The entire park gene has been deleted.
short lived (with parkΔ21)
Nebenkern (with Df(3L)Pc-MK)
Body wall muscles in parkΔ21/park13 transheterozygous third instar larvae frequently show nuclei clustering together or in contact with each other, instead of the typically even spaced in controls, and show larger and more globular mitochondria. Nuclei clustering is not observed in the park13 heterozygous background.
At one and four weeks after eclosure, heart tubes of park13 mutant flies exhibit reduced fractional shortening compared to controls. Ultrastructural examination of park13 heart tubes reveals abnormally enlarged cardiomyocyte mitochondria, many of which have disorganised cristae or a characteristic hollow donut morphology. Loss of cardiomyocyte mitochondrial nucleoids is also seen, as well as an increased number of depolarized cardiomyocyte mitochondria and greater numbers of mitochondrion producing reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Cardiomyocyte mitochondria from park13 animals are enlarged, and heart tubes exhibit impaired respiration with chamber dilation and contractile impairment.
park13/Df(3L)Pc-MK animals eclose a day later than wild-type and have an average lifespan of 27 days (as opposed to 39 days for wild-type). park13/Df(3L)Pc-MK males are sterile. Spermatogenesis appears to proceed normally in mutants until the individualisation stage, at which point a 64-cell germ-line cyst that normally separates into mature sperm cells fails to do so, resulting in an absence of mature sperm in the seminal vesicle. The axonemes in mutant males appear normal, but Nebenkern integrity is severely disrupted; some spermatids have multiple Nebenkern, whereas others have only an extremely diminished component. park13/Df(3L)Pc-MK animals exhibit impaired flight and climbing ability compared to controls. park13/Df(3L)Pc-MK animals do not exhibit a general neuronal degeneration, and no age-related increase in neurodegeneration is evident. In the dorsomedial cluster, the number of neurons appear normal though shrinkage of the cell body is seen.
park13 has decreased rate of adult locomotory behavior | dominant | progressive phenotype, suppressible | partially by spoonKG02745
parkΔ21/park13 has short lived phenotype, suppressible | partially by Hsap\ARIH1UAS.cFa/Scer\GAL4da.G32
park13/park13 is an enhancer of lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive phenotype of ari-1D
park13/park13 is an enhancer of lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive phenotype of ari-1T-GT15
parkΔ21/park13 has mitochondrion | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARIH1UAS.cFa/Scer\GAL4da.G32
ari-1A/+,park[13]/+ body wall muscles do not display obvious mitochondrial morphology defects.
Df(3L)Pc-MK/park13 is rescued by Scer\GAL4how-24B/parkUAS.cGa
Df(3L)Pc-MK/park13 is rescued by Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR/parkUAS.cGa