FB2024_04 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\Dro
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Dro
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Drosocin
Annotation Symbol
CG10816
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0010388
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
5 publicly available
Gene Summary
Drosocin (Dro) encodes an o-Glycosylated antibacterial peptide with activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. It is expressed in the fat body during the systemic immune response and is expressed in various epithelia. The expression of Dro is regulated at the transcriptional level mostly by the immune deficiency pathway. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

Drc, Dros, Drs, DIM 15, DIM 11

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
51C1-51C1
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-72
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:14745961..14746714
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (9 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (7 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in antibacterial humoral response
inferred from expression pattern
(Lemaitre et al., 1997)
involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
inferred from direct assay
(Levashina et al., 1995, Bulet et al., 1993)
inferred from expression pattern
(Lemaitre et al., 1997)
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
inferred from direct assay
(Levashina et al., 1995)
involved_in defense response to insect
inferred from expression pattern
(Tattikota et al., 2020)
involved_in defense response
inferred from direct assay
(Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
involved_in positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-negative bacteria
inferred from direct assay
(Bulet et al., 1993)
involved_in response to bacterium
inferred from direct assay
(Wagner et al., 2009)
inferred from high throughput expression pattern
(Levy et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in defense response to bacterium
traceable author statement
(Chapman, 2001)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in extracellular region
inferred from direct assay
(Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
inferred from direct assay
(Bulet et al., 1993)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the drosocin family. (P36193)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
    -
    Summaries
    Gene Snapshot
    Drosocin (Dro) encodes an o-Glycosylated antibacterial peptide with activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. It is expressed in the fat body during the systemic immune response and is expressed in various epithelia. The expression of Dro is regulated at the transcriptional level mostly by the immune deficiency pathway. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
    Gene Group (FlyBase)
    UNCLASSIFIED ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES -
    This group comprises antimicrobial peptides that are single gene family members in D. melanogaster. (Adapted from FBrf0241672.)
    Summary (Interactive Fly)

    an o-Glycosylated antibacterial peptide with activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria - expressed in the fat body during the systemic immune response and is expressed in various epithelia. The expression of Dro is regulated at the transcriptional level mostly by the immune deficiency pathway - hemocytes relay an innate immune response to the blood cell reservoir: through Imd signaling and the ak/Stat pathway ligand Upd3, hemocytes act as sentinels of bacterial infection, inducing expression of the antimicrobial peptide Drosocin in respiratory epithelia and colocalizing fat body domains

    Gene Model and Products
    Number of Transcripts
    2
    Number of Unique Polypeptides
    1

    Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Dro for information on other features

    To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

    Protein Domains (via Pfam)
    Isoform displayed:
    Pfam protein domains
    InterPro name
    classification
    start
    end
    Protein Domains (via SMART)
    Isoform displayed:
    SMART protein domains
    InterPro name
    classification
    start
    end
    Structure
    Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P36193)

    If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
    Model Confidence:
    • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
    • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
    • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
    • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

    AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

    Experimentally Determined Structures
    Crossreferences
    PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
    Comments on Gene Model

    Gene model reviewed during 5.40

    Gene model reviewed during 5.50

    Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
    nuclear_gene
    protein_coding_gene
    Transcript Data
    Annotated Transcripts
    Name
    FlyBase ID
    RefSeq ID
    Length (nt)
    Assoc. CDS (aa)
    Dro-RA
    FBtr0087436
    NM_079020
    355
    64
    Dro-RB
    FBtr0309055
    NM_001259395
    754
    64
    Additional Transcript Data and Comments
    Reported size (kB)
    Comments
    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Polypeptide Data
    Annotated Polypeptides
    Name
    FlyBase ID
    Predicted MW (kDa)
    Length (aa)
    Theoretical pI
    UniProt
    RefSeq ID
    GenBank
    Dro-PA
    FBpp0086566
    7.1
    64
    11.81
    P36193
    NP_523744
    AAF58216
    Dro-PB
    FBpp0301076
    7.1
    64
    11.81
    P36193
    NP_001246324
    AFH08078
    Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

    The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

    64 aa isoforms: Dro-PA, Dro-PB
    Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
    Reported size (kDa)
    Comments
    External Data
    Post Translational Modification

    Proteolytically cleaved at a pair of basic residues corresponding to the RXK/RR optimal cleavage site for furin proteases to produce two distinct antibacterial peptides.

