encodes a protein essential for mtDNA transcription and replication. It also binds to mtDNA nonspecifically, and plays a role in mtDNA maintenance by packaging mtDNA. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
HIGH MOBILITY GROUP BOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
The High mobility group box (HMGB) transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. The HMGB proteins have a characteristic L-shaped HMGB domain of about 80 amino acid residues, which binds the DNA minor groove and induce DNA bending. The HMGB domains are found in one or more copies and are involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication and chromatin remodeling. (Adapted from FBrf0194706, FBrf0108466, PMID:24086078 and PMID:23153957).
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\TFAM for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q86BR8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
TFAM-RA
FBtr0083948
NM_079691
1055
257
TFAM-RB
FBtr0083949
NM_169906
1242
284
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
TFAM-PA
FBpp0083355
30.0
257
10.65
Q9VDL2
NP_524415
AAN14356
TFAM-PB
FBpp0083356
33.0
284
10.63
Q86BR8
NP_732527
AAF55779
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\TFAM using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

1.11

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
anterior endoderm anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
head mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
anterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
head mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | faint | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal pharyngeal muscle primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | faint | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
somatic muscle primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
dorsal pharyngeal muscle cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic anal pad
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic hindgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic Malpighian tubule
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval muscle system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval somatic muscle cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval visceral muscle cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
gastric caecum
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | faint | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from direct assay
(Takata et al., 2001)
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Tan et al., 2009)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\TFAM in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 15 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of TFAM
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of TFAM
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
lethal | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Scer\GAL4nSyb.PU
lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
lethal - all die during first instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4da.PU
lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4da.PU
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal circadian behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4tim.PE
abnormal circadian behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4tim.PE, Scer\GAL80Pdf.PS
abnormal flight, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage | male, with Scer\GAL4nSyb.PS, TFAMc01716
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage | male, with Scer\GAL4nSyb.PS, TFAMUAS.cCa
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage | male, with Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
abnormal locomotor rhythm | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4tim.PE
abnormal locomotor rhythm | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4tim.PE, Scer\GAL80Pdf.PS
abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4109(2)80
abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
abnormal oxidative stress response, with Scer\GAL4N630
abnormal pain response | adult stage, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
majority die during pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4da.PU
majority die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4nSyb.PS
short lived, with Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
short lived, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
short lived | male limited, with Scer\GAL4N630
some die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4nSyb.PS, TFAMc01716
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4nSyb.PS, TFAMUAS.cCa
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
abdominal dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4109(2)80
axon | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
dendrite | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4109(2)80
mitochondrion | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
motor neuron | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
neuronal cell body | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
presynaptic active zone | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371
trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
wing, with Scer\GAL4nSyb.PS, TFAMc01716
wing, with Scer\GAL4nSyb.PS, TFAMUAS.cCa
wing, with Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (21)
Hsap\TFAM
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\HMGB1
4 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HMGB2
4 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HMGB3
4 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\HMGB4
3 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HMG20A
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\HMGB1P1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TOX
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\UBTF
2 of 14
No
Yes
3  
Hsap\UBTFL1
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\BBX
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\HBP1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HMG20B
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\HMGXB4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SMARCE1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SOX13
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SOX17
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\SRY
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TOX2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TOX3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\UBTFL6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (36)
Rnor\Tfam
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Hmgb2
4 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC108350839
4 of 14
No
No
Rnor\RGD1559962
4 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hmg1l1
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hmgb1
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hmgb2l1
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hmgb3
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hmgb4
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hmg20b
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC108349189
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC108349258
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\RGD1561694
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\RGD1563668
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tox2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tox
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ubtf
2 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Bbx
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hbp1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hmg20a
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hmgb1-ps3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Hmgxb4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC681067
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC688702
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\LOC690521
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\LOC691030
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC103690904
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\RGD1560585
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\RGD1561558
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\RGD1565762
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\RGD1566225
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Smarce1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Sox13
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Sox17
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tox3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tox4
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (18)
Mmus\Tfam
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Hmgb1
4 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hmgb2
4 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hmgb3
4 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hmgb4
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hmg20b
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tox2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tox
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ubtfl1
2 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Ubtf
2 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Bbx
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hbp1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hmg20a
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hmgxb4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Smarce1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Sox17
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tox3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tox4
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (13)
Xtro\tfam
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\hmgb1
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\hmgb2
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\hmgb3
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\bbx
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\elmod2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\hbp1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\hmg20a
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\hmgxb4
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\sox13
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\sox17b.1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\sox17b.2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tox2
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (22)
Drer\tfam
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\hmgb1b
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\hmgb2a
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\hmgb3a
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\hmgb3b
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\hmgb1a
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\hmgb2b
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\hmg20b
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\ubtf
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\ubtfl
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\bbx
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\hbp1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\hmg20a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\hmgxb4a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC103910042
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC110438871
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\smarce1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\sox13
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tox2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tox3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tox4a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tox
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (8)
Cele\hmg-5
8 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\hmg-1.2
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\egl-13
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\hmg-1.1
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\B0238.11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\hmg-6
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\hmg-20
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\sox-2
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (14)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008499
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000005
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004789
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004791
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012334
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012335
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000066
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000281
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005183
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008897
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009957
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010923
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011323
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012033
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (14)
Atha\3xHMG-box1
3 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\3xHMG-box2
3 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\HMGB2
3 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\HMGB3
3 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT1G04880
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G13350
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G23405
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\HMGB1
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\HMGB4
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\HMGB5
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\HMGB6
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G55650
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G76110
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G34450
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (6)
Scer\ABF2
3 of 13
Yes
No
Scer\IXR1
3 of 13
Yes
No
Scer\NHP6B
3 of 13
Yes
No
Scer\HMO1
2 of 13
No
No
Scer\NHP10
2 of 13
No
No
Scer\NHP6A
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (4)
Spom\cmb1
2 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\nhp6
2 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\SPBC28F2.11
2 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\nht1
1 of 12
No
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:TFAM. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (13)
Dsp1
3 of 13
HmgD
3 of 13
Hmg-2
2 of 13
HmgZ
2 of 13
tHMG1
2 of 13
tHMG2
2 of 13
CG12104
1 of 13
CG32202
1 of 13
jigr1
1 of 13
polybromo
1 of 13
Sox15
1 of 13
Sox102F
1 of 13
SoxN
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    TFAM; transcription factor A, mitochondrial
    11 of 14
    600438
     
