FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\scs'
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\scs'
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
special chromatin structure'
Annotation Symbol
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0015540
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (0 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
    -
    Summaries
    Gene Model and Products
    Number of Transcripts
    0
    Number of Unique Polypeptides
    0
    Protein Domains (via Pfam)
    Isoform displayed:
    Pfam protein domains
    InterPro name
    classification
    start
    end
    Protein Domains (via SMART)
    Isoform displayed:
    SMART protein domains
    InterPro name
    classification
    start
    end
    Structure
    Experimentally Determined Structures
    Crossreferences
    Comments on Gene Model
    Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
    Transcript Data
    Annotated Transcripts
    Additional Transcript Data and Comments
    Reported size (kB)
    Comments
    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Polypeptide Data
    Annotated Polypeptides
    Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

     

    Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
    Reported size (kDa)
    Comments
    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Linkouts
    Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
    Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
      Mapped Features

      Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\scs' using the Feature Mapper tool.

      External Data
      Crossreferences
      Linkouts
      Expression Data
      Testis-specificity index

      The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

      NA

      Transcript Expression
      Additional Descriptive Data
      Marker for
       
      Subcellular Localization
      CV Term
      Polypeptide Expression
      Additional Descriptive Data
      Marker for
       
      Subcellular Localization
      CV Term
      Evidence
      References
      Expression Deduced from Reporters
      High-Throughput Expression Data
      Associated Tools

      JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

      View Dmel\scs' in JBrowse
      RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
      Reference
      See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
      Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
      Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
      External Data and Images
      Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
      Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 0 )
      For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
       
      Other relevant insertions
      Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )
      For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
      Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of scs'
      Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of scs'
      Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
      Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
      Inferred from location ( 0 )
        Variants
        Variant Molecular Consequences
        Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
        Phenotypes
        For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
        Phenotype manifest in
        Allele
        Orthologs
        Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
        Species\Gene Symbol
        Score
        Best Score
        Best Reverse Score
        Alignment
        Complementation?
        Transgene?
        Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
        Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
        Species\Gene Symbol
        Score
        Best Score
        Best Reverse Score
        Alignment
        Complementation?
        Transgene?
        Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
        Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
        Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
        Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
        Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
        Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (0)
        Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
        Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
        Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
        Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
        Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
        Data provided directly from OrthoDB:scs'. Refer to their site for version information.
        Paralogs
        Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
        Human Disease Associations
        FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
          Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
          Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
          Allele
          Disease
          Evidence
          References
          Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
          Human Ortholog
          Disease
          Evidence
          References
          Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
          Allele
          Disease
          Interaction
          References
          Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
          Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
          Homo sapiens (Human)
          Gene name
          Score
          OMIM
          OMIM Phenotype
          DO term
          Complementation?
          Transgene?
          Functional Complementation Data
          Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
          Interactions
          Summary of Physical Interactions
          esyN Network Diagram
          Other Interaction Browsers
          Summary of Genetic Interactions
          esyN Network Diagram
          Other Interaction Browsers
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          External Data
          Linkouts
          Pathways
          Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
          Metabolic Pathways
          External Data
          Linkouts
          Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
          Chromosome (arm)
          Recombination map
          Cytogenetic map
          Sequence location
          FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Evidence for location
          87A7-87A9
          Left limit from molecular mapping relative to aur (FBrf0080055) Right limit from molecular mapping relative to anon-87Aa (FBrf0080055)
          Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Notes
          References
          Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
          Location
          Left of (cM)
          Right of (cM)
          Notes
          Stocks and Reagents
          Stocks (7)
          Genomic Clones (0)
           
            cDNA Clones (0)
             

            Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

            cDNA clones, fully sequenced
            BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                  cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                  BDGP DGC clones
                    Other clones
                      RNAi and Array Information
                      Linkouts
                      Antibody Information
                      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                       
                      Commercially Available Antibodies
                       
                      Cell Line Information
                      Publicly Available Cell Lines
                       
                        Other Stable Cell Lines
                         
                          Other Comments

                          scs' shows enhancer blocking activity. scs' does not define the borders of a heat shock puff and does not block the propagation of altered chromatin states associated with puffing.

                          Pairs of scs insulators are able to block enhancer function.

                          The long distance regulatory activity of the Mcp element can be enhanced by placing it in a mini-w transgene which is flanked by scs and scs'.

                          Xenopus oocyte assay demonstrates the scs and scs' insulator elements do not require chromosomal context to block enhancer-activated transcription. A single insulator element partially blocks enhancer-activated transcription indicating that each element operates independently rather than as a pair. The scs and scs' elements do not block site-specific recombination by Scer\FLP1. These data are most consistent with a model for insulator action in which direct interaction between the insulator and either the enhancer or promoter confers directionality to enhancer-activated transcription.

                          A 250bp region upstream of both aur and the divergently transcribed anon-87Aa corresponds to the site of a specific chromatin structure (scs') previously proposed to be a barrier to insulate enhancers of Hsp70Ab.

                          The scs and scs' elements both have similar high levels of unrestrained negative supercoiling (high torsional tension) in vivo, that remain high regardless of the transcriptional state of the Hsp70Aa and Hsp70Ab genes.

                          The scs and scs' boundary elements do not facilitate expression in a heterologous system, unlike SARs.

                          The 87A7 Hsp70B region is bordered on the proximal and distal sides by two special chromatin structures, scs and scs'. An enhancer blocking assay based on the w gene demonstrates that the two nuclease hypersensitive regions that define part of the special chromatin structure are essential for the blocking activity. The DNA sequence spanning the nuclease resistant core located between the two hypersensitive regions is dispensable.

                          Heat shock alters the distribution of Top2 in the 87A7 heat shock locus. scs and scs' are targets for Top2 localisation. A return to normal temperatures relocalises Top2.

                          The Hsp70Aa and Hsp70Ab loci are flanked by special chromatin structures, scs and scs'. Each structure is defined by a pair of nuclease hypersensitivity sites bordering a nuclease resistant core of 250-350bp in length. Both scs and scs' have properties that suggest they may correspond to the boundaries of the 87A7 chromomere.

                          scs and scs' are capable of establishing a domain of independent gene activity: w gene flanked by scs and scs' inserted into the genome by P element mediated transformation is isolated against both positive and negative position effects at most insertion sites. scs and scs' also have enhancer blocking activities: when inserted between a Yp1 enhancer and a heat shock promoter-Ecol\lacZ fusion little or no Ecol\lacZ expression is detected even though the promoter is fully heat shock inducible.

                          Relationship to Other Genes
                          Source for database merge of
                          Additional comments
                          Nomenclature History
                          Source for database identify of
                          Nomenclature comments
                          Etymology
                          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (3)
                          Datasets (0)
                          Study focus (0)
                          Experimental Role
                          Project
                          Project Type
                          Title
                          Study result (0)
                          Result
                          Result Type
                          Title
                          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )
                          References (88)