    (UniProt, P36193)
    Crossreferences
    PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
    Linkouts
    Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
    Mapped Features

    Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Dro using the Feature Mapper tool.

    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
    Linkouts
    Expression Data
    Testis-specificity index

    The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

    -0.55

    Transcript Expression
    Additional Descriptive Data
    Marker for
     
    Subcellular Localization
    CV Term
    Polypeptide Expression
    Additional Descriptive Data
    Marker for
     
    Subcellular Localization
    CV Term
    Evidence
    References
    located_in extracellular region
    inferred from direct assay
    (Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
    inferred from direct assay
    (Bulet et al., 1993)
    Expression Deduced from Reporters
    High-Throughput Expression Data
    Associated Tools

    JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

    View Dmel\Dro in JBrowse
    RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
    Bulk Downloads
    RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
    Reference
    See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
    Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
    Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
    External Data and Images
    Linkouts
    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
    Images
    FlyBase Wiki
    Image Based Resources
    Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
    Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 5 )
    For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
     
    Other relevant insertions
    Transgenic Constructs ( 10 )
    For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
    Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Dro
    Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Dro
    Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
    Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
    Gene disrupted in
    Df(2R)Dro-AttAB-SK2
    (Hanson et al., 2019)
    Df(2R)Exel6284
    (Ryder, 2004.4.26)
    Inferred from location ( 0 )
    Variants
    Variant Molecular Consequences
    Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
    Phenotypes
    Orthologs
    Downloads
    Download All DIOPT Orthologs
    Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
    Species\Gene Symbol
    Score
    Best Score
    Best Reverse Score
    Source
    Compara
    Domainoid
    eggNOG
    Hieranoid
    Homologene
    Inparanoid
    OMA
    OrthoDB
    OrthoFinder
    OrthoInspector
    orthoMCL
    Panther
    Phylome
    SonicParanoid
    Alignment
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
    Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
    Species\Gene Symbol
    Score
    Best Score
    Best Reverse Score
    Source
    Compara
    Domainoid
    eggNOG
    Hieranoid
    Homologene
    Inparanoid
    OMA
    OrthoDB
    OrthoFinder
    OrthoInspector
    orthoMCL
    Panther
    Phylome
    SonicParanoid
    Alignment
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
    Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
    Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
    Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
    Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
    Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (0)
    Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
    Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
    Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
    Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
    Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
    Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Dro. Refer to their site for version information.
    Paralogs
    Downloads
    Download All DIOPT Paralogs
    Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
    Human Disease Associations
    FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
      Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
      Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
      Allele
      Disease
      Evidence
      References
      DroUAS.cUa
      model of  neurodegenerative disease
      CEA
      (Cao et al., 2013)
      Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
      Human Ortholog
      Disease
      Evidence
      References
      Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
      Allele
      Disease
      Interaction
      References
      DroRNAi.UAS
      ameliorates  neurodegenerative disease
      modeled by Zzzz\CAG127Q.UAS.Tag:HA
      (Dubey and Tapadia, 2018)
      Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
      Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
      Homo sapiens (Human)
      Gene name
      Score
      OMIM
      OMIM Phenotype
      DO term
      Complementation?
      Transgene?
      Functional Complementation Data
      Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
      Interactions
      Summary of Physical Interactions
      esyN Network Diagram
      Other Interaction Browsers
      Summary of Genetic Interactions
      esyN Network Diagram
      Other Interaction Browsers
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      External Data
      Linkouts
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      Pathways
      Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
      Metabolic Pathways
      External Data
      Linkouts
      Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
      Chromosome (arm)
      2R
      Recombination map
      2-72
      Cytogenetic map
      51C1-51C1
      Sequence location
      FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Evidence for location
      51C1-51C1
      Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}ttvk03617&P{EP}ttvEP765 and P{lacW}Rpn6k00103
      Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Notes
      References
      51C1-51C6
      (Meister, 1996.6.11)
      51C1-51C6
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Charlet et al., 1996)
      Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
      Location