    HMGB1; high mobility group box 1
    4 of 14
    163905
        HMGB2; high mobility group box 2
        4 of 14
        163906
            HMGB3; high mobility group box 3
            4 of 14
            300193
             
            HMGB4; high mobility group box 4
            3 of 14
            617285
                Functional Complementation Data
                Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                Interactions
                Summary of Physical Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                Show/hide secondary interactors 
                (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
                Select Layout:
                Legend:
                Protein
                RNA
                Selected Interactor(s)
                Other Interaction Browsers
                View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                protein-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                TFAM - Afg3l2
                cosedimentation, western blot
                (Pareek and Pallanck, 2020)
                TFAM - CG3548
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - CG8142
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - Gnf1
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - Irbp
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - Ku80
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - Parp1
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - RPA1
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - RPA2
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - RPA3
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - RfC3
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - RfC4
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - TfAP-2
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - Ubx
                bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
                (Bischof et al., 2018)
                TFAM - bocks
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - indra
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                TFAM - mRpL32
                cosedimentation, western blot
                (Pareek and Pallanck, 2020)
                TFAM - mRpS22
                cosedimentation, western blot
                (Pareek and Pallanck, 2020)
                TFAM - psq
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Summary of Genetic Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show/hide secondary interactors 
                (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
                esyN Network Key:
                Suppression
                Enhancement
                Other Interaction Browsers
                View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                TFAM
                suppressible
                crc
                (Hunt et al., 2019)
                TFAM
                suppressible
                L2HGDH
                (Hunt et al., 2019)
                TFAM
                enhanceable
                L2HGDH
                (Hunt et al., 2019)
                TFAM
                enhanceable
                PPP1R15
                (Tsuyama et al., 2017)
                TFAM
                suppressible
                PPP1R15
                (Tsuyama et al., 2017)
                TFAM
                suppressible
                sima
                (Cagin et al., 2015)
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                External Data
                Linkouts
                BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                Pathways
                Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                Metabolic Pathways
                External Data
                Linkouts
                Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                Chromosome (arm)
                3R
                Recombination map
                3-69
                Cytogenetic map
                92F2-92F2
                Sequence location
                FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Evidence for location
                92F2-92F2
                Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)1058510585 and P{EP}SyndEP409
                Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Notes
                References
                92E11-92E11
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Takata et al., 2001)
                Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                Location

                3-69

                (FlyBase, 2016)

                3-72.8

                (Comeron et al., 2012)
                Left of (cM)
                Right of (cM)
                Notes
                Stocks and Reagents
                Stocks (11)
                Genomic Clones (17)
                 

                Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

                cDNA Clones (78)
                 

                Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                  Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                  For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                  cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                  BDGP DGC clones
                  Other clones
                  RNAi and Array Information
                  Linkouts
                  DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                  Antibody Information
                  Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                   

                  polyclonal

                  (Liu et al., 2022)
                  Commercially Available Antibodies
                   
                  Cell Line Information
                  Publicly Available Cell Lines
                   
                    Other Stable Cell Lines
                     
                      Other Comments

                      Excess TFAM has a negative effect on lifespan. However, it does not affect mtDNA copy number or the transcriptional level of mtDNA.

