The ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport) machinery is made up of five complexes, ESCRT-0 to -III and the Vps4-Vta1 ATPase complex, which are sequentially recruited to the cytosolic face of the membrane, and mediate cargo recognition, membrane budding and fission. ESCRT-II is a constitutive heterotetramer. It interacts with 3-phosphoinositides, ubiquitin and ESCRT-I, with which it mediates the formation of the membrane bud and stabilizes the neck region. It recruits ESCRT-III. (Adapted from
PMID:22361144 and
FBrf0209668).