FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\Arr2[3]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Arr2³

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0042402

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\Arr2

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

loss of function allele

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Ranganathan and Stevens, 1995)

loss of function allele

(Meyer et al., 2006)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Dolph et al., 1993)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Nucleotide substitution: T362A. Amino acid replacement: V52D.

(Dolph et al., 1993)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

3L:8,648,671..8,648,671 [-]

Nucleotide change:

T8648671A

Reported nucleotide change:

T362A

Amino acid change:

V52D | Arr2-PA

Reported amino acid change:

V52D

(Dolph et al., 1993)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal neurophysiology

(Acharya et al., 2003, Vinos et al., 1997, Wu et al., 1995, Dolph et al., 1993)

Phenotype Manifest In

eye

(Belusic et al., 2010)

eye photoreceptor cell

(Acharya et al., 2008)

photoreceptor neuron

(Scott et al., 1997)

retina

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

rhabdomere

(Acharya et al., 2003)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

The visual pigment content of Arr2³ flies is about 75% of wild-type.

(Belusic et al., 2010)

Mutants show photoreceptor degeneration.

(Acharya et al., 2008)

Partial impairment of trpl^{ninaE.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} translocation is observed in Arr2³ mutant photoreceptors.

(Meyer et al., 2006)

Mutant rhabdomeres degenerate. This phenotype is enhanced if the flies are fed sphingosine. Electroretinograms of 7 day old mutant flies exposed to light have a very small amplitude and slow inactivation kinetics.

(Acharya et al., 2003)

Electroantennogram amplitudes in response to butanol or ethyl acetate are wild-type in Arr2³ mutant flies.

(Merrill et al., 2002)

Arr2³ heterozygotes undergo retinal degeneration in room light in 8-10 days.

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

Photoreceptors show continuous quantum bump activity even in the absence of light stimulation.

(Scott et al., 1997)

Mutants exhibit a prolonged afterpotential (PDA) defect.

(Vinos et al., 1997)

Mutant photoreceptors readily enter a prolonged depolarised afterpotential (PDA) upon blue light stimulation. Double mutants with CdsA¹ are unable to enter or maintain a PDA, even after successive or prolonged blue light stimulation.

(Wu et al., 1995)

Whole cell voltage clamp recording of the light activated response of mutant photoreceptor cells show a large decrease in the rate of deactivation (defined as the recovery of the photoresponse after termination of the stimulus). Mutant photoreceptors undergo a prolonged depolarising afterpotential (DPA) with 10 times less photoconversion of rhodopsin to metarhodopsin than observed in wild type. Photoreceptors exhibit dramatic cellular degeneration 5 days after exposure to a 12 hour light-12 hour dark growth cycle. A mutation of norpA protects homozygous flies from light-activated retinal degradation.

(Dolph et al., 1993)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

Arr2³ has abnormal neurophysiology phenotype, suppressible by CDase^UAS.cAa/Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Acharya et al., 2003)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

Arr2³ is a suppressor of increased cell death phenotype of Arr1¹

(Satoh and Ready, 2005)

Other

Statement

Reference

Arr1², Arr2³ has abnormal smell perception phenotype

(Merrill et al., 2002)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

Arr2³ has eye photoreceptor cell phenotype, enhanceable by Arr1¹

(Meyer et al., 2006)

Arr2³ has phenotype, enhanceable by Arr1¹

(Dolph et al., 1993)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

Arr2³ has eye photoreceptor cell phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^unspecified/CDase^UAS.cAa

(Acharya et al., 2008)

Arr2³ has rhabdomere phenotype, suppressible by CDase^UAS.cAa/Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Acharya et al., 2003)

Arr2³ has rhabdomere phenotype, suppressible by lace[+]/lace^k05305

(Acharya et al., 2003)

Arr2³ has ommatidium phenotype, suppressible by Gαq¹

(Kiselev et al., 2000)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

Arr2³ is a suppressor of eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone | cell autonomous | adult stage | conditional phenotype of Fatp1^k10307

(Dourlen et al., 2012)

Arr2³ is a suppressor of eye photoreceptor cell phenotype of Arr1¹

(Satoh and Ready, 2005)

Arr2³ is a suppressor of rhabdomere phenotype of Arr1¹

(Satoh and Ready, 2005)

Arr2³ is a suppressor of ommatidium phenotype of Gαq¹, rdgC³⁰⁶

(Kiselev et al., 2000)

Other

Statement

Reference

Arr1¹, Arr2³ has eye photoreceptor cell phenotype

(Meyer et al., 2006)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

The photoreceptor degeneration phenotype seen in Fatp^k10307 clones in the retina is suppressed if the retinas are also mutant for Arr2³.

(Dourlen et al., 2012)

The photoreceptor degeneration seen in Arr2³ mutants is suppressed by expression of CDase^Scer\UAS.cAa under the control of Scer\GAL4^unspecified in the fat body.

(Acharya et al., 2008)

trpl^{ninaE.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} translocation is severely inhibited in Arr1¹; Arr2³ double mutant photoreceptors. trpl^{ninaE.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} is observed in the rhabdomeres of bouth light- and dark-raised flies.

(Meyer et al., 2006)

Unlike Arr1¹ single mutants, Arr1¹;Arr2³ flies show no photoreceptor degeneration.

(Satoh and Ready, 2005)

Expression of CDase^Scer\UAS.cAa under the control of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF suppresses rhabdomere degeneration in Arr2³ flies and results in ommatidia that are similar to those of wild-type flies. Arr2³ flies expressing CDase^Scer\UAS.cAa under the control of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF have an electroretinogram with a large amplitude response, but the slow inactivation kinetics seen in Arr2³ flies are not rescued. One copy of lace^k05305 partially suppresses the degeneration of rhabdomeres seen in Arr2³ flies; the rhabdomeres are mostly intact in the rescued flies, but some cellular degeneration (characterised by vacuoles and dark multivesicular bodies) is still seen.

(Acharya et al., 2003)

Electroantennogram amplitudes in response to butanol or ethyl acetate are significantly reduced compared in Arr2³; Arr1² double mutants compared to a control strain or two single mutants for either of these genes.

(Merrill et al., 2002)

Gα49B¹, Arr2³ animals raised in normal light show normal ommatidial structure. The addition of Arr2³ to rdgC³⁰⁶, Gα49B¹ flies partially suppresses the Deep Pseudopupil seen in these flies.

(Kiselev et al., 2000)

Arr1¹; Arr2³ double mutants exhibit a more severe decrease in rate of deactivation. Double mutants with ninaA⁸ and ninaA^delT,F can trigger and support strong PDAs.

(Dolph et al., 1993)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

Arr2¹⁰

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

Arr2¹¹

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

Arr2⁴

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

Arr2⁵

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

Arr2⁶

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

Arr2⁷

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

Arr2⁸

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

Arr2⁹

(Alloway and Dolph, 1999)

Rescued by

Arr2³ is rescued by Arr2^+tDa

(Dolph et al., 1993)

Comments

Homozygote mutant phenotype can be fully rescued by P{Arr2⁺} restoring wild type visual physiology. Flies carrying a copy of P{Arr2⁺} have morphologically normal photoreceptor cells.

(Dolph et al., 1993)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

42255

w^*; Arr2³

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)