FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Allele: Dmel\gnu305
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\gnu305
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
FlyBase ID
FBal0005121
Feature type
allele
Associated gene
Associated Insertion(s)
Carried in Construct
Also Known As
gnu
Key Links
Genomic Maps

Allele class
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Progenitor genotype
Cytology
Description

Nucleotide substitution: C709T.

Amino acid replacement: R147term.

Mutations Mapped to the Genome
Curation Data
Type
Location
Additional Notes
References
Nucleotide change:

C14802763T

Reported nucleotide change:

C709T

Amino acid change:

R147term | gnu-PA

Reported amino acid change:

R147term

Variant Molecular Consequences
Associated Sequence Data
DNA sequence
Protein sequence
 
Expression Data
Reporter Expression
Additional Information
Statement
Reference
 
Marker for
Reflects expression of
Reporter construct used in assay
Human Disease Associations
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Disease
Interaction
References
Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
 
Disease-implicated variant(s)
 
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Detailed Description
Statement
Reference

gnu305 mutant females lay embryos that have few giant nuclei (due to inability to undergo mitosis); females carrying the gnuT:Avic\GFP rescue construct lay embryos that do not display any defects in embryonic mitoses, embryos from gnu305 mothers carrying the gnu9A.T:Avic\GFP construct show only partial rescue - the embryos undergo mitosis but most show defects in early cycles or in blastoderm stage.

The progression through meiosis upon egg activation is delayed (condensed phase of metaphase I persists longer than in wild-type and the metaphase I/anaphase I transition is delayed) in gnu305;gnu9A.T:Avic\GFP oocytes, the morphology of chromosomes at metaphase I is frequently aberrant and defects in meiotic chromosome segregation are also observed.

Nuclear division fails in the earliest stages of development of gnu305 mutant embryos, producing embryos with a few giant nuclei.

Cleavage stage embryos from gnuZ3-3770A/gnu305 or gnuZ3-0591/gnu305 mothers, have giant polyploid nuclei.

Mutant eggs and embryos contain a small number of giant nuclei. Females doubly mutant for gnu305 and fs(1)Ya6 or fs(1)Ya2 are indistinguishable from the fs(1)Ya embryos in terms of nuclear morphology. Females doubly mutant for gnu305 and fs(1)Ya5 or fs(1)Ya14-77 (leaky fs(1)Ya mutations) exhibit gnu-like or fs(1)Ya-like nuclear morphology.

Homozygous females lay eggs in which the meiotic products and the pronucleus undergo extensive DNA replication resulting in a 'giant nuclei' phenotype. dhdJ5 does not suppress the premature initiation of DNA synthesis in double mutants.

Eggs derived from homozygous mothers have giant nuclei, which have partial conjugation of the chromatids in the majority of cases, and arrangement of chromatin in a longitudinal order.

Mothers homozygous for png2 and heterozygous for gnu305 produce embryos with less than 6 giant polyploid nuclei.

The meiotic products in unfertilised eggs laid by homozygous females undergo DNA synthesis and the eggs develop giant nuclei. These eggs are cytologically indistinguishable from eggs laid by homozygous females allowed to mate with males. Centrosomes that can nucleate microtubules into asters are seen in unfertilised eggs laid by homozygous females. Eggs from homozygous females can be inseminated, and when they are the sperm nucleus undergoes DNA synthesis, participating in the formation of giant nuclei.

Embryos derived from gnu305 mutant females show uncoupling of nuclear division from other cytoplasmic events of mitosis during early cleavage; DNA replicates, centrosomes divide and migrate to the cortex but no nuclear division occurs, and 2-4 giant nuclei are formed. Larval mitoses appear normal.

maternal-effect lethal. Embryos produced by homozygous or hemizygous females exhibit normal levels of DNA synthesis, but do not display normal nuclear division; a small number of giant nuclei formed. Cytoplasmic elements such as centrosomes, microtubules and actin appear to attempt to follow the normal developmental program, demonstrating that control of nuclear and cytoplasmic components of syncytial nuclear divisions can be uncoupled.

External Data
Interactions
Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Suppressed by
Statement
Reference

gnu305 has phenotype, suppressible by CycB+t10

NOT suppressed by
Statement
Reference

gnu305 has polar body nucleus phenotype, non-suppressible by CycB+t10

Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement
Reference

65% of embryos derived from gnu305 females carrying 4 copies of CycB+t10 are multinucleated, compared to only 0.8% of those derived from gnu305 single mutant females. The polar body defects are not corrected.

In 89% of eggs derived from Hira185b ; gnu305 double homozygous females, the male pronucleus displays a typical Hira mutant phenotype, appearing very small in size and containing condensed chromosomes, whereas the female pronucleus and polar bodies are usually larger than control nuclei in these eggs. In the rest of the mutant eggs, there is limited and heterogeneous decondensation of the paternal chromatin.

Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement
Reference
Complementation and Rescue Data
Rescued by
Partially rescued by

gnu305 is partially rescued by gnuST>A.EGFP

Not rescued by
Comments

Failure of nuclear division in cleavage stage gnu305 mutant embryos is partially rescued by gnuST>A.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP (degree of rescue is dependent on the insertion used: P{gnuGFP.ST>A}DF4 > P{gnuGFP.ST>A}GM3 >> P{gnuGFP.ST>A}EM1 = P{gnuGFP.ST>A}BM1). Failure of nuclear division in cleavage stage gnu305 mutant embryos is partially rescued by gnubcd3'UTR.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP. In around a third of P{gnuGFP.bcd3'UTR}T1, P{gnuGFP.bcd3'UTR}T2 or P{gnuGFP.bcd3'UTR}S2 cleavage stage embryos embryos, there is a gradient of mitotic activity with its high point at the anterior pole of the embryo. The remaining third have a mixture of mitotic and polyploid nuclei.

Images (0)
Mutant
Wild-type
Stocks (2)
Notes on Origin
Discoverer
External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 1 )
Crossreferences
GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)
References (19)