FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\Bgb
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Bgb
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Big brother
Annotation Symbol
CG7959
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0013753
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
9 publicly available
Gene Summary
Big brother (Bgb) encodes a beta-subunit of the transcription factor complex core binding factor, which is involved in transcription regulation. It regulates hemocyte proliferation and acts redundantly with the product of Bro in embryonic segmentation. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
62A9-62A9
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-0.5
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:1639711..1640952
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (6 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables transcription coactivator activity
inferred from direct assay
(Golling et al., 1996)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:run; FB:FBgn0003300
(Golling et al., 1996)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
contributes_to sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000814636
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables transcription coactivator activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003417
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000814636
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:10472
(Golling et al., 1996)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in regulation of hemocyte proliferation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sinenko et al., 2010)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000814636
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
traceable author statement
(Canon and Banerjee, 2000)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Golling et al., 1996)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of core-binding factor complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000814636
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in nucleus
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003417
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the CBF-beta family. (Q24040)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Big brother (Bgb) encodes a beta-subunit of the transcription factor complex core binding factor, which is involved in transcription regulation. It regulates hemocyte proliferation and acts redundantly with the product of Bro in embryonic segmentation. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
CORE BINDING FACTOR BETA -
The Core Binding Factor-β (CBF-B) are the non-DNA binding partners of the CBF transcription complex. These proteins heterodimerize with Runt transcription factors and increase their affinity for DNA by altering the conformation of the Runt domain. (Adapted from FBrf0138356).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Regulates the DNA-binding properties of Runt.
(UniProt, Q24040)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Bgb for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q24040)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Stop-codon suppression (UAG) postulated; FBrf0216884.

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
gene_with_stop_codon_read_through
(Jungreis et al., 2011)
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Bgb-RA
FBtr0072758
NM_057717
1242
213
Bgb-RB
FBtr0330180
NM_001274342
1242
253
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

0.994 (longest cDNA)

(Golling et al., 1996)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Bgb-PA
FBpp0072641
25.2
213
7.50
Q24040
NP_477065
AAF47533
Bgb-PB
FBpp0303213
29.8
253
6.72
M9PGT9
NP_001261271
AGB93966
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

184 (aa)

(Golling et al., 1996)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Bgb using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.30

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
organism | ubiquitous
(Golling et al., 1996)
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | faint | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 17
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Golling et al., 1996)
embryonic stage 14
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Adya et al., 2000)
Additional Descriptive Data

Bgb transcripts are observed at low, uniform levels in syncytial blastoderm embryos. Transcript levels increase during the blastoderm stage throughout the embryo with the exception of the pole cells where no detectable expression is observed. Levels remain high through germ band extension. During germ band retraction, levels increase specifically in the CNS.

(Golling et al., 1996)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow
• nucleus

Comment: expression begins immediately posterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Kaminker et al., 2001)
photoreceptor cell R8
• nucleus

Comment: initiates within 1 column posterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Kaminker et al., 2001)
photoreceptor cell R1
• nucleus

Comment: initiates about 4 columns posterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Kaminker et al., 2001)
photoreceptor cell R6
• nucleus

Comment: initiates about 4 columns posterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Kaminker et al., 2001)
photoreceptor cell R7
• nucleus

Comment: initiates about 7 columns posterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Kaminker et al., 2001)
cone cell
• nucleus

Comment: initiates about 7 columns posterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Kaminker et al., 2001)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Golling et al., 1996)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Bgb in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Bgb
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Bgb
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)Bgb-K4
(Kaminker et al., 2001)
Df(3L)BSC800
(Christensen et al., 2009.5.6)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
Hsap\CBFB
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
Rnor\Cbfb
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
Mmus\Cbfb
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
Xtro\cbfb
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ndufb1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tlk2
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)
Drer\cbfb
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\bro-1
6 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000317
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Bgb. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
Bro
12 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    BgbD
    exacerbates  acute myeloid leukemia
    modeled by Hsap\RUNX1::Hsap\RUNX1T1UAS.cSa
    (Sinenko et al., 2010)
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    CBFB; core-binding factor subunit beta
    14 of 14
    121360
       
      Functional Complementation Data
      Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
      Interactions
      Summary of Physical Interactions
      Summary of Genetic Interactions
      esyN Network Diagram
      Show/hide secondary interactors 
      (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
      esyN Network Key:
      Suppression
      Enhancement
      Other Interaction Browsers
      View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
      Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      lz
      suppressible
      Bgb
      (Li and Gergen, 1999)
      lz
      enhanceable
      Bgb
      (Kaminker et al., 2001)
      External Data
      Linkouts
      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      Pathways
      Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
      Chromosome (arm)
      3L
      Recombination map
      3-0.5
      Cytogenetic map
      62A9-62A9
      Sequence location
      FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Evidence for location
      62A9-62A9
      Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}rhoEP3704&P{PZ}l(3)0622606226 and P{PZ}dlt04276
      Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Notes
      References
      62A10-62A10
      (Golling, 1995.3.4)
      62A10-62A10
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Fujioka et al., 1996)
      59F4-59F6
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Golling et al., 1995)
      Bro and Bgb are closely linked, being separated by about 8 kb.
      (Gergen, 1995.3.27)
      Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
      Location

      3-0.5

      (FlyBase, 2016)

      3-2.5

      (Comeron et al., 2012)

      3-

      (Golling, 1995.3.4)
      Left of (cM)
      Right of (cM)
      Notes
      Stocks and Reagents
      Stocks (9)
      Genomic Clones (17)
       

      Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

      cDNA Clones (16)
       

      Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

      cDNA clones, fully sequenced
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Cloned in a low stringency hybridisation screen using full length mouse PEBP2β as a probe. In vitro studies reveal Bro stimulates the DNA binding activity of the run domain. run can act as an active repressor in the presence of either partner protein (Bro or Bgb).

          (Fujioka et al., 1996)

          Isolated in a yeast two-hybrid system, by screening for run-interacting proteins.

          (Golling et al., 1996)

          Bgb has been cloned and sequenced, and its expression pattern has been analysed.

          (Golling et al., 1996)

          The Bro family of proteins interacts with run-domain proteins via the run-domain and alters their DNA binding characteristics.

          (Golling et al., 1995)
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of
          Additional comments
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (9)
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 57 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
          SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
          References (66)