FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\SdhB
Open Close
General Information
Symbol
Dmel\SdhB
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Succinate dehydrogenase, subunit B (iron-sulfur)
Annotation Symbol
CG3283
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0014028
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Enzyme Name (EC)
succinate dehydrogenase (1.3.5.1)
Gene Summary
Succinate dehydrogenase, subunit B (iron-sulfur) (SdhB) encodes the iron-sulfur cluster-containing subunit of the succinate dehydrogenase complex, which oxidizes succinate to fumarate and passes the electrons to quinones. The redox-active cofactors in this subunit are part of the electron transfer machinery in the complex. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

Succinate dehydrogenase B, succinate dehydrogenase, SDH

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-55
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:6807626..6809172
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (14 terms)
Molecular Function (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (7 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q007T0
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR006058
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q007T0
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q007T0
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR025192
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004489
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P21801
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q007T0
Biological Process (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000229864
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000229864
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004489
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q007T0
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000229867
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase iron-sulfur protein family. (P21914)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
succinate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
a quinone + succinate = a quinol + fumarate (1.3.5.1)
RHEA 40523:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Succinate dehydrogenase, subunit B (iron-sulfur) (SdhB) encodes the iron-sulfur cluster-containing subunit of the succinate dehydrogenase complex, which oxidizes succinate to fumarate and passes the electrons to quinones. The redox-active cofactors in this subunit are part of the electron transfer machinery in the complex. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX II (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE) - CATALYTIC SUBUNITS -
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH, OXPHOS Complex II) connects the essential metabolic OXPHOS and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) pathways in eukaryotic cells by catalyzing the oxidation of succinic acid to fumaric acid in the TCA cycle, which is coupled to the reduction of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to produce FADH2 and transfer electrons to ubiquinone in the electron transport chain. SDH is composed of only four subunits: two hydrophilic proteins (SDHA and SDHB) and two transmembrane proteins (SDHC and SDHD), together with the prosthetic groups devoted to electron transfer. SDHA and SDHB are covalently bound by FAD and three Fe-S clusters to form a catalytic heterodimer. In addition, the C-terminal domain of SDHB links the SDHA-SDHB subunit to the SDHC-SDHD subunit. (Adapted from PMID:37490987.)
MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX II (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE) -
Mitochondrial complex II/Succinate Dehydrogenase is a heterotetrameric protein complex anchored to the inner mitochondrial membrane via two integral membrane subunits. It functions both in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the electron transport chain (ETC) by catalysing the oxidation of succinate to fumarate and then, via electron transfer, reducing ubiquinone to ubiquinol. (Adapted from PMID:24954416.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Iron-sulfur protein (IP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
(UniProt, P21914)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\SdhB for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P21914)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0086156
1219
297
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

1.3 (northern blot)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0085489
33.7
297
8.79
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of complex II composed of four subunits: a flavoprotein (FP), an iron-sulfur protein (IP), and a cytochrome b composed of a large and a small subunit.

(UniProt, P21914)
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\SdhB using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.89

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

SdhB transcripts are detected in RNA from larvae and adults on northern blots. In adults they are most abundant in the thorax and are barely detectable in the abdomen.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\SdhB in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of SdhB
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of SdhB
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (1)
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (3)
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
8 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (3)
9 of 11
Yes
Yes
4 of 11
No
Yes
1 of 11
No
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:SdhB. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
10 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 3 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
Show/hide secondary interactors 
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
Select Layout:
Legend:
Protein
RNA
Selected Interactor(s)
Other Interaction Browsers

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
RNA-protein
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
protein-protein
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Other Interaction Browsers
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
Component of complex II composed of four subunits: a flavoprotein (FP), an iron-sulfur protein (IP), and a cytochrome b composed of a large and a small subunit.
(UniProt, P21914 )
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
External Data
Linkouts
KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2R
Recombination map
2-55
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
42D3-42D4
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}geminink14019&P{PZ}Adf101349 and P{lacW}ublk03203&P{PZ}CG328709967
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
42D1-42D5
(determined by in situ hybridisation)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (6)
Genomic Clones (19)
cDNA Clones (149)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        SdhB is critical in preventing electron leakage from complex II, so that mutant animals suffer from increased oxidative stress and, as a result, are highly sensitive to oxygen and die rapidly.

        Irp binds to an iron response element (IRE) in the 5' untranslated region of the mRNA encoding the iron-sulphur (Ip) protein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SdhB). This interaction is developmentally regulated during embryogenesis.

        Functionality of SdhB is demonstrated by showing translational regulation in vivo in response to iron treatment.

        SdhB mRNA has a iron-responsive element (IRE) in the 5' untranslated region at 71 nucleotides. The SdhB IRE mediates translational inhibition in both insect and vertebrate cells.

        Isolated from a genomic library, using a human Ip (iron-sulphur protein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase) cDNA as a probe, under low stringency conditions.

        SdhB has been cloned and characterised.

        The partial cDNA reported previously for SdhB (FBrf0050820) does not correspond to SdhB and probably arose from a mix-up or contamination.

        A partial cDNA believed to correspond to SdhB has been cloned by PCR and sequenced. It has subsequently been shown (Gould et al., 1993, Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. USA. 90, 2556) that the sequence of this clone does not correspond to SdhB and probably arose from a mix-up or contamination.

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of
        Additional comments
        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of
        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (25)
        Reported As
        Name Synonyms
        COMPLEX II: iron-sulfur subunit
        Succinate dehydrogenase
        Succinate dehydrogenase Iron Protein
        Succinate dehydrogenase Iron-sulfur
        Succinate dehydrogenase Iron-sulfur protein
        Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein
        Succinate dehydrogenase, subunit B (iron-sulfur)
        iron-sulfur protein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase
        succinate dehydrogenase
        succinate dehydrogenase B
        succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit B
        succinate dehydrogenase subunit b
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 55 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
          Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
          References (95)