      2-72

      (FlyBase, 2016)

      2-76.4

      (Comeron et al., 2012)

      2-

      (Meister, 1996.6.11)
      Left of (cM)
      Right of (cM)
      Notes
      Stocks and Reagents
      Stocks (5)
      Genomic Clones (26)
      cDNA Clones (11)
       

      Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

      cDNA clones, fully sequenced
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            The Dro locus (CG10816) encodes two peptides that are produced from a precursor protein by cleavage at a canonical furin cleavage site: its namesake peptide 'Drosocin', and a 22-residue peptide named 'Buletin' (corresponding to the previously uncharacterized 'Immune-induced Molecule 7', IM7).

            (Hanson et al., 2022)

            Identified as a gene with significant level of mRNA cycling as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated from adult heads harvested over six time points over the course of a day. Shows alteration in expression in a Clk mutant background.

            (McDonald and Rosbash, 2001)

            Identification: Encodes a protein that is induced by immune challenge.

            (Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)

            Ecol\lacZDpt.PR adults are pricked with a sterile needle dipped in culture pellets of various living microorganisms (distinct bacterial strains, fungal spores or hyphae). Pricking results in a low but clearly detectable expression of all antimicrobial genes and these genes are induced above the background level by specific classes of microorganism.

            (Lemaitre et al., 1997)

            Glycopeptides of Dro are isolated and the range of activities of these molecules is studied.

            (Bulet et al., 1996)

            Cloning and characterisation of Dro. 2.5kb of upstream sequence confers inducibility and tissue specificity to a transgene.

            (Charlet et al., 1996)

            Genes encoding antibacterial peptides are regulated in a manner distinct from that of Drs, encoding the antifungal peptide.

            (Lemaitre et al., 1996)

            Transcription is not strongly induced by hymenopteran parasitoids.

            (Nicolas et al., 1996)

            Dro encodes a 19-residue proline-rich inducible antibacterial peptide, which has an O-glycosylation that is necessary for its full biological activity.

            (Bulet et al., 1993)
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of

            Source for merge of: Dro IM15

            (Rabel et al., 2004)

            Source for merge of: Dro BcDNA:RH31634

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Additional comments

            Source for merge of Dro BcDNA:RH31634 was a shared cDNA ( date:030728 ).

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology

            The C-terminal peptide produced by furin cleavage from the 'Dro' precursor protein is named Buletin (Btn) after Philippe Bulet, whose dedicated efforts in the 1980s-1990s characterized many of the Drosophila AMPs including Drosocin.