                      (Matsuda et al., 2013)

                      TFAM plays a defensive role against oxidative stress.

                      (Matsuda et al., 2013)

                      TFAM is a transcription factor involved in the transcription, replication and maintenance of mitochondrial DNA.

                      (Fernandez-Moreno et al., 2005)
                      Relationship to Other Genes
                      Source for database merge of
                      Additional comments

                      Source for identity of TFAM CG4217 was sequence comparison ( date:010106 ).

                      (FlyBase, 1996-)
                      Nomenclature History
                      Source for database identify of

                      Source for identity of: TFAM CG4217

                      (FlyBase, 1996-)
                      Nomenclature comments
                      Etymology
                      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (16)
                      Reported As
                      Symbol Synonym
                      CG4217
                      (Ibaraki et al., 2021, Kolkhof et al., 2017, Hosono et al., 2015, Rosa-Ferreira et al., 2015, Fukuoh et al., 2014, Owusu-Ansah et al., 2013, Cammarato et al., 2011, Müller et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009.3.31, Quinones-Coello, 2007)
                      D-mtTFA
                      (Takata et al., 2001)
                      DmtTFA
                      (Tue et al., 2017)
                      MTTFA
                      (Kim et al., 2010)
                      TFAM
                      (Barbaste et al., 2023, Sriskanthadevan-Pirahas et al., 2023, Bateman, 2022, Liu et al., 2022, Molano-Fernández et al., 2022, Repton et al., 2022, Zhang et al., 2022, Ibaraki et al., 2021, Manola et al., 2021, Wang et al., 2021, Bjedov and Rallis, 2020, Carnesecchi et al., 2020, Vásquez-Procopio et al., 2020, Wang et al., 2020, Chai et al., 2019, Gumeni et al., 2019, Hunt et al., 2019, Picchioni et al., 2019, Aw et al., 2018, Bischof et al., 2018, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Tsuyama et al., 2017, Jana et al., 2016, Mendez et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2016, Bratic et al., 2015, Cagin et al., 2015, Mensah et al., 2015, Schertel et al., 2015, Zhang et al., 2015, Thomas et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Banerjee et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Matsuda et al., 2013, Berger et al., 2012, Bruni et al., 2012, Chen et al., 2012, Doroszuk et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Boyd et al., 2011, Barnes et al., 2010, Matsushima et al., 2010, Müller et al., 2010, Müller et al., 2010, Tan et al., 2009, Craigen and Graham, 2008, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Sessa and Bianchi, 2007)
                      Tfam
                      (Makhnovskii et al., 2020, Pareek and Pallanck, 2020, Sênos Demarco et al., 2019, Icreverzi et al., 2015, Tufi et al., 2014, Fernández-Ayala et al., 2010, Brown et al., 2009, Martínez-Azorín et al., 2008, Fernandez-Moreno et al., 2005)
                      d-TFAM
                      (Matsushima et al., 2004, Yasuo, 2000.6.28)
                      d-mttfa
                      (Takata, 2000.3.27)
                      d-tfam
                      (Goto et al., 2001)
                      mtTFA
                      (Fox and Andrew, 2015, de Castro et al., 2013, Martínez-Azorín et al., 2013, Morozov and Ioshikhes, 2013, Martínez-Azorín et al., 2008)
                      mttfa
                      (Takata, 2000.3.27)
                      tfam
                      (Gupta et al., 2022, Chen et al., 2019, Mendez et al., 2016, Brown et al., 2009)
                      Name Synonyms
                      Mitochondiral transcription fctor a
                      (Kim et al., 2010)
                      Mitochondrial transcription factor A
                      (Matsuda et al., 2013)
                      mitochondrial transcription factor
                      (Doroszuk et al., 2012)
                      mitochondrial transcription factor A
                      (Sen and Cox, 2016, Mensah et al., 2015, Boyd et al., 2011, Cammarato et al., 2011, Brown et al., 2009, Craigen and Graham, 2008, Martínez-Azorín et al., 2008, Takata, 2000.3.27, Yasuo, 2000.6.28)
                      Secondary FlyBase IDs
                        Datasets (0)
                        Study focus (0)
                        Experimental Role
                        Project
                        Project Type
                        Title
                        Study result (0)
                        Result
                        Result Type
                        Title
                        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 43 )
                        Sequence Crossreferences
                        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                        Other crossreferences
                        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                        Linkouts
                        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                        FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                        References (124)