Homozygotes progress through embryogenesis and early larval stages, but 75% fail to successfully transition from late larval stages to pupation and eclosion.

Adult homozygotes have a reduced lifespan compared to controls.

Mitochondria isolated from mutant flies have respiratory defects.

Homozygous males are completely sterile. The seminal vesicles are small and devoid of sperm, whereas the testes are enlarged approximately 25% compared to wild-type controls.

Homozygous females have severely reduced fertility and fecundity.

Homozygous flies are bang-sensitive, showing a 6-7 fold increase in recovery time compared to wild-type controls.

Homozygous adults show a defect in locomotor ability compared to controls.

The electroretinogram of homozygous 3 week old flies is abnormal; there is a reduction of the on- and off-transients and of the maintained potential associated with photoreceptor depolarization. 2-3 day old homozygous flies have normal electroretinograms.

There is no significant difference in mean excitatory junctional potential (EJP) amplitude at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in homozygous and wild-type larvae at 1mM extracellular Ca[2+]. However, in the presence of low extracellular Ca[2+] (0.25mM), a significant increase in EJP is seen at the mutant NMJ compared to controls. Under these conditions, the mutant NMJs fail to evoke EJPs at a lower frequency than control NMJs. There is no significant difference in spontaneous mEJP amplitude, frequency or distribution between mutant and wild-type NMJs.