            (Hanson et al., 2022)
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (29)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            143609_at
            (Kristensen et al., 2005)
            BcDNA:RH31634
            Btn
            (Hanson et al., 2022)
            CG10816
            (Hanson et al., 2022, National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Gendrin et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Hernandez-Romano et al., 2008, Tsai et al., 2008, Valanne et al., 2007, Levy et al., 2004, De Gregorio et al., 2001, Irving et al., 2001)
            DIM 11
            (Levy et al., 2004, Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
            DIM 15
            (Levy et al., 2004, Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
            DIM 9
            (Levy et al., 2004, Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
            DIM-15
            (Rabel et al., 2004)
            DROC
            (Tzou et al., 2000)
            Drc
            (Hsieh and Chiang, 2023, Hanson et al., 2022, Wang et al., 2012, Apidianakis et al., 2005, Tzou et al., 2002, Boulanger et al., 2001, Lemaitre et al., 1997, Charlet et al., 1996, Lemaitre et al., 1996)
            Dro
            (Hersperger et al., 2024, Liang et al., 2024, Nicolson et al., 2024, Vesala et al., 2024, Bossen et al., 2023, Chen et al., 2023, Gupta et al., 2023, Huang et al., 2023, Lee et al., 2023, Mangano et al., 2023, Odnokoz et al., 2023, Touré et al., 2023, Abe et al., 2022, Delventhal et al., 2022, Deshpande et al., 2022, Deshpande et al., 2022, Ding et al., 2022, Eickelberg et al., 2022, Hanson et al., 2022, Liu et al., 2022, Shit et al., 2022, Takeuchi et al., 2022, Vaibhvi et al., 2022, Wu and Yan, 2022, Wu et al., 2022, Yoo et al., 2022, Yamashita et al., 2021, Zhou et al., 2021, Delbare et al., 2020, Kosakamoto et al., 2020, Lin et al., 2020, Seong et al., 2020, Suh et al., 2020, Swanson et al., 2020, Swanson et al., 2020, Vincent et al., 2020, Yurkevych et al., 2020, Baenas and Wagner, 2019, Chen et al., 2019, Chowdhury et al., 2019, Hanson et al., 2019, Houtz et al., 2019, Kopp and Park, 2019, Leech et al., 2019, Lin et al., 2019, Ma et al., 2019, Westfall et al., 2019, Badinloo et al., 2018, Barajas-Azpeleta et al., 2018, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Green et al., 2018, Hemphill et al., 2018, Mlih et al., 2018, Yuan et al., 2018, Bozler et al., 2017, Loch et al., 2017, Odnokoz et al., 2017, Katzenberger et al., 2016, Piegholdt et al., 2016, Beebe et al., 2015, Dissel et al., 2015, Lin et al., 2015, Bonnay et al., 2014, Donlea et al., 2014, Haller et al., 2014, Obata et al., 2014, Taylor et al., 2014, Varma et al., 2014, Clark et al., 2013, Durdevic et al., 2013, Garcia et al., 2013, Gendrin et al., 2013, Short and Lazzaro, 2013, Telonis-Scott et al., 2013, Thimgan et al., 2013, Yagi et al., 2013, An et al., 2012, Broderick et al., 2012, Kalajdzic et al., 2012, Rera et al., 2012, Tsuzuki et al., 2012, Vanha-Aho et al., 2012, Clark et al., 2011, Ladoukakis et al., 2011, Marcu et al., 2011, Becker et al., 2010, Chen et al., 2010, Jiang et al., 2010, Radyuk et al., 2010, Sackton and Clark, 2009, Bergeret et al., 2008, Domanitskaya et al., 2007, Leulier et al., 2006, Ramos et al., 2006, Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
            Dro1
            (Deng et al., 2009)
            Droc
            (Kanoh et al., 2021)
            Dros
            (Barretto et al., 2020, Vasudevan et al., 2017, Ramet et al., 2002, Lindmark et al., 2001)
            Drosocin
            (Sciambra and Chtarbanova, 2021, Singh and Tapadia, 2019, Tonk et al., 2019)
            Drs
            (Wu et al., 2015, Helenius et al., 2009)
            IM15
            IM7
            (Hanson et al., 2022)
            drc
            (Dubey and Tapadia, 2018, Lee and Edery, 2008, Georgel et al., 2001)
            dro
            (Hodge et al., 2022, Wagner et al., 2021, Ma et al., 2020, Zhang et al., 2020, Parvy et al., 2019, Li et al., 2018, Huang et al., 2017, Dissel et al., 2015, Wagner et al., 2009, McDonald and Rosbash, 2001, Khush and Lemaitre, 2000)
