Transgenic larvae expressing Vap-33-1^{P58S.Scer\UAS} in neurons (under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155) are sluggish and uncoordinated.

Transgenic larvae expressing Vap-33-1^{P58S.Scer\UAS} in neurons (under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155) reveal significant heterogeniety in mobility. Approximately 34% of the larvae are completely paralyzed or exhibit very few peristaltic contractions while the majority has a frequency of strides that is only 30% of the wild-type value. Significantly enhanced neuronal death is observed in the central neurons of larvae expressing Vap-33-1^{P58S.Scer\UAS} compared with controls.

The number of boutons in neuromuscular junctions expressing Vap-33-1^{P58S.Scer\UAS} (under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155) is approximately 40% of the wild-type number. Although not directly quantified, an increase in bouton size is also observed. A number of other abnormalities such as muscle wasting and synaptic degeneration are often observed at these NMJs.

TEM analysis of wing disc cells expressing Vap-33-1^Scer\UAS.cPa under the control of Scer\GAL4^C5 reveals clusters of aberrant electron-dense material that is continuous with the rough ER. These clusters are not seen in wild type controls.

Pre-synaptic expression of Vap-33-1^Scer\UAS.cPa under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155 has no effect on bouton number. Mild defects in flight ability are observed but no defects are detected in the structure of the indirect flight muscles. Subtle but non-significant reductions in the excitatory junctional amplitude (EJP) and (miniEJP) are also seen.