Expression of salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS results in tracheal visceral branch cells being transformed into dorsal trunk identity. The tip cells of the transformed branches adopt fusion cell fate. The overall number of terminal cells is dramatically reduced.

Ectopic expression of salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR and Scer\GAL80 induces the transformation of the tubular fibre-type leg muscles into fibrillar indirect flight muscle-like muscles. As a consequence, these transformed leg muscles do not function properly and flies die as pharate adults.

Ectopic expression of salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4¹¹⁵¹ and Scer\GAL80 induces the transformation of the tubular fibre-type leg muscles into fibrillar indirect flight muscle-like muscles. As a consequence, these transformed leg muscles do not function properly and flies die as pharate adults.

Ectopic expression of salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR and Scer\GAL80 induces the transformation of the tubular fibre-type abdominal muscles into fibrillar indirect flight muscle-like muscles.

Expression of salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1 generally results in early pupal lethality. If a weak driver insertion or lower temperature is used, more pharate adults can be recovered. These pharate adults have a large ectopic notum, which often contain macrochaetae. Severe defects in the legs and wings are seen, as well as head and notum defects.

Third instar leg discs expressing salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1 and then transplanted into wild-type host larvae of approximately the same age show transformations. 15/16 transplanted second leg discs give rise to mesothoracic notum structures. The legs are strongly truncated (distal structures like claws are completely missing and other leg segments are crippled and difficult to recognise). The sternopleura can be identified in several cases, and occasionally some wing hinge tissue can be seen. 5/16 transplanted second leg discs show transdetermination to proximal wing structures and 4/16 show transdetermination to structures of the third antennal segment. Only 2/14 transplanted first leg discs form ectopic notum structures. The legs are crippled and truncated. No differentiated claws are found and only a few occasional sex comb teeth can be seen. 3/3 transplanted third leg discs result in truncated and malformed leg structures (no notum tissue is seen).

Mesothoracic leg discs expressing salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1 show extra growth in dorsal cells. Wing discs expressing salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1 show outgrowths within the central domain (the region that would normally develop into the wing blade).

Only a few larvae expressing salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^bi-omb-Gal4 develop into pharate adults. These animals either have strongly reduced wings or no wings, and instead a supernumerary notum has formed.

Expression of salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS in the tracheal system results in autocellular adherens junction (AJ) formation being completely blocked, and all branches are transformed into tubes with cells organised in a paired arrangement and connected via intercellular AJs. Either the cells are not capable of reaching around the lumen or the initial autocellular AJ contacts are not stabilised and zipped up. Single cells expressing salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.B123 in either the dorsal or ventral branches of the tracheal system still form extended autocellular adherens junctions (AJs) (as occurs in wild type). Groups of cells in the dorsal or ganglionic branch expressing salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.B123 are generally inhibited in their capacity to form autocellular AJs and form cell aggregates with intercellular AJs. However, single cells at the periphery of such groups often form autocellular AJs.

When salm^Scer\UAS.cKa is driven by Scer\GAL4^btl.PS the cells of the lateral trunk of the tracheal system adopt a more dorsal identity.

When salm^Scer\UAS.cKa is driven by Scer\GAL4^btl.PS no increase in dorsal trunk cell migration is seen.

Expression of salm^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E results in a high frequency of lateral chordotonal organ arrays containing 3-4 chordotonal organs at 25^oC, while at 29^oC 3 chordotonal organs per array are mostly seen. A moderate reduction in oenocyte number is also seen.

When expression is driven by Scer\GAL4^btl.PS there is no effect on the primary outgrowth of tracheal dorsal branch progenitor cells. Subsequently these cells fail to grow out to the dorsal midline and lack the typical U-turn structure of wild-type dorsal branches. Dorsal anastomosis formation is blocked.

When expression is driven by Scer\GAL4^Kr.PM, the number of tracheal primordial cells and the corresponding differentiated tracheal system is reduced. There are no associated defects in the epidermis or peripheral nervous system. When expression is driven by Scer\GAL4^salm.TSE, in an otherwise salm mutant background, the dorsal truck branches fuse at high frequency, leading to dorsal trunk fragments which span several tracheal metameric units, constituting a partial rescue of the salm mutant phenotype.

salm^UAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4^btl.PS is a suppressor | partially of embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk phenotype of Axn^UAS.GFP, Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

salm^UAS.cKa/Scer\GAL4¹¹⁵¹ is a suppressor of dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscle cell phenotype of vg^null

Scer\GAL4^en-e16E/salm^UAS.cKa is a suppressor of abdominal lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 | increased number phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, spi^s.UAS

salm^UAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4^btl.PS is a non-suppressor of tracheal fusion cell phenotype of Axn^UAS.GFP, Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

Scer\GAL4^en-e16E/salm^UAS.cKa is a non-suppressor of embryonic/larval oenocyte | increased number phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, spi^s.UAS