            dros
            (Abdelsadik and Roeder, 2010)
            drosocin
            (Igboin et al., 2012, Leclerc and Reichhart, 2004, Lemaitre, 2000.12.20, Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998, Meister, 1996.6.11, Bulet et al., 1993, Hetru, 1993.3.9)
            Name Synonyms
            Buletin
            (Hanson et al., 2022)
            Drosocin
            (Krejčová et al., 2024, Hsieh and Chiang, 2023, Cammarata-Mouchtouris et al., 2022, Carboni et al., 2022, Chen et al., 2022, Delventhal et al., 2022, Hanson et al., 2022, Liegeois and Ferrandon, 2022, Shrivastava et al., 2022, Singh and Tapadia, 2022, Takeuchi et al., 2022, Yu et al., 2022, Gao et al., 2021, Marra et al., 2021, Ozakman and Eleftherianos, 2021, Zhu et al., 2021, Hanson and Lemaitre, 2020, Iwashita et al., 2020, Nishihara, 2020, Shaposhnikov et al., 2020, Suh et al., 2020, Aalto et al., 2019, Merkling et al., 2019, Sanchez Bosch et al., 2019, Garschall and Flatt, 2018, Westfall et al., 2018, Kounatidis et al., 2017, Lele et al., 2017, Vasudevan et al., 2017, Katzenberger et al., 2016, Unckless and Lazzaro, 2016, Bandarra et al., 2015, Castillo et al., 2015, Lin et al., 2015, Moskalev et al., 2015, Pragya et al., 2015, Bonnay et al., 2014, Goto et al., 2014, Haller et al., 2014, Obata et al., 2014, Tan et al., 2014, Taylor et al., 2014, Varma et al., 2014, Cao et al., 2013, Clark et al., 2013, Durdevic et al., 2013, Ferrandon, 2013, Oh et al., 2013, Thimgan et al., 2013, Vonkavaara et al., 2013, Yagi et al., 2013, An et al., 2012, Igboin et al., 2012, Longworth et al., 2012, Petersen et al., 2012, Vanha-Aho et al., 2012, Akbar et al., 2011, Akhouayri et al., 2011, Clark et al., 2011, Marcu et al., 2011, Ragab et al., 2011, Becker et al., 2010, Lemos et al., 2010, Radyuk et al., 2010, Ayres and Schneider, 2009, Carpenter et al., 2009, Costa et al., 2009, Gendrin et al., 2009, Helenius et al., 2009, Sackton and Clark, 2009, Bergeret et al., 2008, Flatt et al., 2008, McGraw et al., 2008, Tang et al., 2008, Tsai et al., 2008, Kim et al., 2007, Lai et al., 2007, Pal et al., 2007, Waterhouse et al., 2007, Wu et al., 2007, Leulier et al., 2006, Beckstead et al., 2005, Johansson et al., 2005, Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002, Tzou et al., 2002, Luo et al., 2001, Rutschmann et al., 2000, Charlet et al., 1996)
            Drosocin (D)
            (Li et al., 2020)
            Drosocin precursor
            (Hernandez-Romano et al., 2008)
            Drosophila Immune induced molecule 11
            (Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
            Drosophila Immune induced molecule 15
            (Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
            Drosophila Immune induced molecule 9
            (Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
            Immune-induced Molecule 7
            (Hanson et al., 2022)
            drosocin
            (Hastings et al., 2023, Koller et al., 2023, Kong et al., 2021, Badinloo et al., 2018, Dubey and Tapadia, 2018, Wei et al., 2018, Koltun et al., 2017, Lee et al., 2017, Bandarra et al., 2015, Dissel et al., 2015, Verma and Tapadia, 2015, Bonnay et al., 2014, Fernando et al., 2014, Kuo and Williams, 2014, Verma and Tapadia, 2014, Lemaitre et al., 2012, Rera et al., 2012, Verma and Tapadia, 2012, Wang et al., 2012, Ahn et al., 2011, Anbutsu and Fukatsu, 2010, Moule et al., 2010, Okado et al., 2009, Stergiopoulos et al., 2009, Wagner et al., 2009, Zsindely et al., 2009, Kapelnikov et al., 2008, Lee and Edery, 2008, Domanitskaya et al., 2007, Hallem et al., 2007, Bhattacharya and Steward, 2002, Ligoxygakis et al., 2002)
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
            • FBgn0062947
            • FBgn0067904
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 103 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
            Linkouts
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            References (317)